4 research outputs found

    A Development of a Microscale Experiment of Stoichiometry by Active Learning in High School, Part 3

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    この研究の目的は、高等学校新学習指導要領で謳われている主体的・対話的で深い学びを生徒に保障するための、一連のマイクロスケール実験の開発である。大阪府立長尾高等学校では、理科研究部を中心に、市販の安価な小型電子天秤(測定精度:0.01 g)を用いた、従来よりも少量かつ安価で実施可能なマイクロスケール実験を開発してきた。とりわけ、化学基礎の教科書の「化学反応の量的関係(炭酸カルシウムと塩酸との反応)」の実験に着目した。2021 年 2 月、測定精度が 0.001 g の市販の安価な小型電子天秤を用いて、前述実験のマイクロスケール化に生徒主体型学習で継続して取り組むに当たり、理科研究部員が有志生徒を交えてブレイン・ストーミング(KJ 法を含む)を約 90 分間実施した。1/5、1/6 スケールなどの独創的な発想が得られたが、新型コロナウイルスの感染拡大のため、2021 年度に入っても通常の部活動ができなかった。そこで、実験で用いる器具の操作や扱う生成した二酸化炭素の最小質量の相対誤差等を検討し、斬新な発想のうちホールピペットを用いた 1/6 スケール(前述相対誤差:1.4 %)でのみ検証実験し、その妥当性を確認した。さらに、前述のブレイン・ストーミング(KJ 法を含む)、並びにマイクロスケール実験の開発という生徒の探究過程は、高等学校新学習指導要領で謳われている主体的・対話的で深い学びそのものであると確信する。The objective of this study is to improve the microscale experiment of stoichiometry in high school, which was developed in a previous work. We tried to make the microscale experimental errors smaller by active learning. Active learning is a new and key concept of the revised Course of Study defined by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology-Japan in 2018. The developed microscale experiment using a small electronic scale with ±0.01 g precision, which uses small quantities of reagents, includes the reaction of calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid to form carbon dioxide. It is a scale-down 1/4 model of the normal scale experiment described in a textbook of “Basic Chemistry” in the Course of Study mentioned above. In January of 2021, we obtained new small electronic scales with ±0.001 g precision and in February, the project team of four students conducted brainstorming, including using the KJmethod, to get new ideas. Through the brainstorming process (for about 90 minutes), we got original solutions, such as 1/5 scale, 1/6 scale and so on, which the science club members had never known. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, we had spent too little time on the club activities. We could only choose the “1/6 scale experiment” solution from what we got, as students can easily use tools of the experiment and the relative error of 1.4 % (carbon dioxide) of the measure of the scale in the case of 1/6 scale experiments is sufficiently small. We verified the idea by experiment. As a result of the experiments, it is concluded that the 1/6 scale experiment of stoichiometry using a volumetric pipette and the electronic scale with ±0.001 g precision is good enough. We are also convinced that the brainstorming including using the KJ method, and the improved microscale experiment work well for active learning in high school chemistry classes.departmental bulletin pape
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