簡易型近赤外分光計による果実及び野菜中の糖度及び酸度の測定

The performance of the compact NIR instrument(Fruit Selector) in determining the total sugar and total acid contents of several fruits and vegetables was tested with comparing of Brix sugar meter and liquid sugar meter for total sugar contents, and titratable acidity and liquid acidimeter for total acid contents. A good correlation was obtained between total sugar contents by Fruit Selector and those by the existing two methods in seven kinds of fruits and vegetables. It was found that the total sugar contents of carrot, radish, onion and eggplant not covered by the instrument could be measured by using Fruit Selector. A good correlation was also obtained between the total acidity by Fruit Selector and those by titratable acidity in 3 kinds of fruits and vegetables. It was shown that the total acid contents of pineapple and kiwi fruits not covered by the instrument could be measured by using Fruit Selector. We tried to develop a calibration equation that relates the total sugar content (Brix) to the spectra of banana fruit, and found that the total sugar contents of banana fruit might be estimated by using Fruit Selector under a suitable calibration equation

可食性のブドウ若芽の数種ビタミン類とポリフェノール含量及びその利用

The contents of vitamins, polyphenol, and antioxidant activities by ABTS method in young buds of 9 cultivars of grapes(Vitis spp. ; Beniizu, Aki Queen, Oriental Star, Honney Venus, Shine Muscat, Kyoho, Takao, Muscat Bailey A, Fujiminori)found in the nipped bud, were investigated. Vitamin B1 content of young buds of 9 kinds grapes averaged 0.08mg/100g fresh weight, withMuscat Bailey A(0.04mg/100g)containing about half as much as the others. The average B2 content was 0.02mg/100g and did not differ between 9 cultivars. The average contents of niacin, vitamin B6 and total vitamin C were 1.5mg/100g, 0.06mg/100g and 111mg/100g, respectively. Polyphenol content expressed as garic acid and the antioxidant activities averaged 770mg/100gand 26mmolTorox-eq/100g, respectively, and the polyphenol content and antioxidant activity ofOriental Star were about twice as much as the others. Resveratrol content averaged 6.8μg/g with Takao and Kyoho containing double the concentration of the others. The antioxidant activities were correlated with the polyphenol contents. After deep-frying, polyphenol and vitamin Ccontents decreased about 40%, and as the taste was good without any bitterness, the usefulness of the nipped bud was shown