258 research outputs found
Modelli predittivi per un'archeologia preventiva operativa: note metodologiche e applicazioni
Il presente lavoro, nell'ambito della tematica Analisi avanzate
archeologico e del paesaggio, mostra un insieme di tecniche
utilizzate e casi di studio seguiti, relativi allo sviluppo di alcuni
modelli applicati in ambiti territoriali diversi e con finalità
diverse.
Più nello specifico tali esempi riguardano lo studio di dinamiche
insediative nel bacino idrografico del rio Grande di Nazca, lospaziale applicate a scala regionale ed infine la costruzione di un
nel Tavoliere
Immagini satellitari ad alta risoluzione e ricerca archeologica: applicazioni e casi di studio con riprese pancromatiche e multispettrali di QuickBird
The paper concerns the research activities of the IBAM-CNR and the IMAA-CNR in the field of archaeological remote sensing with the use of very high resolution images of QuickBird, the satellite with the greatest geometrical resolution available for civil use. These images have an enormous potential in the study of ancient urban and territorial contexts and for the identification and spatial characterization of archaeological sites, particularly when aerial photos and recent detailed maps are not available. During the archaeological research in Hierapolis of Phrygia (Turkey) and in southern Italy (Monte Irsi, Monte Serico, Jure Vetere and Metaponto), the examination and the study of panchromatic and multispectral images of QuickBird made it possible to detect surface anomalies and traces linked to ancient buried structures or to paleo-environmental elements; moreover, panchromatic images were georeferenced and used as the base field maps for the survey in Hierapolis, together with GPS systems. The satellite images were analysed both for the identification of archaeological features and for the characterisation of the contexts in which these elements were found. During field work, the traces and the anomalies identified in the images were constantly verified, so as to determine their actual relevance to archaeological elements, to interpret them and, where possible, to specify their chronology, thus avoiding misunderstandings and errors. The images were used in all phases of the research (field work, documentation, data processing and management in GIS environment), in combination with the aerial photographs and the available maps; they were also used for presentation of the results and were draped on DEM for the 3D visualization of the territories and of the archaeological features. In order to highlight particular archaeological traces and anomalies some image processing methodologies were adopted: multispectral processing and algorithms of data fusion (with the integration of the high spatial resolution of panchromatic images with the spectral capability of multispectral images), of enhancement (such as PCA, NDVI and TCT) and edge detection
Ubiquitous Computing e Patrimonio Culturale: dalla fruizione alla salvaguardia
Il contributo propone una sintesi della ricerca internazionale
sull'Ubiquitous Computing dalla fine degli anni '80, periodo
durante il quale muove i primi passi, sino ai giorni nostri. La nuova
sfida, fortemente caratterizzata e basata sui concetti di
localizzazione, contesto e scalabilità è stata accolta dagli
informatici ma anche da chi si occupa di informazione geografica,
di sensoristica, di reti di comunicazione, di telefonia mobile e,
negli ultimi tempi, di Patrimonio Culturale. In particolare si parla
di Location Based Services che, specie negli ultimi anni (in cui)
assumono importanza centrale e diffusa. Si conclude con un
approfondimento sulle applicazioni più recenti relative alla
fruizione ed alla salvaguardia del Patrimonio Culturale, anche
attraverso la partecipazione del cittadino
Un approccio operativo e a basso costo alla protezione del Patrimonio artistico: il sistema zbSens
Il contributo presenta zbSens, tra i più innovativi sistemi di
tracciabilità e protezione del Patrimonio Culturale: i suoi
componenti sono miniaturizzati e non invasivi, low cost, userfriendly
ed a bassissimo consumo energetico. Può essere
facilmente utilizzato per garantire la movimentazione di singole oper
On the Use of Google Earth Engine and Sentinel Data to Detect “Lost” Sections of Ancient Roads. The Case of Via Appia
The currently available tools and services as open
and free cloud resources to process big satellite data opened
up a new frontier of possibilities and applications including
archeological research. These new research opportunities also
pose several challenges to be faced, as, for example, the data
processing and interpretation. This letter is about the assessment
of different methods and data sources to support a visual
interpretation of EO imagery. Multitemporal Sentinel 1 and
Sentinel 2 data sets have been processed to assess their capability
in the detection of buried archeological remains related to some
lost sections of the ancient Via Appia road (herein selected
as case study). The very subtle and nonpermanent features
linked to buried archeological remains can be captured using
multitemporal (intra- and inter-year) satellite acquisitions, but
this requires strong hardware infrastructures or cloud facilities,
today also available as open and free tools as Google Earth Engine
(GEE). In this study, a total of 2948 Sentinel 1 and 743 Sentinel
2 images were selected (from February 2017 to August 2020)
and processed using GEE to enhance and unveil archeological
features. Outputs obtained from both Sentinel 1 and Sentinel
2 have been successfully compared with in situ analysis and
high-resolution Google Earth images
GPR investigations for the study and the restoration of the rose window of Troia Cathedral (southern Italy)
The development of cracks and distortions caused by past seismic events compromised the integrity of the rose window of Troia Cathedral, one of the most precious Romanesque monuments in southern Italy. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) using high-frequency antennae (mainly 1500 MHz) was selected from among various non-destructive testing methods for its high-resolution imaging to scan the internal structure of the various architectural elements of the wheel window: the decimetre-diameter columns constituting the rays, the ring decorated with intersecting arched ribwork and the surrounding circular ashlar curb. GPR was employed in the classical continuous reflection mode, moving the antennae manually along the architectural elements and paying exceptional care in the acquisition and processing stages to avoid positioning errors. Indeed, the challenging aspects
of this case study were the geometrical complexity and small dimensions of the structural elements, causing many logistic/coupling problems. In spite of this, through proper interpretation techniques, based on signal analysis (presence of reflections and diffractions, velocity and attenuation variations) and correlation with features detected by visual inspection of the external surfaces, the GPR survey provided useful information on the internal structure of the rose window, detecting fractures and the boundaries of previously restored parts and locating hidden metallic components connecting the architectural elements. Information on the internal structure and spatial distribution of metallic junctions was essential for gaining insight into building techniques in order to discriminate between restoration strategies which may require either total or partial dismantling of the rose window. GPR
results provided crucial evidence in favour of one of the (conflicting) hypotheses about the original building techniques, leading to the selection of partial dismantling as the most suitable restoration strategy. Analysis of measurements revealed the potential of GPR in the field of cultural heritage restoration, even in those cases characterized by complex geometry, structural brittleness and logistic difficulties, such as that discussed in this paper
A Maxwellian Look beyond Opaque Interfaces
I wonder if James Clerk Maxwell, Scottish mathematical physicist and father of the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation, could have imagined being included on the cover of a book dealing with a sensing technology used to locate the position of buried pipes, to analyze the integrity of buildings, and to uncover ancient archaeological sites [...
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