Higgs inflation and suppression of axion isocurvature perturbation

We point out that cosmological constraint from the axion isocurvature perturbation is relaxed if the Higgs field obtains a large field value during inflation in the DFSZ axion model. This scenario is consistent with the Higgs inflation model, in which two Higgs doublets have non-minimal couplings and play a role of inflaton.Comment: 5 pages; added reference

Nuclear coalescence from correlation functions

We derive a simple formula relating the cross section for light cluster production (defined via a coalescence factor) to the two-proton correlation function measured in heavy-ion collisions. The formula generalises earlier coalescence-correlation relations found by Scheibl & Heinz and by Mrowczynski for Gaussian source models. It motivates joint experimental analyses of Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) and cluster yield measurements in existing and future data sets.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures. v2: some clarifications. A missing (2\pi)^3 normalization factor, relating diff cross sec to density matrix traces, is corrected in Secs.II.A and II.B. It does not affect any of the result

Gravitational waves from bubble dynamics: Beyond the Envelope

We study gravitational-wave production from bubble dynamics (bubble collisions and sound waves) during a cosmic first-order phase transition with an analytic approach. We first propose modeling the system with the thin-wall approximation but without the envelope approximation often adopted in the literature, in order to take bubble propagation after collisions into account. The bubble walls in our setup are considered as modeling the scalar field configuration and/or the bulk motion of the fluid. We next write down analytic expressions for the gravitational-wave spectrum, and evaluate them with numerical methods. It is found that, in the long-lasting limit of the collided bubble walls, the spectrum grows from $\propto f^3$ to $\propto f^1$ in low frequencies, showing a significant enhancement compared to the one with the envelope approximation. It is also found that the spectrum saturates in the same limit, indicating a decrease in the correlation of the energy-momentum tensor at late times. We also discuss the implications of our results to gravitational-wave production both from bubble collisions (scalar dynamics) and sound waves (fluid dynamics).Comment: 94 pages, 39 figures, JCAP published versio

e+e^+ and pˉ\bar{p} production in pppp collisions and the cosmic-ray e+/pˉe^+/\bar{p} flux ratio

Secondary astrophysical production of $e^+$ and $\bar{p}$ cosmic rays is considered. Inclusive $\pi$, $K$, and $\bar{p}$ production cross sections in $pp$ collisions at large $\sqrt{s}$ are parametrised using recent experimental data at LHC energies. The astrophysical production rate ratio $Q_{e^+}/Q_{\bar{p}}$ is calculated for an input cosmic ray proton flux consistent with local measurements. At $10<E<100$$\sim$GeV the cosmic ray flux ratio $J_{e^+}/J_{\bar{p}}$ measured by AMS02 falls below the production rate ratio by about 50\%, while at high energy $E>100$$\sim$GeV the measured flux ratio coincides with the production rate ratio of the secondary source.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

A CORPUS-BASED ANALYSIS OF HEDGES AND BOOSTERS IN ENGLISH ACADEMIC ARTICLES

The present study examined research articles from eight academic disciplines to measure the frequencies and functions of hedges and boosters. The quantitative results showed that hedges exceeded boosters, with philosophy articles showing a significant use of hedges and boosters. The natural science papers were underrepresented in the number of hedges and boosters. Moreover, the results indicated that the choices the writers make seem to be constrained by the discourse norms and rhetorical styles of each discipline and reflect the nature of different disciplinary characteristics. The humanities and social sciences are basically more interpretative and less abstract, a style that requires more hedges and boosters and opts for subjectivity, whereas natural sciences are typically more fact-oriented and more impersonal, which is accompanied by fewer hedges and boosters and opts for objectivity. This was confirmed by a further analysis that showed that the relative incidence of hedges of the possibility/ probability category in adjectives and adverbs was the highest in humanities and the lowest in natural sciences. Moreover, the relative incidence of hedges of the tentative cognition category in nouns and verbs was the highest in humanities and social sciences and the lowest in natural sciences.