Identification of volatile and non-volatile compounds of cornsilk and its association with diuretic properties in rats

Pengenalpastian komponen meruap dan bukan meruap dalam sutera jagung dan kaitannya dengan ciri-ciri diuretik telah dikaji. Serbuk sutera jagung dipanaskan pada sepuluh kombinasi masa dan suhu yang berbeza termasuk satu serbuk sutera jagung kawalan (tanpa pemanasan) bagi mengenalpasti komponen meruap menggunakan GC-MS. Dua jenis ekstrak sutera jagung yang digunakan dalam kajian ini iaitu akues dan metanolik bagi mengenalpasti komponen meruap dan bukan meruap menggunakan GC-MS dan ujian penskrinan. Setiap ekstrak, diberikan kepada setiap tikus Sprague-Dawley secara oral bagi penentuan ciri-ciri diuretik. Selepas 24 jam pemberian ekstrak, paras pengeluaran urin, pH, osmolaliti, Na+, K+ and Cl- ditentukan. Identification of volatile and non volatile compounds of corn silk and its association with diuretic activity were investigated. Corn silk powder was heated at ten different combinations of time and temperature, including control corn silk powder (unheated) for identification of volatile compounds via GC-MS. Two types of corn silk extracts were used in the present study namely aqueous and methanolic to identify the presence of volatile and non-volatile compound using GC-MS and screening test, respectively. Each extract was orally fed to individual Sprague- Dawley rats for diuretic properties determination. After 24 h administration of extract, the level of urine excretion, pH, osmolality, Na+, K+ and Cl- were measured

Assessment of Malaysian Cornsilk Bioactive Compounds and Its Cytotoxicity test on Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina)

Cornsilk contains various beneficial phytochemical compounds. There are claims that cornsilk exhibits various biological activities in vivo. The aim of the present study was to determine the cornsilk bioactive compounds and the cytotoxicity effect of cornsilk extract on brine shrimp. Cornsilk was extracted using different solvents with single extraction procedures. All phytochemical compounds samples were identified via GC-MS equipment. The brine shrimp toxicity test was observed to obtain LC50 value for both extracts. Eleven compounds were identified in the aqueous extract of cornsilk (AEC) while methanolic extract of cornsilk (MEC) contained 4 compounds. These compounds consist of cyclopentane-ethyl, 2-methylheptane, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl-5-methyl, 1-naphtol, lactone-G, cis-2-pentenal, pyranone, hydroxymethyl furfural and palmitic acid. There was only 1 similar compound found in both extracts which was the hydroxymethyl furfural. Cytotoxicity test showed that cornsilk is non toxic. The LC50 values found in AEC and MEC were 3151.34 and 1350.65, respectively. Our result found that cornsilk contained various bioactive compounds which positively supported most of the therapeutic activity claimed. In brief, the cytotoxicity test shows that cornsilk is non toxic for human consumption due to its high LC50 value

Fatty acid and amino acid composition of three local Malaysian Channa spp. fish

The objective of this current study was to analyze the biochemical compositions of three Malaysian Channa spp. fish. The proximate analysis revealed that the protein content of Channa lucius, Channa micropeltes and Channa striatus was 19.9%, 22.1%, 23.0% (% of dry weight), respectively. The total lipid content was generally high, ranging from 5.7% to 11.9% and crude ash ranged from 1.0% to 1.8%. The major amino acids were glutamic acid, aspartic acid and lysine, ranging from 9.7% to 21.7%, and the most abundant fatty acid in Channa spp. was C16:0, ranging from 25.6% to 30.4%. The other major fatty acids detected were C22:6, C18:1 and C18:0. The level of arachidonic acid (C20:4) was unusually high in C. striatus (19.02%). The levels of DHA in these fish would also explain the use of Channa spp., especially C. striatus, which has been used for centuries for reducing pain, inflammation and promote wound healing in Malaysia

Characterization and stability of pitaya pearls from hydrocolloids by reverse spherification

