Aplicaciones de la teledetección en la cartografía de ecosistemas marinos vulnerables: herramientas para el estudio y conservación de espacios naturales

Los impactos del cambio global en el medio marino han ocasionado graves daños en el mar Mediterráneo, en especial en las comunidades bentónicas. La presente tesis doctoral se centra en uno de los sistemas coralígenos pertenecientes al Parque Nacional Marítimo-Terrestre del Archipiélago de la Cabrera, una zona de gran valor ecológico en el entorno de la plataforma continental balear. Para realizar la investigación se han utilizado datos obtenidos mediante técnicas de teledetección acústica, una herramienta extraordinaria para el análisis y modelización de determinadas zonas del planeta difíciles de explorar, como el medio marino y los fondos oceánicos. Con el objetivo de comprobar la utilidad de dichas técnicas, se ha identificado la tipología del fondo del área de estudio, y se han establecido una serie de variables, con el fin de componer una cartografía fisiográfica específica para representar individualmente cada parámetro del fondo marino analizado..

Contribution of EMODNET Batrymetry Project to Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Case of use:IEO.

With this work we want to highlight that all data collected in EMODnet is essential information in order to have a database with reference information about the marine environment to achieve the objectives of MSFD. In the case of EMODnet bathymetry, on the one hand, the researchers of IEO are participating as partners on the development of the EMODnet bathymetry data (continous DTMs for all european seas), and in the other hand, the IEO researchers are involved in the development of research in the framework of MSFD in Spain and they are using this bathymetry as important element of reference. For the MSFD works is essential to have a continuos DTM bathymetry in order to the stablishment of indicators for each descriptor, for instance in the biodiversity descriptor It is essential to know the seadbed relief in order to know the habitat distribution, it is very important to define bathymetrical thresholds to identify the bentonic habitats domain as infralitoral, circalitoral, etc. Moreover the bathymetry it is very important in the indicators as spatial extent of loss of seabed, spatial extent of physical disturbance to seabed, distribution of habitat adversely altered by physical disturbance. Other utilities of bathymetry are to know the marine current and therefore in order to know species distribution.EMODNET BATHYMETR

EMODNET BATHYMETRY. Recopilación de datos batimétricos en el Margen Atlántico. Contribuciones desde el IEO.

Marine Knowledge 2020 brings together marine data from different sources with the aim to help researches, public authorities, etc., finding the data and making more effective the use and the develop of new products and services, and improving our understanding of how the seas behave. On this way, it is necessary to develop tools and platforms to provide accessibility to marine information. The UE is developing several initiatives on this way. EMODnet is an initiative from the European Commission Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (DG-MARE) as part of its Marine Knowledge 2020 strategy. The EMODnet aim is finding, gathering, and elaborating contínuos layers about marine data resources, and to make these available to individuals and organizations (public and private), and therefore contribute to facilitating and increasing the scientific knowledge of marine environment through improved access to quality-assured, standardized and harmonized marine data. There are six sub-portals that providing access to marine data from the following themes: ditigal bathymetry, marine geology, physical oceanography, chemistry and pollution, marine biodiversity, seabed habitat mapping and human activities. IEO are implicated in the collecting data about bathymetry, physics, chemistry, biology and seabed habitats. The EMODNET BATHYMETRY PORTAL providing access to several DTMs about Atlantic Margin, including Macaronesia. This data provides a very importante bathymetric information of reference, to support to several multidisciplinary researches in the marine environment

Promoting FAIRness in marine data at Centro Nacional Instituto Español de Oceanografía

The Spanish Institute of Oceanography is responsible, among other aspects, for scientifc and technical advice for the Government’s fsheries policy as well as for the protection and sustainability of the marine environment. In this task, it generates a large amount of oceanographic data characterized by its spatial dispersion during acquisition as well as by its diferent typology. The purpose of both the National Oceanographic Data Center and the GIS team is to safeguard data and to disclose what data exists and where, how and when it has been acquired and, in addition, to provide access to that data through the collaboration with diferent international data infrastructures like EMODnet or SeaDataNet. To this end, the data and metadata are subjected to quality control and formatted for integration into a national Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI). This SDI has a GeoNetwork catalogue with ~ 1750 oceanographic campaigns, together with (meta)data and services that are continuously being revised and incorporated. All this with the ultimate goal of making the data increasingly FAIR.Peer Reviewe

