Comparison of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and emotion-focused therapy on anxiety sensitivity in cardiac patients

Introduction: The role of anxiety sensitivity in the clinical course of many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, has been confirmed, which can cause and develop a variety of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy on Anxiety Sensitivity in cardiac patients    . Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population was all patients referred to Dr. Heshmat Rasht hospital during February to March 2019. Sampling method was used to select the samples and then the samples were randomly divided into two experimental and one control group. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance by SPSS software, version 25.Results: outcomes showed that acceptance and commitment therapy and emotion focused therapy were effective on Anxiety sensitivity(P = 0.000). also the results of the covariance showed that, there was a significant difference between the groups' adjusted averages for Anxiety sensitivity (ETA=0.910, P = 0.000, F(2,41)= 208.387). In other words, there is a significant difference between the two experimental methods on Anxiety sensitivity in cardiac patients (acceptance and commitment therapy and emotion-focused therapy) with the control group. Conclusions: Anxiety sensitivity plays a predisposing, accelerating, and sustaining role in cardiovascular disease, and training in the above treatments can play an important role as adjunctive and rehabilitation therapy alongside medical treatments.                                                           &nbsp

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment based Therapy and Emotion-focused Therapy on Adherence to Treatment in Cardiac Patients

Introduction:The role of adherence to treatment in many chronic diseases, including heart disease, has been confirmed. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy on adherence to treatment in Cardiac Patients.Method: This is a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of all patients referring to Dr. HeshmatRasht Hospital during February to March 2019 were available by purposeful sampling methodand then the samples were randomly divided into two experimental and one control groups. Data collection tools were demographic questionnaire and standardized adherence to treatment questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance by SPSS software, version 25.Results: outcomes showed that acceptance and commitment therapy and emotion focused therapy were effective on Adherence to treatment (P<0.001). Also, the results of the covariance showed that, there was a significant difference between the groups' adjusted averages for adherence (ETA= 0.804, P= 0.001, F (2,41)=83.904). In other words, there is a significant difference between the two experimental methods onAdherence to treatment in cardiac patients (acceptance and commitment therapy and emotion-focused therapy) with the control group.Conclusion:According to the results of this study, training of above mentioned therapies can play an important role as adjunctive and rehabilitation therapy along with medical treatments by increasing adherence to treatment

Stress Level and Smoking Status in Central Iran: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program

<p class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Individuals are faced with numerous stressful life events which can negatively influence mental health. Many individuals use smoking as a means of confronting stress. Given the relatively high prevalence of smoking in central Iran, the present study was conducted to compare stress levels in smokers, non-smokers and those who had quit smoking.</p> <p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; METHODS:</strong><strong> </strong>This study was conducted as part of Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Program on 9752 individuals in the cities of Isfahan, Arak, and Najafabad in 2008. Sampling was performed using multi-stage cluster randomization method. Data on age, sex, demographic characteristics, and smoking status was collected through interviews. Stress level detected by General Health questionnaire.Logistic regression and chi- squere test was used for data analyzing<strong>.</strong></p> <p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; RESULTS:</strong> In the present study, 30% of non-smokers, 32.1% ex- smoker and 36.9% of smokers had GHQ of 4 and higher (P = 0.01). In regression analysis, the final model which was controlled for age, sex, socioeconomic statues (including place of residence, marital status and education level) showed that the odds ratio of stress in smokers and ex- smoker was significantly higher than in non-smokers (OR = 1.66 and OR = 1.12, respectively).<strong></strong></p> <p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; </strong><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Since in conducted studies, mental problems and stresses have had an important role in people&rsquo;s smoking, it seems suitable to use the results of this study to present intervention for correct methods of coping with stress towards reducing the prevalence of smoking in the community.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Keywords:</strong> Cigarette, Stress, Community-based Program.</p

A localized Newton basis functions meshless method for the numerical solution of the 2D nonlinear coupled Burgers' equations

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to introduce a local Newton basis functions collocation method for solving the 2D nonlinear coupled Burgers' equations. It needs less computer storage and flops than the usual global radial basis functions collocation method and also stabilizes the numerical solutions of the convectiondominated equations by using the Newton basis functions.Design/methodology/approach - A meshless method based on spatial trial space spanned by the local Newton basis functions in the "native" Hilbert space of the reproducing kernel is presented. With the selected local sub-clusters of domain nodes, an approximation function is introduced as a sum of weighted local Newton basis functions. Then the collocation approach is used to determine weights. The method leads to a systemof ordinary differential equations (ODEs) for the time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs).Findings - The method is successfully used for solving the 2D nonlinear coupled Burgers' equations for reasonably high values of Reynolds number (Re). It is a well-known issue in the analysis of the convectiondiffusion problems that the solution becomes oscillatory when the problem becomes convection-dominated if the standard methods are followed without special treatments. In the proposed method, the authors do not detect any instability near the front, hence no technique is needed. The numerical results show that the proposed method is efficient, accurate and stable for flow with reasonably high values of Re.Originality/value - The authors used more stable basis functions than the standard basis of translated kernels for representing of kernel-based approximants for the numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs). The local character of the method, having a well-structured implementation including enforcing the Dirichlet and Neuman boundary conditions, and producing accurate and stable results for flow with reasonably high values of Re for the numerical solution of the 2D nonlinear coupled Burgers' equations without any special technique are the main values of the paper

