Why place Māori children with Māori caregivers? : a dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Social Work (Applied) Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

This qualitative study explores the concepts of customary care, recognising the Maori worldview and emphasising the value of placing Maori children with Maori caregivers. It examines the establishment of the Matua Whangai Programme in the context of the social/political issues of the 1980-1990s and the impact of legislation and reports on the placement of Maori children outside of whanau. The participants in this study were three caregivers m the Matua Whangai Programme. They each had experience of customary care practice in their own whanau and who generalised this experience in the context of the Matua Whangai programme. In this community, the Matua Whangai programme ran from 1985 to 1991. The study shows that when the programme was disestablished, not only did Maori children lose access to whanau whangai (foster families), the community also lost tribal linkages, both locally and nationally, along with effective networks with other social and governmental agencies established by Matua Whangai within the Lower South Islan

Oral History Interview: Mary F. Montgomery

This interview is one of series conducted concerning Oral Histories of African-American women who taught in West Virginia public schools. Mary F. Montgomery began teaching in the 1950s at Bluff City Elementary School in Virginia. She gives us very detailed information about her family throughout the interview, including the illness and death of her mother. She also provides detailed information about her education, which included Lawson Street Elementary and Bluefield State College, and she tells us about being a member of Delta Sigma Theta (a group of college educated women that stand for public service). She gives us very detailed information about her employment history (including a job at Bluefield Sanitarium) and her teaching career, and describes: a discrimination trial she was involved in after several black teachers were dismissed from their job in Giles County, Virginia; the desegregation of schools; a change she saw in school children after people removed prayer from school and banned old forms of discipline; teachers she knew; her students; different needs and treatment of black and white students when she lived in Giles County; and her philosophy of teaching. The Civil Rights Movement, the Women\u27s Movement, and race relations are also discussed. There are numerous other discussion points, such as: anecdotes and information about her life while teaching in Oakvale, West Virginia; church and church activities; social organizations and events; her self-perceptions and her feelings about her life; other organizations she belonged to; her driving experiences and getting a car; her friends; major events that changed her life; her retirement; World War II; her views on her life in general; as well as numerous others. The interview also includes a poem she wrote.https://mds.marshall.edu/oral_history/1585/thumbnail.jp

Connecticut Thrives: Reimagining Community Health Workers - A Gap Analysis For Pediatric Behavioral Health In Connecticut And Proposed Workforce Recommendations

Children and families across the United States are facing incredible obstacles as they navigate siloed systems, like healthcare and education, to achieve overall health. This program projection analyzes current local and national trends in pediatric mental and behavioral health services in order to make a recommendation for the state of Connecticut to achieve more supportive and holistic care for children, with behavioral health needs, and their families. The program projected here is: Connecticut Thrives. This program is intended to work with existing state structures to utilize Community Health Workers for the intended purpose of ensuring seamless healthcare. Taking a social determinants of health lens, the program operates in a sustainable function to promote overall wellbeing for children and families in the state. CT Thrives is committed to help sustainably ensure children and families across Connecticut receive adequate services to meet mental health needs with the understanding that there is a multilayer system at play. This objective is met by implementing barrier reduction to social services, with comprehensive care coordination and support for the entire family. In partnership with a proposed framework called the Health Enhancement Communities (HEC), CT Thrives will comprehensively and sustainably meet the needs of Connecticut families to create the conditions for thriving children. The program functions on 4 essential components: connections between schools, families and home, use of community health workers, an innovative funding stream, and operating on positive aspects of previous state programs

Alien Registration- Montgomery, Mary J. (Medway, Penobscot County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/8091/thumbnail.jp

Do Masculinity and Perceived Condom Barriers Predict Heterosexual HIV Risk Behaviors Among Black Substance Abusing Men?

Although HIV prevention during substance abuse treatment is ideal, existing HIV risk-reduction interventions are less effective among Black and other ethnic minority substance abusers. The Sexual Health Model (SHM) and the Person, Extended Family and Neighborhood-3 model (PEN-3) both highlight the importance of increasing our understanding of the relationship of sociocultural factors to sexual-decision making as a step towards developing more HIV prevention interventions for ethnic minorities. However, few studies examine sociocultural factors in the sexual decision-making process of Black substance abusing men. This secondary analysis of data collected in an evaluation of Real Men Are Safe (REMAS), a HIV prevention intervention, in the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN) addressed this gap by examining the relation of two specific sociocultural factors (i.e., masculinity and perceived barriers to condom use) to the self-reported sexual behaviors of Black substance abusing men with their main and casual female partners. Analyses of the baseline data of 126 Black men entering substance abuse treatment revealed that the endorsement of both personal and social masculinity predicted more unprotected sexual occasions (USO) with casual partners. The perception that condoms decreased sexual pleasure also predicted higher USO rates with casual partners. However, fewer partner barriers was not associated with USO among casual partners as expected. Neither the endorsement of social or personal masculinity or perceived condom barriers predicted USO with main partners. The findings suggest that interventions that depict condom use as both pleasurable and congruent with Black male perceptions of masculinity may be more effective with Black substance abusing men

The quantity-quality transition in Asia

Societies in which fertility is falling and human capital investment per child increasing are experiencing a “quantity-quality transition.” Such transitions imply, over the long term, both slower rates of labor force growth and higher levels of human capital per worker. They are fundamental to economic development. Yet, these transitions are neither automatic or self-propelling. Their momentum depends on competing forces acting at both the family and the macroeconomic levels; the balance can easily tip against further transition. Family decisions about schooling are largely motivated by its private economic returns. These returns are determined in labor markets, and here the logic of supply and demand applies. When families decide to invest more deeply in their children, they collectively produce right-ward shifts in the supply of educated young labor. If other things are held fixed, the rate of return to schooling should then fall, and this, in turn, should dampen parental enthusiasm for further educational investments. Reductions in the rate of return should also weaken the case for continued reductions in fertility. Unless they are counterbalanced by other forces, such negative feedbacks would tend to bring a quantity-quality transition to a halt. The aim of this paper is to explore both the negative and positive feedbacks that have affected the quantity-quality transition in Asia. We assemble the leading hypotheses and evidence on the macroeconomic forces, both domestic and international, that could influence returns to schooling. We also examine family factors, giving particular attention to the intergenerational links that seem to have maintained the momentum of the Asian transition. Our conclusion is that negative feedbacks associated with increases in the relative supplies of educated labor have been largely offset by beneficial macroeconomic change (resulting from increases in the stock of physical capital, substantial technological change, and trade) and by powerful family-level effects that, over the generations, have continued to propel the transition

We accept you, one of us?: punk rock, community, and individualism in an uncertain era, 1974-1985

This dissertation is a study of a musical subculture and how it illuminates changing ideas of self and society in a pivotal decade in U.S. history. Punk rock burst onto the Atlantic music world in the 1970s in defiance of existing rock aesthetics and practices but proceeded to challenge the status quo in many realms of society, culture, and politics. This work examines punk in New York, Los Angeles, and Washington, D.C., and is interdisciplinary, drawing on cultural geography, literary theory, and performance ethnography. The project analyzes a variety of sources, including oral history, printed texts, and visual and audio culture. While this range of methods and theories is useful, they are grounded in history’s emphasis on context, narrative, and change over time. By examining punk in a historical context, the dissertation makes two broad claims. First, punks were descendants of an extended line of American cultural rebels – including bohemians, beats, and hippies – who rejected their middle-class roots and sought alternative forms of self-fashioning. Second, punk rockers belonged to an international cohort in the 1970s seeking new sources of belonging as trust in traditional sources of community waned. With its increased emphasis on self-actualization and self-definition, the 1970s – and punk rock – therefore marked a critical juncture in the history of the self in America. Punk rock began as simple efforts by individual, unconnected people to make music that fulfilled them, something they hoped might revitalize the music industry. Over time, these discrete and disparate people and labors grew into a subculture whose music, publications, art, and lifestyle became a powerful critique of not only the music business but also the family, institutional authority, suburbia, dominant gender mores, and mainstream consumerism. Aesthetically diverse, a punk sensibility valued individuality above all else and allowed participants to be alternately angry, cynical, ironic, or hedonistically joyful. Despite punk rockers’ best efforts, these attributes they wore on their sleeves – individualism, apathy, hedonism, and irony – could not mask their very strong desires for existential meaning, a yearning to belong to something worthwhile. Punks came together in an inherently unstable community celebrating individualism