The physicochemical properties, shelf life and stability of pitaya pearls (PP) by reverse spherification from sodium alginate (PP Alginate), kappa carrageenan (PP Kappa) and a combined iota carrageenan-sodium alginate (PP Iota) were studied. The macronutrients of PP were not affected by the hydrocolloid types, except for ash. PP Alginate showed the strongest textural properties. Storage duration affected mainly elasticity of all PP. During storage, PP Alginate and PP Kappa had better morphological and textural stability. However, PP Kappa with lower values of calorie, hardness, and rupture force is the suggested PP for consumption in beverages

Antioxidative activity and chemicals composition of volatile extracts of cornsilks

Herbs and plants produce essential nutritional elements including natural phytochemicals and antioxidants. Phytochemicals and natural antioxidants have gained significant interest in recent years for their role in the prevention of auto oxidation of oils, fats and fat containing food products. These natural bioactive compounds confer health benefits which include protection against cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer, degenerative diseases, stroke, obesity and diverticulosis. Presently, corn hair or Zea mays hairs are discarded due to the lack of knowledge of its nutritional value and possible therapeutic properties. In the present study, it was noted dried corn hair contained 38.4 g/1 OOg total dietary fibre while aqueous extract residue ( 4hrs) recorded the highest total dietary fibre content of 54.2g/1 OOg followed by Soxhlet residue of the water extract at 41.8 g/1 OOg. Dried corn hair boiled for 30 min recorded the highest concentration of total sugars concentration at 85.40 mg/lOOg. On the other aspect, total polyphenol concentration of methanol and water extracts were 102.9 mg GAE/lOOg and 14.2 mg GAE/lOOg of dry plant respectively. In radical scavenging activity, the methanolic extract scavenged at 81. 7% of free radicals at 1 OOOμg/ml while the water extract showed 63.5% of inhibition. Twenty-four volatiles comprising aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, alkane, fatty acids and a furan were identified in all dried cornsilk. 3- methylbutanal, hexanal, heptanal and nonanal was identified as key odorants in dried cornsilk. Besides that, 9, 12-octadecenoic acid and 9, 12, 15-octadecatrienioc acid being the prominent volatile compounds presented in dried cornsilk simultaneously distilled and extracted using SDE techniques. In conclusion, Zea mays hair contained important nutritional elements and various pleasant flavor components and thus, it could potentially be an alternative source of dietary components and flavor in food and food products

Antioxidative activity and chemicals composition of volatile extracts of cornsilks (Zea mays L.)

Herbs and plants produce essential nutritional elements including natural phytochemicals and antioxidants. Phytochemicals and natural antioxidants have gained significant interest in recent years for their role in the prevention of auto oxidation of oils, fats and fat containing food products. These natural bioactive compounds confer health benefits which include protection against cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer, degenerative diseases, stroke, obesity and diverticulosis. Presently, corn hair or Zea mays hairs are discarded due to the lack of knowledge of its nutritional value and possible therapeutic properties. In the present study, it was noted dried corn hair contained 38.4 g/1 OOg total dietary fibre while aqueous extract residue ( 4hrs) recorded the highest total dietary fibre content of 54.2g/1 OOg followed by Soxhlet residue of the water extract at 41.8 g/1 OOg. Dried corn hair boiled for 30 min recorded the highest concentration of total sugars concentration at 85.40 mg/lOOg. On the other aspect, total polyphenol concentration of methanol and water extracts were 102.9 mg GAE/lOOg and 14.2 mg GAE!lOOg of dry plant respectively. In radical scavenging activity, the methanolic extract scavenged at 81.7% of free radicals at 1 OOO!lg/ml while the water extract showed 63.5% of inhibition. Twenty-four volatiles comprising aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, alkane, fatty acids and a furan were identified in all dried cornsilk. 3- methylbutanal, hexanal, heptanal and nonanal was identified as key odorants in dried cornsilk. Besides that, 9, 12-octadecenoic acid and 9, 12, 15-octadecatrienioc acid being the prominent volatile compounds presented in dried cornsilk simultaneously distilled and extracted using SDE techniques. In conclusion, Zea mays hair contained important nutritional elements and various pleasant flavor components and thus, it could potentially be an alternative source of dietary components and flavor in food and food products