3 research outputs found
TLR9-based immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic diseases
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a family of pattern recognition receptors expressed on many
cell types of innate immunity, recognize the pathogen-associated molecular patterns
of microbes. The hygiene hypothesis suggests that a reduced microbial exposure
in early childhood increases the susceptibility to allergic diseases due to deviation
in development of the immune system. TLRs are key roles in the right and healthy
direction of adaptive immunity with the induction of T-helper 2 toward Th1 immune
responses and regulatory T cells. TLR ligand CpG-ODN-based immunomodulation
is independent of allergen and it mainly affects innate immune system. While,
CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide-based vaccination is allergen specific and induces
adaptive immune system. The use of agonists of TLR9 in two distinct strategies of
immunotherapy, immunomodulation and vaccination, could be presented as the
curative method for the treatment of allergic diseases.
First draft submitted: 29 August 2016; Accepted for publication: 8 February 2017;
Published online: 17 March 2017
Keywords:  allergic diseases • immunotherapy • TLR9 • Toll-like receptor