Promoting FAIRness in marine data at Centro Nacional Instituto Español de Oceanografía

The Spanish Institute of Oceanography is responsible, among other aspects, for scienti c and technical advice for the Government's sheries policy as well as for the protection and sustainability of the marine environment. In this task, it generates a large amount of oceanographic data characterized by its spatial dispersion during acquisition as well as by its di erent typology. The purpose of both the National Oceanographic Data Center and the GIS team is to safeguard data and to disclose what data exists and where, how and when it has been acquired and, in addition, to provide access to that data through the collaboration with di erent international data infrastructures like EMODnet or SeaDataNet. To this end, the data and metadata are subjected to quality control and formatted for integration into a national Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI). This SDI has a GeoNetwork catalogue with ~ 1750 oceanographic campaigns, together with (meta)data and services that are continuously being revised and incorporated. All this with the ultimate goal of making the data increasingly FAIR

Database of spatial distribution of non indigenous species in Spanish marine waters

Research in marine Spanish waters are focused on several actions to achieve an effectively management on protected areas, with the active participation of the stakeholders and research as basic tools for decision-making. Among these actions, there is one about the knowledge and control on NIS. One of its objectives is the creation of NIS factsheets, which are going to be added to the National Marine Biodiversity Geographical System (GIS) providing complementary information about taxonomic classification, common names, taxonomic synonyms, species illustrations, identification morphological characters, habitat in the native and introduced regions, biological and ecological traits, GenBank DNA sequences, world distribution, first record and evolution in the introduced areas, likely pathways of introduction, effects in the habitats and interaction with native species, and potential management measures to apply. The database will also provide data for (1) the European online platforms, (2) the environmental assessment for the Descriptor 2 (D2-NIS) of the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), as well as (3) supporting decisions made by stakeholders. It is the result of extensive collaboration among scientist, manager’s and citizen science in the Spanish North-Atlantic, South-Atlantic, Gibraltar Strait-Alboran, Levantine-Balearic and Canary Islands marine divisions, providing an updated overview of the spatial distribution of relevant extended and invasive NIS of recent and established NIS introduced by maritime transport and aquaculture pathways, as well as on cryptogenic or native species in expansion due to the climatic water warming trend

Mapa sobre la naturaleza del fondo de La Reserva Marina de La Isla de la Graciosa e Islotes del Norte de Lanzarote

Mapa de que contiene información de los límites de la Reserva Marina de La Isla de la Graciosa e Islotes del Norte de Lanzarote y de la naturaleza de su fondo: la delimitación de las zonas de roca y de los diferentes tipos de sedimentosInstituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO); Secretaría General del Mar (SGM

Mapa sobre la naturaleza del fondo de La Reserva Marina de Cala Ratjada

Mapa de que contiene información de los límites de la Reserva Marina de Cala Ratjada (isla de Mallorca) y de la naturaleza de su fondo: la delimitación de las zonas de roca y de los diferentes tipos de sedimentosInstituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO); Secretaría General del Mar (SGM

WFS (Web Feature Service ) para descarga de datos de la Demarcación Marina Noratlántica en el marco de la Estrategia Marina en España.

A través de este servicio WFS se puede acceder a la descarga de datos obtenidos en los programas de seguimiento del segundo ciclo de la Estrategia Marina, llevados a cabo por el CN IEO-CSIC en la demarcación marina noratlántica. Los datos se refieren a basuras marinas, contaminación, distribución de hábitats bentónicos, eutrofización, especies alóctonas invasoras, peces y cefalópodos y esfuerzo pesquero.WFS (Web Feature Service ) que permite la descarga de datos de la Demarcación Marina Noratlántica en el marco de la Estrategia Marina en EspañaMinisterio de Transición Ecológica y Reto Demográfico y el CN Instituto Español de Oceanografía-CSIC