Hypoglossal Schowannoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Introduction: Schawannomas (neuromas, neurilemmomas) are benign tumors originating from showann cells or nerve fiber sheet cells. They are solitary, encapsulated tumors usually attached to, or surrounded by a nerve. Case Report: We present a case of left hypoglossal nerve schwannoma in a 19 year old man who was admitted with progressive left tongue atrophy. Conclusion: Schwannoma of the hypoglossal nerve usually develops in the intracranial and extracranial portion or both in the intracranial and extracranial components forming a dumbbell shape tumor .The peripheral hypoglossal schwannomas are extremely rare

Can opium use contribute to a higher risk of colorectal cancers? A matched case-control study in Iran

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancers (CRCs) including colon, rectum and anal cancers are the third most prevalent cancers in the world. There are strong evidence showing the risk of the cigarette smoking, alcohol use, low physical activity and some types of diets in CRCs; however, few studies explored the relationship between opium use and CRCs. This study aimed to investigate the association between opioid use and the incidence of CRCs. METHODS: In a population-based matched case-control study in Kerman, Iran, 175 patients with colorectal cancers and 350 healthy controls (matched for age, sex, and place of residence) were interviewed from Sep 2014 to Nov 2014. Opium and its derivatives, cigarette, alcohol, and diet use were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: The use of opioids was associated with an increased risk of CRCs (adjusted odds ratio= 4. 5, 95% CI: 2. 4–8. 7). In addition, a dose-response relationship was observed between the cumulative use of opioids and the incidence of CRCs (with low use OR=3. 7; 95% CI: 1. 5–8. 6 and high use OR= 8. 0; 95% CI: 2. 9–21. 7). This dose-response relationship was also strong in patients with colon cancers, with OR= 3. 9 (95% CI: 1. 5–9. 9) and 9. 4 (95% CI: 3. 3–27. 0) for the low and high uses of opioids, respectively. CONCLUSION: Opioid use can lead to an increased risk of CRCs. Therefore, it is necessary to implement preventive policies to control the use of opioids