Think Different: Applying the Old Macintosh Mantra to the Computability of the SUSY Auxiliary Field Problem

Starting with valise supermultiplets obtained from 0-branes plus field redefinitions, valise adinkra networks, and the "Garden Algebra," we discuss an architecture for algorithms that (starting from on-shell theories and, through a well-defined computation procedure), search for off-shell completions. We show in one dimension how to directly attack the notorious "off-shell auxiliary field" problem of supersymmetry with algorithms in the adinkra network-world formulation.Comment: 28 pages, 1 figur

Monitored thermal performance of passive solar designed display homes in Perth, Western Australia

A number of sustainable demonstration homes have been built in Perth over the last 5 years. This paper will report on data gathered at two of them, provide a comparative assessment and present lessons learnt. A fundamental inclusion in a sustainable house is Passive Solar (PS) design. PS design is a simple methodology for the design of energy efficient buildings that can reduce the need for mechanical heating and cooling, therefore reducing the need for energy to operate active systems. PS design is a regionally specific design methodology whereby the general climate of a house site needs to be analysed to best ascertain what design features will be needed. In Australia, due to the extremes of conditions, house designs will vary greatly by state, which is also due to the established building industry. The uptake of this design rationale has been very slow, with houses mainly relying on air-conditioning. The design of a PS building follows several basic principles: Orientation, Glazing and Protection, Thermal Mass, Insulation, Ventilation and Zoning. A PS house uses a system of windows, walls and insulation to control the flow of energy to maintain temperatures at comfortable levels for occupation. Separate components are not monitored, just the capacity for the building to have stable internal air temperatures, which is what inhabitants will detect. The range of temperatures for Thermal Comfort (TC) is 18 to 28° Celsius. The Subiaco Sustainable Demonstration Home (SSDH) is a collaborative effort between the local council and the building industry to create a house that uses fewer resources than normally built homes during its construction, use, and eventual demolition. Harvest Lakes, the first Housing Industry Association (HIA) GreenSmart estate in Western Australia, showcases ‘The Elements’ Sustainable Demonstration Home (ESDH) as an example of a possible sustainable future of residential construction and living. With a PS design based on a standard plan, the ESDH could easily be replicated in various other locations around Australia. Each house has been monitored for at least the last year using stand-alone temperature data-loggers to record the air temperatures in different rooms to give an indication of the effectiveness of the PS design in terms of maintaining temperatures within established TC thresholds. Results collected to date indicate that a PS building can be thermally comfortable, but it does require occupants to ‘drive’ them to maximise the benefits of the design

A Survey of Facebook Usage in North East of Nigeria

The study is on a survey of Facebook usage in the North Eastern Nigeria. The objective of the research is to find out the level of usage of Facebook in the North Eastern States of Nigeria. The study find out that majority 198(66.00%) of the respondents said they accessed their Facebook account daily. Minority 2(0.67%) of the respondents said they accessed their Facebook account monthly. Majority 105(35.00%) of the respondents said they used their Facebook account for communicating with friends only. While minority 16(5.35%) of the respondents said they used their Facebook accounts for communicating with friends and for relationship. The findings further revealed that majority 118(39.33%) of the respondents said the type of people they meet on Facebook were friends, college mates and family members, while minority 4(1.34%) of the respondents said the type of people they meet on Facebook were close friends and people that are not known to them. Majority 149(49.67%) of the respondents said the challenges they encountered in the use of Facebook was low internet speed. The study recommends among otherthings that, government should mandate the internet providers to switch over from G3 to G4,  This way the problem of low internet speed would be a thing of the past. The study then concluded that, all Facebook users no matter their age, sex, and cultural background have one thing in common, that is, they use the platform to communicate with their friends and loved ones. Keywords: Communication, Facebook, Friendship, Internet &Social medi

Whole Farm Nutrient Balance Under Different Grazing Systems: Project Overview

The amount of phosphorus (P) in surface runoff from agricultural lands is of concern because of the potential for eutrophication of Iowa’s waterways. Currently, there is limited information about the total P loads in surface runoff coming from pastureland in the Midwest. Much of the P runoff is likely associated with sediment. Because foliage limits soil disruption caused by the impact of raindrops and because forage roots hold soil particles, forages harvested at an appropriate height, through suitable grazing management, should maintain water infiltration and minimize sediment and P loss in surface runoff from pastures. Grazing management may influence utilization of P by the animal, by impacting P digestibility. The objective of this project is to quantify P flows through systems operated under different grazing management practices. Figure 1 illustrates P inputs and outputs in the grazing system

Phosphorus, Crude Protein, and Digestible Dry Matter Concentrations of Forage Selected by Grazing Beef Cattle

