Parameter estimation and control design of solar maximum power point tracking

Parameters evaluation, design, and intelligent control of the solar photovoltaic model are presented in this work. The parameters of zeta converters such as a rating of an inductor, capacitor, and switches for a particular load are evaluated its values to compare the trade of the existing model and promoted to research in the proposed area. The zeta converter is pulsed through intelligent controller-based maximum power point tracking (intelligent-MPPT). The intelligent controller is a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) which extracts maximum power from the solar panel using the zeta converter. The performance of evaluated parameters based on the solar system and zeta converter is seen by an intelligent control algorithm. Moreover, evaluated parameters of solar photovoltaic (PV) and zeta converter can be examined the performance of fuzzy based intelligent MPPT under transient and steady-state conditions with different solar insolation. The brushless direct current motor-based water pump is used as the direct control (DC) load of the proposed model. The proposed model can enhance the research and assist to develop a new configuration of the present system

Algorithm for power angle control to improve power quality in distribution system using unified power quality conditioner

A novel algorithm is proposed for power angle control (PAC) to improve power quality (PQ) in distribution system. This algorithm reduces mathematical complication and its response time. It has aimed to make the designs of controller. The new concept is incorporates on triangle rules of vector addition/subtraction. The mathematical approach makes the algorithm efficient and comprehensive. The shunt voltage source converter (VSC) of unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) is controlled using instantaneous symmetrical component theory (ISCT). The ISCT enables UPQC to handle unbalanced and non-linear loads. The complete phaser diagram has been shown for various voltage conditions. A vector addition and subtraction-based mathematical calculation has been derived for estimation of different parameters of the proposed system. Proposed PAC can improve PQ in four wire distribution system with maximum utilisation of series VSC of UPQC. A simulation study for voltage sag/swell with the new algorithm for PAC verifies the improved performance of the system. Results have been discussed in detail

Parameters estimation of a series VSC and shunt VSC to design a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC)

Here, parameters is estimated of series and shunt voltage source converter (VSC) to design a three phase three wire UPQC for better understanding of VSC operation. The required parameters that could be considered while designing a UPQC are DC link voltage, capacitor value, shunt interfacing inductance, series interfacing inductance and series capacitance value. As the UPQC incorporates VSC thus, it is also required to design an appropriate switching frequency and ripple filter for both the VSC whereas a auxiliary device, series injection transformer is required to design for series VSC. The VA rating of series VSC is also needed while designing of the series voltage injection transformer. The performance analysis of a designed UPQC has been performed on MATLAB/Simulink

Power conditioning of Distributed Generation system using Unified Power Quality Conditioner

Distributed Generation (DG) system is a futuristic step towards generation of electrical power energy. It is treated as a microgrid, which is integrated with renewable energy resources. The successful implementation of DG in ac distribution system depends on the Power Quality (PQ) of generation. The power conditioning or the power quality of the microgrid is accomplished by Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). The series Voltage Source Converter (VSC) of UPQC can eliminate harmonics of the voltage and can compensate the load reactive power of the DG system. Correspondingly, the shunt VSC of UPQC can eliminate current harmonics and can compensate the load reactive power under nonlinear load conditions. In this work, the Power Angle Controller (PAC) has been used for voltage related problems whereas the Instantaneous Symmetrical Voltage Component Theory (ISVCT) based controller has been used to compensate for the current related problems. Since PAC is incapable of reducing the voltage harmonics, the d-q transformation based controller has been used to extract the voltage harmonics and has been integrated with the PAC. The results have been verified for the effectiveness of the controllers

An Efficient Wireless Sensor Network Based on the ESP-MESH Protocol for Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality Monitoring

The main aim of this work is to establish a sensor MESH network using an ESP-MESH networking protocol with the ESP32 MCU (a Wi-Fi-enabled microcontroller) for indoor and outdoor air quality monitoring in real time. Each sensor node is deployed at a different location on the college campus and includes sensor arrays (CO2, CO, and air quality) interfaced with the ESP32. The ESP-MESH networking protocol is a low-cost, easy-to-implement, medium-range, and low-power option. ESP32 microcontrollers are inexpensive and are used to establish the ESP-MESH network that allows numerous sensor nodes spread over a large physical area to be interconnected under the same wireless network to monitor air quality parameters accurately. The data of different air quality parameters (temperature, humidity, PM2.5, gas concentrations, etc.) is taken (every 2 min) from the indoor and outdoor nodes and continuously monitored for 72 min. A custom time-division multiple-access (TDMA) scheduling scheme for energy efficiency is applied to construct an appropriate transmission schedule that reduces the end-to-end transmission time from the sensor nodes to the router. The performance of the MESH network is estimated in terms of the package loss rate (PLR), package fault rate (PFR), and rate of packet delivery (RPD). The value of the RPD is more than 97%, and the value of the PMR and PER for each active node is less than 1.8%, which is under the limit. The results show that the ESP-MESH network protocol offers a considerably good quality of service, mainly for medium-area networks

An Efficient Wireless Sensor Network Based on the ESP-MESH Protocol for Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality Monitoring

The main aim of this work is to establish a sensor MESH network using an ESP-MESH networking protocol with the ESP32 MCU (a Wi-Fi-enabled microcontroller) for indoor and outdoor air quality monitoring in real time. Each sensor node is deployed at a different location on the college campus and includes sensor arrays (CO2, CO, and air quality) interfaced with the ESP32. The ESP-MESH networking protocol is a low-cost, easy-to-implement, medium-range, and low-power option. ESP32 microcontrollers are inexpensive and are used to establish the ESP-MESH network that allows numerous sensor nodes spread over a large physical area to be interconnected under the same wireless network to monitor air quality parameters accurately. The data of different air quality parameters (temperature, humidity, PM2.5, gas concentrations, etc.) is taken (every 2 min) from the indoor and outdoor nodes and continuously monitored for 72 min. A custom time-division multiple-access (TDMA) scheduling scheme for energy efficiency is applied to construct an appropriate transmission schedule that reduces the end-to-end transmission time from the sensor nodes to the router. The performance of the MESH network is estimated in terms of the package loss rate (PLR), package fault rate (PFR), and rate of packet delivery (RPD). The value of the RPD is more than 97%, and the value of the PMR and PER for each active node is less than 1.8%, which is under the limit. The results show that the ESP-MESH network protocol offers a considerably good quality of service, mainly for medium-area networks

Synthesis and Characterization of Low-Cost Epoxy-Based Erosion Resistant Nanocomposite Coating

We report a simple route to synthesized erosion resistant epoxy-based nanocomposite coatings. The silica nanoparticles were surfaced modified using stearic acid and then incorporated into the epoxy coating. The resulting nanocomposite coating films were characterized for erosion resistance, mechanical and thermal stability. For the application on turbine blades, conventional techniques were used. It was found that for the incorporation of nano silica into the epoxy matrix, surface modification was essential. Besides, incorporation of silica resulted in considerable improvement in the resistance to erosive wear and a life span improvement of around 36 percent was achieved. Similar trend was observed for the Shore D hardness which increases from 60 for the virgin coating to 70 for the nanocomposite coating