Strategic Factors of Household Solid Waste Segregation at Source Program, Awareness and Participation of Citizens of the 3 Municipality District of Tehran

Background and Objective: Solving the problems caused by household solid waste and its management without the continuous cooperation of the citizens as the main producers of household solid waste is impossible. The aims of this study were to define strategic factors of Household Solid Waste Segregation at Source Program and the level of awareness and participation of citizens in the program.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study we interviewed 640 citizens of the 3 Municipality District of Tehran. Internal Factor Evaluation and External Factor Evaluation matrices were used to assess the strategic factors of the program.Results: Of 640 participants, 517 (80.8%) were aware of the program, and 383 (59.9%) participated in the program. Among participants 628 (98.1%) were well-informed about the correlation between implementation of the program and environmental health promotion. People between 35 to 45 years showed the most participation rate.Conclusion: This study showed that citizens showed acceptable awareness of the program and evaluation of internal and external factors indicated high potential to increase public participation in the program.</p

Radial basis functions method for solving the fractional diffusion equations

Fractional order diffusion equations are generalizations of classical diffusion equations, treating super-diffusive flow processes. The paper presents a meshless method based on spatial trial spaces spanned by the radial basis functions (RBFs) for the numerical solution of a class of initial-boundary value fractional diffusion equations with variable coefficients on a finite domain. The space fractional derivatives are defined by using RiemannLiouville fractional derivative. We first provide Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives for the five kinds of RBFs, including the Powers, Gaussian, Multiquadric, Matern and Thin-plate splines, in one dimension. The time-dependent fractional diffusion equation is discretized in space with the RBF collocation method and the remaining system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is advanced in time with an ODE method using a method of lines approach. Some numerical results are given in order to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the method. Additionally, some physical properties of this fractional diffusion system are simulated, which further confirm the effectiveness of our method. The stability of the linear systems arising from discretizing Riemann-Liouville fractional differential operator with RBFs is also analysed. (c) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

The Relation of Anxiety, Depression, and Happiness with Binge Eating Disorder among Binge Eating Applicants of Weight-Loss

Background: This descriptive study sought to assess the relation of anxiety, depression, and happiness with binge eating disorders (BED) among overweight and obese individuals. Methods: To conduct this study, 200 individuals who referred to Nutrition Clinics in Isfahan, were selected randomly. They were asked to complete some&nbsp; questionnaires which were then scored according to Gormally scale. Respondents with scores of 17 and higher were selected as BED and entered&nbsp; the study. Final sample size consisted of 120 participants (28 men and 92 women). The management tools were Gormally et al.'s, the Oxford Happiness, Beck Depression Inventory, and the Kettel anxiety questionnaires. Results: Statistical assessment consisted of descriptive statistics, pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regressions, and Fisher&rsquo;s Z test. Results showed that BED had significant and linear correlations with depression (r = 0.51), happiness (r = 0.27), and anxiety ( r = 0.24) (all P < 0.01). Depression as the only included factor for analysis explained 25% of the analysis variance. Although, BED had a positive correlation with depression, anxiety, and happiness among men (P < 0.05) and women (P < 0.01), it did not have any association with either of the three mentioned factors (Z = 0.50, Z = -1.15, and Z = 0.62, respectively). It was shown that depression, anxiety, and absence of happiness had important roles in the process of weight reduction among applicants of weight loss. Conclusions: Anxiety and depression lead to over-eating and over-eating inturn reinforces both depression and anxiety

Factors Affecting the Success of Mentoring Programs for Anesthesia Technology Students: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Research results have shown that there are various factors in the success of guidance programs. Ignorance of these success factors can lead to the failure of these guidance programs. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effective factors in the success of guidance programs for intelligence students. Methods: This article is a systematic review. To retrieve related studies, keywords related to mentor, mentoring, academic success, nurse anesthetist, etc.) with success factors in intelligence guidance programs in Scopus, PubMed, WOS, CINAHL, ERIC, Cochrane, Magiran, SID, Iranian Medical Articles Bank and Google Scholar search engine were investigated with the criteria of finding articles in Persian and English that referred to the guidance program for intelligence students in medical centers during the years 1990 to 2021. Results: After removing duplicate articles, 1077 studies were screened, and according to the prisma checklist, 13 articles were eligible for inclusion and analysis in the study. Based on the results, the mentoring relationship consists of three stages before the start, during and after the completion of the program. Observing the principles of guidance at every stage leads to the formation of success in guidance. Success factors are generally categorized into four areas: personal, motivational, educational and environmental. To point out some of the characteristics of success in mentoring, it is possible to match mentor (mentor) and mentee (disciple), determine responsibilities and goals, enthusiasm, availability, non-judgement and criticism of mentor and disciple, providing constructive feedback and having awareness of He mentioned his attitude and geographical and cultural factors. Conclusion: In order to achieve success in intelligence mentoring, it should be noted that at the very beginning, people are compatible with each other, as well as know each other's responsibilities and goals so that they can design the continuation of the mentoring program. This issue shows the higher importance of the stage before starting mentoring (the first stage) and the individual field compared to the rest of the stages and areas