Unconventional Spin Density Waves in Dipolar Fermi Gases

The conventional spin density wave (SDW) phase (Overhauser, 1962), as found in antiferromagnetic metal for example (Fawcett 1988), can be described as a condensate of particle-hole pairs with zero angular momentum, $\ell=0$, analogous to a condensate of particle-particle pairs in conventional superconductors. While many unconventional superconductors with Cooper pairs of finite $\ell$ have been discovered, their counterparts, density waves with non-zero angular momenta, have only been hypothesized in two-dimensional electron systems (Nayak, 2000). Using an unbiased functional renormalization group analysis, we here show that spin-triplet particle-hole condensates with $\ell=1$ emerge generically in dipolar Fermi gases of atoms (Lu, Burdick, and Lev, 2012) or molecules (Ospelkaus et al., 2008; Wu et al.) on optical lattice. The order parameter of these exotic SDWs is a vector quantity in spin space, and, moreover, is defined on lattice bonds rather than on lattice sites. We determine the rich quantum phase diagram of dipolar fermions at half-filling as a function of the dipolar orientation, and discuss how these SDWs arise amidst competition with superfluid and charge density wave phases.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Light cone dynamics and reverse Kibble-Zurek mechanism in two-dimensional superfluids following a quantum quench

We study the dynamics of the relative phase of a bilayer of two-dimensional superfluids after the two superfluids have been decoupled. We find that on short time scales the relative phase shows "light cone" like dynamics and creates a metastable superfluid state, which can be supercritical. We also demonstrate similar light cone dynamics for the transverse field Ising model. On longer time scales the supercritical state relaxes to a disordered state due to dynamical vortex unbinding. This scenario of dynamically suppressed vortex proliferation constitutes a reverse-Kibble-Zurek effect. We study this effect both numerically using truncated Wigner approximation and analytically within a newly suggested time dependent renormalization group approach (RG). In particular, within RG we show that there are two possible fixed points for the real time evolution corresponding to the superfluid and normal steady states. So depending on the initial conditions and the microscopic parameters of the Hamiltonian the system undergoes a non-equilibrium phase transition of the Kosterlitz-Thouless type. The time scales for the vortex unbinding near the critical point are exponentially divergent, similar to the equilibrium case.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figure

Bridging closed and dissipative discrete time crystals in spin systems with infinite-range interactions

We elucidate the role that the dissipation in a bosonic channel plays in the prevalence and stability of time crystals (TCs) in a periodically driven spin-boson system described by the Dicke model. Here, the bosons are represented by photons, and they mediate the infinite-range interactions between the spin systems. For strong dissipation, we study the dynamics using an effective atom-only description and the closed Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model. By mapping out the phase diagrams for varying dissipation strengths, ranging from zero to infinitely strong, we demonstrate that the area in the phase diagram, where a TC exists, grows with the dissipation strength but only up to an optimal point, beyond which most of the TCs become unstable. We find TCs in both closed-system and dissipative regimes, but dissipative TCs are shown to be more robust against random noise in the drive, and are only weakly affected by the choice of initial state. We present the finite-sized behaviour and the scaling of the lifetime of the TCs with respect to the number of spins and the interaction strength within a fully quantum mechanical description.Comment: 16 pages, 14 figure

Mixing-Demixing transition in 1D boson-fermion mixture at low fermion densities

We numerically investigated the mixing-demixing transition of the boson-fermion mixture on a 1D lattice at an incommensurate filling with the fermion density being kept below the boson density. The phase diagram we obtained suggested that the decrease of the number of the fermions drove the system into the demixing phase

Decoherence in an exactly solvable qubit model with initial qubit-environment correlations

We study a model of dephasing (decoherence) in a two-state quantum system (qubit) coupled to a bath of harmonic oscillators. An exact analytic solution for the reduced dynamics of a two-state system in this model has been obtained previously for factorizing initial states of the combined system. We show that the model admits exact solutions for a large class of correlated initial states which are typical in the theory of quantum measurements. We derive exact expressions for the off-diagonal elements of the qubit density matrix, which hold for an arbitrary strength of coupling between the qubit and the bath. The influence of initial correlations on decoherence is considered for different bath spectral densities. Time behavior of the qubit entropy in the decoherence process is discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure