Gestational diabetes mellitus: the correlation between umbilical coiling index, and intrapartum as well as neonatal outcomes

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the postnatal umbilical coiling index (pUCI), and intrapartum and neonatal outcomes in parturients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and non-GDM. Methods: An evaluation of the umbilical cords and pUCI of 117 neonates of GDM and 105 of non-GDM parturients were prospectively studied within 24 h after delivery. Furthermore, obstetric history, intrapartum and neonatal data were recorded. Results: Premature rupture of membrane (PROM) (p = 0.001), emergency cesarean delivery (p = 0.01), spontaneous preterm delivery (p = 0.006), duration of hospital admission (p < 0.001), and congenital malformations (p = 0.03) were significantly higher in the GDM group. Moreover, pUCI had a significant association with large for gestational age (LGA) (p = 0.009), and meconium-stained amniotic fluid (p = 0.04) in the GDM group. In addition, increment of pUCI had significant association with spontaneous preterm delivery in both groups (p = 0.002) (OR = 1.23). Conclusions: GDM is associated with spontaneous preterm delivery, PROM, emergency cesarean delivery, duration of hospital admission, and congenital malformations. Increase in pUCI could increase the rate of spontaneous preterm delivery in normal pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by GDM, as well as, the rate of LGA and meconium-stained amniotic fluid in GDM. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Progesterone Release from Electron Beam Crosslinked Silicone Rubber and Study of its Mechanical Properties

Modification of the mechanical properties of silicone rubber were considered for drug delivery systems by using high-energy electron beam (E-beam). In this research work, two different medical grades of silicone rubbers were used to prepare matrices containing 10wt% progesterone with 2 mm thickness and irradiated with E-beam at dose range of 25 up to 200 kGy. Then, the mechanical properties as well as in vitro drug release from matrices were investigated. It was observed that the mechanical properties of matrices increased initially as a function of irradiation dose due to increasing crosslink density and reduction of the molecular weight between the crosslinks and eventually they were leveled off. Also, there was no significant difference in the progesterone release by increasing the irradiation dose. Progesterone crystal modification was not observed during E-beam crosslinking process

Crystallization Behavior of Poly(l-lactide) Films in Presence of Mg(OH)2 and l-Lactide

The effects of magnesium hydroxide and l-lactide dimer as additives on thermal properties and morphology of poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) films were studied. Hence, neat PLLA films and films containing additives (10% w/w) were prepared in dichloromethane at room temperature via solution casting. To evaluate thermal history on polymer properties, PLLA films were annealed by different processes. In one process, designated as A, PLLA films were heated from 20 up 140oC, then held for 1 h and cooled to room temperature. In another process, designated as B, melted PLLA sampleswhich had been maintained at 200oC for 5 min were cooled with a rate of -20oC/min to 140oC and annealed for 1 h before being cooled to room temperature. In the next process designated as C, the melted PLLA samples after5 min of staying at 200oC were being quenched to 0oC. Then the samples were heated to 140oC followed by annealing for 1 h before being cooled to room temperature. The crystallization and morphology properties of PLLAfilms were studied using polarized optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. It is found that the percentage of crystal and spherulitic formation inside PLLA films were influenced by thermal history and presenceof the additives. The type of additives did not affect melting point (Tm) of the films annealed through different processes of A to C, while they had influence on Tm of the films, significantly. It is to be noted that some spheruliteswere formed in films during B process. During C process, however, the nucleation rate increased due to quenching which enhanced the spherulites formation

The influence of yeast level and fermentation temperature on Ochratoxin A decrement during bread making

Ochratoxin A (OTA) occurrence in cereals is a permanent challenge in human health. In recent years, some studies have focused on the role of yeasts as adsorbing tools to eliminate OTA. The aim of the current research was to study the effects of different variables including Saccharomyces cerevisiae amount and the fermentation temperature on the reduction of OTA during bread baking. For this purpose, the OTA was spiked to the flour and then the bread was prepared. OTA levels in flour, dough, and bread were measured by the high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector (HPLC‐FD). The results revealed that yeast level and fermentation temperature had a significant effect on OTA reduction. The increase of the amount of S. cerevisiae from 1% to 2% w/w and the fermentation temperature from 25ºC to 30ºC resulted in the increment of OTA reduction from 31.17% to 59.41%. During baking, OTA reduction was 19.21%. In general, the utilization of 2% w/w S. cerevisiae and the fermentation temperature of 35 ºC could reduce considerable amount of OTA in the wheat bread

PECULIARITIES OF MINERAL EXCHANGE OF LIVER AND STRUCTURE OF THE MESENTERIAL LYMPH NODE OF ADOLESCENT RATS IN CONDITIONS OF LEAD CHRONIC INTOXICATION

The purpose of the research was to detect structural alterations of the mesenteric lymph node of male rats-adolescents taking into account changes in the mineral metabolism against a background of chronic intoxication with lead acetate. Material and methods. The experiment was carried out on 4-week male adolescents Wistar rats (10 rats) receiving per os lead acetate solution at a daily dose of 10 mg / kg body weight for 21 days, animals of the control group (10 rats) received food without heavy metal. The mesenteric lymph node and liver were examined (staining with hematoxylin and eosin, azur II and eosin) by light microscopy and morphometry; bioelement content in the liver was determined using atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled argon plasma. The non-parametric Mann - Whitney U criterion and the Pearson criterion χ² were used as statistical methods Results and discussion. The lymph node changed from an intermediate (in control) into a fragmented functional type that promotes active lymph flow through the sine system of the lymphoid organ. The ratio of T-dependent functional zones of the lymph node decreases. The increase in lead concentration in liver tissues was detected in 100 % of the observations. In 60 % of liver samples, a decrease in the content of potassium and zinc was detected. In 40% cases there was manganese exchange disorder, in 20 % there were deviations in calcium, iodine, phosphorus and silicon amounts. Thus, the chronic effect of lead acetate subacute doses on the body of rat male adolescents results in pronounced shifts in the exchange of bioelements. Against the background of altered biochemical processes, structural and functional rearrangements are formed in the mesenteric lymph node: depression of the immune processing of lymph, activation of the transport function of the organ

Effect of gamma irradiation on Cysticercusbovisin infested cattle carcasses

Taeniasis is one of the parasitic zoonotic diseases that could transmit through the consuming of semi-cooked or raw beef infested with Cysticercosebovis. Irradiation as a safe approach can be applied in order to eliminate parasites from foods. It can be used as a control method to prevent parasitic foodborne diseases. Therefore, in this study the cattle muscles containing live cysts were selected from two slaughterhouses of Alborz province and were subjected for gamma irradiation with different doses (0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1 and 1.5) KGY. Afterwards, the samples were stained with Eosin Methylene-Blue and were observed with light microscope to determine the viability of the cysts. The analysis of data was conducted with SPSS version 22. The results indicated that 0.8, 0.9, 1 and 1.5 KGY doses were capable to inactivate viable cysts significantly, with 72%, 82.6%, 90.9% and 91.6%, respectively. Therefore, 1 KGY is recommended as appropriate dose for elimination of C. bovis