継承語年少学習者と第二言語学習者 : ロシア語教育の方法

<p>(G1) (Normal control group); (G2) (Ulcer control group); (G3) (Omeprazole); (G4) (62.5 mg/kg), (G5) (125 mg/kg), (G6) (250 mg/kg) and (G7) (500 mg/kg) of <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> extract. HSP70 protein was over-expressed in rats pre-treated with omeprazole or <i>V</i>. <i>pubescens</i> extract (brown color shows over-expression of HSP70 protein) (magnification 20×). There were 6 rats in each group of experiment. The Image J program was used to evaluate protein expression. All values are expressed as the means ± the standard error of mean. The mean difference was significant at the <i>p < 0</i>.<i>05</i> level compared to the cancer control group.</p

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家族看護学が看護の専門領域として確立され発展していくため,今後の研究の方向性を明らかにしたいと,国内外の家族および家族看護学に関する文献の数量的動向と研究領域別文献概観を行った結果,国内外ともに家族,家族の健康,家族援助に関する研究報告は増加傾向にあり,家族への関心の高まりと実践上の必要性が反映されていた。また,わが国では高齢化社会における家族援助の要求が家族看護学の確立を促していること,今後は家族を対象とした評価方法の開発や援助に関する予防的・実践的研究が求められていることが示唆された。The review of the literature on family nursing through numerical trend and research fields was done to know how to establish and develop nursing specialty in this area. The followings were suggested. 1) The researches concerning family, family health, and family practice were increasing in both inside and outside of Japan. 2) ln U. S. A., family nursing was developed in the field of maternal-child and psychiatric nursing, introducing family system theory. In Japan family nursing is rather essential in the field of home care for the aeed, due to aging population. 3) Further researches on development of assessment tool, intervention and social support are necessary, especially by preventive and practical points of view

Effect of AMDCP on the level of MDA in the gastric mucosal homogenates from rats.

<p>Groups 1, 2 and 3 represent the negative control group, the ethanol control group and the reference control group, respectively. The experimental groups are presented as groups 4–8. All values are expressed as the means ± standard error of the mean. Mean difference is significant at the <i>p</i><0.05 level (one-way between groups ANOVA with post-hoc analysis). * significant when compared with the group 2. # significant when compared with the group 3.</p

Effect of the complex on gastric tissue glycoprotein-PAS staining (20x).

<p>The negative control group (A), the ulcer control group (B), the reference group (omeprazole, 20 mg/kg) (C), rats received 10 mg/kg of the complex (D), rats received 20 mg/kg of the complex (E), rats received 40 mg/kg of the complex (F), and rats received 80 mg/kg of the complex (G). Magenta color in the apical epithelial cells in the treated groups with the compound (groups 4–6) shows gradual increase in mucosal secretion of gastric glands. The intense secretion of mucus in gastric glands is demonstrated in group 7. The arrow points to the glycoprotein accumulation.</p

Effects of the complex on malondialdehyde (MDA), prostaglandin E2 (PGE₂) and protein concentration (A, B and C).

<p>Groups 1 to 3 represent the negative control group, the ulcer control group and the reference control group (omeprazole, 20 mg/kg), respectively. The experimental groups received 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg of the complex are presented as groups 4–7, respectively. All values are expressed as mean ± standard error mean. Mean difference is significant at the <i>p</i><0.05 level (one-way between groups ANOVA with post-hoc analysis). * significant when compared with the group 2. # significant when compared with the group 3.</p

Histological sections in acute toxicity test (H & E staining, 20x).

<p>Histological sections of liver (first row) and kidney (second row) in acute toxicity test. Rats treated with 5 mL/kg vehicle (10% Tween 20) (A and D). Rats treated with 500 mg/kg (5 mL/kg) the Copper (II) complex (B and E). Rats treated with 2000 g/kg (5 mL/kg) the Copper (II) complex (C and F). There is no significant differences in structures of liver and kidney between treated and control groups.</p

Immunohistochemical analysis of Hsp70 and Bax proteins expression in the stomachs of rats with ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions.

<p>Immunohistochemical staining of the Hsp70 proteins (First row) and Bax proteins (second row); the negative control group (A and D), the ethanol control group (B and E) and the treated group with 20 mg/kg AMDCP (C and F). Arrows indicate the proteins <i>in situ</i> (10x).</p

Immunohistochemical analysis of expression of Bax proteins (20x).

<p>The negative control group (A), the ulcer control group (B), the reference group (omeprazole, 20 mg/kg) (C), rats received 10 mg/kg of the complex (D), rats received 20 mg/kg of the complex (E), rats received 40 mg/kg of the complex (F), and rats received 80 mg/kg of the complex (G). Immunohistochemistry staining of Bax proteins shows down-expression of Bax protein in D-G. The arrow points to the Bax protein accumulation.</p

Chemical structure of Cu(BrHAP)₂.

<p>Chemical structure of Cu(BrHAP)₂.</p

Effect of AMDCP on protein concentration in the gastric mucosal homogenates from rats.

<p>Groups 1, 2 and 3 represent the negative control group, the ethanol control group and the reference control group, respectively. The experimental groups are presented as groups 4–8. All values are expressed as the means ± standard error of the mean. Mean difference is significant at the <i>p</i><0.05 level (one-way between groups ANOVA with post-hoc analysis). * significant when compared with the group 2. # significant when compared with the group 3.</p