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for beef cattle, but over-supplementation of P may have negative environmental and economic impacts. The P concentration in forage selected by grazing cattle may be sufficient to meet the nutritional requirements without supplementation. Similarly, the crude protein (CP) and in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDDM) concentration of forage selected by grazing cattle may be greater than available forage. This study was conducted to determine the P, CP, and IVDDM concentrations of forage selected by beef cattle grazing cool-season grass pastures. Fifteen fall-calving Angus cows were managed by either continuous or rotational stocking in 30-acre smooth bromegrass pastures, replicated twice. In July and August, one ruminally fistulated steer was placed in each pasture for one week. On two consecutive days at the end of each week, fistulated steers were ruminally evacuated, allowed to graze for 2 h, and sampled for forage selected during grazing. Forage samples were hand-clipped at ground level and from the upper half of the forage sward in pasture areas adjacent to the areas being grazed. A subsample of the ground-clipped forage was placed in the rumen and allowed to soak for 2 h following sampling of selected forage to correct the P, CP, and IVDDM concentrations in the selected forage for salivary P, CP, and IVDDM absorbed by selected forage. Hand-clipped and selected forage samples were analyzed for P, CP and IVDDM concentrations. Phosphorus concentrations in the available forage did not differ by month. However, P concentrations of available forage in continuously stocked pastures (0.22%) tended to be greater than in rotationally stocked pastures (0.20%). The P concentration of selected forage (0.39%) was almost twice as high as the available forage. Available forage in pastures managed by continuous stocking had greater CP and IVDDM concentrations than did forage in rotationally stocked pastures in both months. Results of this study show that cattle grazing cool-season grass pastures are able to select forage with an adequate crude protein and P concentrations to meet their nutrient requirement without supplementatio

Internet Usage among Broadcast Media Practitioners in Nigeria

The study investigates internet usage among broadcast media practitioners in Nigeria. All the media practitioners in NTA, Peace PM and Ray Power stations in Maiduguri, totaling 91, were administered with questionnaire. The study finds out that majority 31(34.07%) of the respondents said they used the internet daily, while minority 6(6.59%) of the respondents said they never used the internet. Majority 32(35.16%) of the respondents said they used internet for news reporting, while minority 9(9.89%) of the respondents said they used the internet for advertising. Also 38(41.76%) of the respondents said websites enhanced their work as broadcast media practitioners, while minority 7(7.69%) of the respondents said You Tube enhanced their work as a broadcast media practitioner. The study also find out that challenges encountered by broadcast media practitioners while using the internet include; erratic power supply, lack of access to internet, low internet connectivity and hash weather conditions. The study recommended among other things that media owners should provide computers for their organizations and also provide same to their staff as loan to enable them access internet not only in office but also at home. The study then concluded that broadcast media practitioners in Nigeria can not afford to be left behind in the use of internet, if they must perform their duties of informing, educating and entertaining their listeners and viewers. Keyword: Broadcasting, Broadcast media, Electronic Communication, Internet, New media Technolog

Impact of Grazing Management on Cattle Distribution and Physical Characteristics of the Riparian Zones of Pastures

Grazing management practices that allow cattle to congregate near pasture streams may result in the loss of vegetative cover and accumulation of manure near pasture streams. These conditions may cause loading of the streams with sediment, phosphorus, and pathogens carried in surface runoff. The loss of vegetation and increased compaction associated with concentrated cattle traffic may promote stream bank erosion causing further impairment of stream water quality. The objectives of the current study were 1) to evaluate cattle distribution patterns, in relation to a pasture stream/pond and 2)to evaluate the effects of stocking rate and the botanical composition of the pastures’ riparian zone on the forage sward height and the proportions of bare and manure-covered ground along the banks of pasture streams

Grazing Management of Beef Cows to Limit Non-point Source Pollution of Streams in Midwestern Pastures

In 2006, the Iowa DNR identified 336 impaired water bodies in Iowa. The majority of these impairments are associated with elevated nutrient, sediment, or bacterial loads in streams and lakes. Poorly managed grazing of beef cattle in riparian areas may contribute to a reduction in quality of Midwest surface waters. However, research has shown that management practices that alter the timing, frequency, duration, and timing of grazing can reduce the impact of cattle on water sources

Effect of Fe intermetallics on microstructure and properties of Al-7Si alloys

The present work deals with the effect of iron intermetallics on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-7% Si alloys. Two different iron additions were made, 0.6% Fe and 2% Fe, to study the effect of iron intermetallics on Al-Si alloys. Microstructure property correlations were carried out using SEM-EDS and tensile testing of alloys. Microstructure results show that the rise in iron content significantly increased the average size, thickness and number of intermetallic particles in the alloys. Nano-indentation study shows that the iron intermetallics are too brittle compared with the primary aluminium. Moreover, the hardness and Young’s modulus of iron intermetallics are higher than those of primary aluminium. Tensile test results show that there is no significant difference in strength levels between Al-7%Si and Al-7Si-0.6Fe alloys. However, an increase in iron from 0.6% to 2% resulted in a significant decrease in tensile strength and elongation of the alloys. Two-dimensional SEM studies suggest that the increased number of needle-shaped β-phase intermetallic particles formed because of increased amounts of Fe could be the reason for early failure of the alloy. To further understand the early failure of iron-containing alloys, the fractured tensile specimens were studied using the 3D x-ray tomography technique. XCT results show that the failure in tensile testing of 2% Fe alloy was not mainly due to breaking of brittle β-phase intermetallic particles, but due to the morphology and particle-matrix interface debonding. XCT shows that the needle-shaped particles are long, sharp-edged platelets in 3D, which act as stress raisers for crack initiation and propagation along the interphase