New linear plasma devices in the trilateral euregio cluster for an integrated approach to plasma surface interactions in fusion reactors

New linear plasma devices are currently being constructed or planned in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC) to meet the challenges with respect to plasma surface interactions in DEMO and ITER: i) MAGNUM-PSI (FOM), a high particle and power flux device with super-conducting magnetic field coils which will reach ITER-like divertor conditions at high magnetic field, ii) the newly proposed linear plasma device JULE-PSI (FZJ), which will allow to expose toxic and neutron activated target samples to ITER-like fluences and ion energies including in vacuo analysis of neutron activated samples, and iii) the plasmatron VISION I. a compact plasma device which will be operated inside the tritium lab at SCK-CEN Mol, capable to investigate tritium plasmas and moderately activated wall materials. This contribution shows the capabilities of the new devices and their forerunner experiments (Pilot-PSI at FOM and PSI-2 Julich at FZJ) in view of the main objectives of the new TEC program on plasma surface interactions. (C) 2011 Forschungszentrum Julich, Institut fur Energieforschung-Plasmaphysik. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Lake Muzahi, Rwanda:limnological features and phytoplankton production

peer reviewedLake Muhazi, a small lake of Rwanda (East Africa) was studied from 1986 to 1990. A dramatic decrease of the catch of Oreochromis niloticus (350 T y-1 in the fifties vs 30 T y-1 in 1982) suggested a loss of productivity or overfishing. In the same period, other ecological changes occurred: the submerged macrophytes regressed and there was a decrease in Secchi depth (0.65 m in 1987 vs 1.5 m in the fifties). Compared to other lakes of the same area, the plankton production seemed low. The results of the present study characterize lake Muhazi as a shallow lake with a rather unstable diurnal stratification and with slight differences in mixing regime between its eastern, deepest part and its western, shallowest part. Secchi disk depth does not vary seasonally to a large extent. The water has a rather high mineral content (conductivity of about 500 μS cm-1 at 25 °C) and low concentrations of dissolved N and P, except in the hypolimnion, where NHinf4sup+ -N can be high. Two species, Microcystis aeruginosa and Ceratium hirundinella, account for most of the phytoplankton biomass, which is about 50-80 mg chlorophyll a m-2 in the euphotic zone, usually with little seasonal variation. Daily gross production estimates amount to about 6 to 9.5 g O2 m-2 d-1 with a significant difference between the two parts of the lake. Data on C:N and C:P ratio in the phytoplankton suggest that some N deficiency might occur in the eastern part. Moreover, the Zm:Zc ratio could also lead to rather low net production rates (0.21-0.25 d-1 for a mixed layer of 4 m) In conclusion, the primary production of lake Muhazi is medium for African lakes and the hypothesis that decreased planktonic production could account for a reduced fish production should be discarded. Whereas the present yield of the fishery is only 20 kg ha-1 y-1, the yield estimated from primary production ranges between 46 and 64 kg ha-1 y-1. This could be reached through proper management. Finally, some hypotheses are given to explain the ecological changes which occurred in the lake. © 1993 Kluwer Academic Publishers

Early plasmapheresis as a successful treatment in hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis in first trimester pregnancy following in vitro fertilization.

SCOPUS: le.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Peroperative cardiogenic shock suggesting acute coronary syndrome as initial manifestation of Lyme carditis.

Carditis can complicate Lyme disease in an estimated <5% of cases, and cardiogenic shock and severe cardiac arrhythmias are described with electrocardiographic abnormalities that could be suggestive of coronary manifestations. We report a case of severe persistent biventricular heart failure complicated by cardiac arrhythmias as initial manifestation of a Lyme disease developing peroperatively electrocardiographic abnormalities suggesting acute transmural myocardial infarction

Leaflet escape of a mitral duromedics prosthesis. Case report

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe