The phylogeny of the mammalian heme peroxidases and the evolution of their diverse functions-5

He entire dataset. The bootstrap support values from 1000 replicates are shown on all nodes. (b) Resolved phylogeny following site stripping, the cow sequence for LPO can be seen to take an unusual place on the phylogeny.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The phylogeny of the mammalian heme peroxidases and the evolution of their diverse functions"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/101</p><p>BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008;8():101-101.</p><p>Published online 27 Mar 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2315650.</p><p></p

The phylogeny of the mammalian heme peroxidases and the evolution of their diverse functions-2

Cates are shown on all nodes. The TPO primate clade appears here as a polytomy as the branch lengths are extremely short, however, this is in fact resolved with a low Bootstrap of 56%. The star symbol denotes those branches that were treated as foreground in the selection analysis. The analysis of the resolved phylogeny using gene tree species tree reconciliation method implemented in GeneTree. The large filled circles represent gene duplication events, and the red branches indicate gene losses.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The phylogeny of the mammalian heme peroxidases and the evolution of their diverse functions"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/101</p><p>BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008;8():101-101.</p><p>Published online 27 Mar 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2315650.</p><p></p

The phylogeny of the mammalian heme peroxidases and the evolution of their diverse functions-3

Ely selected in MPO, in blue is the heme binding site. Example of the affect on hydrogen bonding of one such mutation at positively selected position 496 in human MPO from Asparagine to Phenylalanine.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The phylogeny of the mammalian heme peroxidases and the evolution of their diverse functions"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/101</p><p>BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008;8():101-101.</p><p>Published online 27 Mar 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2315650.</p><p></p

The phylogeny of the mammalian heme peroxidases and the evolution of their diverse functions-6

Cates are shown on all nodes. The TPO primate clade appears here as a polytomy as the branch lengths are extremely short, however, this is in fact resolved with a low Bootstrap of 56%. The star symbol denotes those branches that were treated as foreground in the selection analysis. The analysis of the resolved phylogeny using gene tree species tree reconciliation method implemented in GeneTree. The large filled circles represent gene duplication events, and the red branches indicate gene losses.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The phylogeny of the mammalian heme peroxidases and the evolution of their diverse functions"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/101</p><p>BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008;8():101-101.</p><p>Published online 27 Mar 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2315650.</p><p></p

The phylogeny of the mammalian heme peroxidases and the evolution of their diverse functions-4

Uences are outgroups to the MHP clade. The following are the species abbreviations used: Dog (D); Cow (C); Macaque (Ma); Human (H); Chimp (Ch); Rat (R); Mouse (M), Chicken (G), and Opossum (Op). This phylogeny was compared to each of the resultant site stripped phylogenies. Graph showing the RMSD nodal distance () between each site-stripped phylogeny () and the ideal phylogeny. : All: refers to the complete MSA; 8: site category 8 removed from the MSA; 8, 7: categories 8 and 7 removed from the MSA and so on up to the final column that contains only the most slowly evolving category of site. Values close to/zero correspond to complete agreement between the ideal and site stripped phylogeny.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The phylogeny of the mammalian heme peroxidases and the evolution of their diverse functions"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/8/101</p><p>BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008;8():101-101.</p><p>Published online 27 Mar 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2315650.</p><p></p

Cumulative DNA frequency distributions for 10 μl mock treated (red line) and 10 μl APF (blue line) treated normal bladder epithelial cells were used to calculate cell cycle sub-population fractions

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Interstitial cystitis antiproliferative factor (APF) as a cell-cycle modulator"</p><p>BMC Urology 2004;4():3-3.</p><p>Published online 6 Apr 2004</p><p>PMCID:PMC411044.</p><p>Copyright © 2004 Rashid et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original URL.</p

Androgenic dependence of exophytic tumor growth in a transgenic mouse model of bladder cancer: a role for thrombospondin-1-10

Ngitudinal sessions. Data sets were analyzed with Amira and NIH ImageJ to identify tumors and quantify tumor volumes. Tumor volumes for intact (n = 9), castrate (n = 8), castrate + DHT (n = 6) are indicated. Values are mean ± SE. p = 0.0071*, p = 0.0233** vs. castrate (one-way ANOVA, JMP 6.0.3, SAS Institute, Inc.).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Androgenic dependence of exophytic tumor growth in a transgenic mouse model of bladder cancer: a role for thrombospondin-1"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2490/8/7</p><p>BMC Urology 2008;8():7-7.</p><p>Published online 23 Apr 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2374790.</p><p></p

Androgenic dependence of exophytic tumor growth in a transgenic mouse model of bladder cancer: a role for thrombospondin-1-7

Rotein lysates from mouse 1) skeletal muscle, 2) brain, 3) lung, 4) pancreas, 5) liver, 6) spleen, 7) heart, 8) intestine, 9) skin, 10) testes, 11) prostate, 12) seminal vesicle, 13) ovary, 14) uterus, 15) kidney.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Androgenic dependence of exophytic tumor growth in a transgenic mouse model of bladder cancer: a role for thrombospondin-1"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2490/8/7</p><p>BMC Urology 2008;8():7-7.</p><p>Published online 23 Apr 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2374790.</p><p></p

Androgenic dependence of exophytic tumor growth in a transgenic mouse model of bladder cancer: a role for thrombospondin-1-8

T slices; overlaid CT slices with green pseudo-colored tumor; 3D rendering of high contrast areas – skeleton and contrast-filled bladder – with green pseudo-colored exophytic tumor. Insets: Magnified bladder sections of CT overlay, overlay with pseudo-colored tumor, and 3D rendering of high contrast areas with pseudo-colored tumor, respectively. () A large exophytic bladder tumor (urothelial opacity) fed with an extensive network of blood vessels is visualized by backlighting the bladder. () 3D pseudo-colored bladder tumor only.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Androgenic dependence of exophytic tumor growth in a transgenic mouse model of bladder cancer: a role for thrombospondin-1"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2490/8/7</p><p>BMC Urology 2008;8():7-7.</p><p>Published online 23 Apr 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2374790.</p><p></p

Androgenic dependence of exophytic tumor growth in a transgenic mouse model of bladder cancer: a role for thrombospondin-1-0

T slices; overlaid CT slices with green pseudo-colored tumor; 3D rendering of high contrast areas – skeleton and contrast-filled bladder – with green pseudo-colored exophytic tumor. Insets: Magnified bladder sections of CT overlay, overlay with pseudo-colored tumor, and 3D rendering of high contrast areas with pseudo-colored tumor, respectively. () A large exophytic bladder tumor (urothelial opacity) fed with an extensive network of blood vessels is visualized by backlighting the bladder. () 3D pseudo-colored bladder tumor only.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Androgenic dependence of exophytic tumor growth in a transgenic mouse model of bladder cancer: a role for thrombospondin-1"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2490/8/7</p><p>BMC Urology 2008;8():7-7.</p><p>Published online 23 Apr 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2374790.</p><p></p