A broadly applicable method to characterize large DNA viruses and adenoviruses based on the DNA polymerase gene

BACKGROUND: Many viral pathogens are poorly characterized, are difficult to culture or reagents are lacking for confirmatory diagnoses. We have developed and tested a robust assay for detecting and characterizing large DNA viruses and adenoviruses. The assay is based on the use of degenerate PCR to target a gene common to these viruses, the DNA polymerase, and sequencing the products. RESULTS: We evaluated our method by applying it to fowl adenovirus isolates, catfish herpesvirus isolates, and largemouth bass ranavirus (iridovirus) from cell culture and lymphocystis disease virus (iridovirus) and avian poxvirus from tissue. All viruses with the exception of avian poxvirus produced the expected product. After optimization of extraction procedures, and after designing and applying an additional primer we were able to produce polymerase gene product from the avian poxvirus genome. The sequence data that we obtained demonstrated the simplicity and potential of the method for routine use in characterizing large DNA viruses. The adenovirus samples were demonstrated to represent 2 types of fowl adenovirus, fowl adenovirus 1 and an uncharacterized avian adenovirus most similar to fowl adenovirus 9. The herpesvirus isolate from blue catfish was shown to be similar to channel catfish virus (Ictalurid herpesvirus 1). The case isolate of largemouth bass ranavirus was shown to exactly match the type specimen and both were similar to tiger frog virus and frog virus 3. The lymphocystis disease virus isolate from largemouth bass was shown to be related but distinct from the two previously characterized lymphocystis disease virus isolates suggesting that it may represent a distinct lymphocystis disease virus species. CONCLUSION: The method developed is rapid and broadly applicable to cell culture isolates and infected tissues. Targeting a specific gene for in the large DNA viruses and adenoviruses provide a common reference for grouping the newly identified viruses according to relatedness to sequences of reference viruses and the submission of the sequence data to GenBank will build the database to make the BLAST analysis a valuable resource readily accessible by most diagnostic laboratories. We demonstrated the utility of this assay on viruses that infect fish and birds. These hosts are phylogenetically distant from mammals yet, sequence data suggests that the assay would work equally as well on mammalian counterparts of these groups of viruses. Furthermore, we demonstrated that obtaining genetic information on routine diagnostic samples has great potential for revealing new virus strains and suggesting the presence of new species

Quality of care and health professional burnout: narrative literature review.

PURPOSE: Quality of care and health professional burnout are important issues in their own right, however, relatively few studies have examined both. The purpose of this paper is to explore quality of care and health professional burnout in hospital settings. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The paper is a narrative literature review of quality of care and health professional burnout in hospital settings published in peer-reviewed journals between January 2000 and March 2013. Papers were identified via a search of PsychInfo, PubMed, Embase and CINNAHL electronic databases. In total, 30 papers which measured and/or discussed both quality of care and health professional burnout were identified. FINDINGS: The paper provides insight into the key health workforce-planning issues, specifically staffing levels and workloads, which impact upon health professional burnout and quality of care. The evidence from the review literature suggests that health professionals face heavier and increasingly complex workloads, even when staffing levels and/or patient-staff ratios remain unchanged. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The narrative literature review suggests that weak retention rates, high turnover, heavy workloads, low staffing levels and/or staffing shortages conspire to create a difficult working environment for health professionals, one in which they may struggle to provide high-quality care and which may also contribute to health professional burnout. The review demonstrates that health workforce planning concerns, such as these, impact on health professional burnout and on the ability of health professionals to deliver quality care. The review also demonstrates that most of the published papers published between 2000 and 2013 addressing health professional burnout and quality of care were nursing focused