A Woman’s World: How Afternoon Tea Defined and Hindered Victorian Middle Class Women

I do want to submit an abstract

Tobacco Use and Attachment Style

Tobacco has been recognized as the number one cause of preventable death in America and results in almost 5.2 million years of potential life lost each year. The use of tobacco products is highly correlated with pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, and other forms of chronic illness in America. Within the last ten years new tobacco products have been trending in the tobacco market such as the water pipe/hookah and e-cigarettes. With e-cigarettes and other newer forms of tobacco on the rise, it is important to look at the underlying factors for using all kinds of tobacco products as a means of prevention. Certain adult attachment styles (secure, preoccupied, dismissing-avoidant, and fearful-avoidant) in emotionally meaningful relationships could be indicators for physical illness, mental illness, and even addiction. The researcher implemented a study that investigated whether or not there is a relationship between tobacco use and attachment style. Based on a university-wide survey that was sent out at East Tennessee State University with 522 participants, demographic data revealed 68.5% (n=358) did not currently use tobacco products. However, of those who did currently use tobacco products 54.5% (n=90) were male, 84.8% (n=140) were undergraduate students, and 66.7% (n=110) were between the ages of 18-25. For individuals who used tobacco 23.5% (n=38) were in the secure attachment group, 27.8% (n=45) were in the dismissing-avoidant attachment group, 30.2% (n=49) were in the fearful-avoidant attachment group, and 18.5% (n=30) were in the preoccupied attachment group. Chi Square analysis demonstrated that attachment style was significantly (p \u3c 0.01) different between tobacco users and non-users. For anxiety, r=0.00209, which was weak. For avoidance, r=0.18875, which was slightly higher than the effect size for anxiety, but it was still weak. Considering that there was significance but the effect size was weak, the recommendation is that the study be repeated with a broader sample

Nurturant characteristics of males :

Methodological problems are discussed and suggestions for related research are given. Results indicate CDF have greater needs to demonstrate kindness, sympathy, and affection toward others than IHF. It was concluded that NDF rating on Masculinity could be related to lowered self-esteem as a result of separation from their children. The total sample of fathers appear to have attitudes indicative of emotional availability to their children.The purpose of this study was to examine the differences between nurturing characteristics of fathers who do and do not obtain custody of their children following divorce. Forty-two middle-class men participated: 14 custodial divorced fathers (CDF), 14 noncustodial divorced fathers (NDF), and 14 intact home fathers (IHF). Each of the CDF had actively sought custody. All participants were given the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS), the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI), and the Hereford Parental Attitude Survey, (HPAS). Six scales were observed: Nurturance of the EPPS, Masculinity and Femininity of the BSRI, and Acceptance, Understanding and Trust of the HPAS.The CDF were significantly higher on Nurturance than the IHF (p < .05). No significant difference was found between CDF and NDF or between NDF and IHF on Nurturance. IHF were significantly higher on Masculinity than NDF (p < .05). There was no significant difference between IHF and CDF or between CDF and NDF on Masculinity. No significant difference was found on Femininity, Acceptance, Understanding, or Trust

Working the Nexus: Teaching students to think, read and problem-solve like a lawyer

Despite a clear case for thinking skills in legal education, the approach to teaching these skills often appears to be implied in law curricula rather than identified explicitly. Thinking skills could be taught as part of reading law and legal problem solving. However, learning the full suite of thinking skills requires active teaching strategies which go beyond exposing students to the text of the law, and training them in its application by solving problem scenarios. The challenge for law teachers is to articulate how to learn legal thinking skills, and to do so at each level of the degree. This article outlines how the nexus between three component skills: critical legal thinking, reading law, and legal problem solving, can be put to work to provide a cohesive and scaffolded approach to the teaching of legal thinking. Although the approach in this article arises from the Smart Casual project, producing discipline-specific professional development resources directed at sessional teachers in law, we suggest that its application is relevant to all law teachers

Critical legal reading: The elements, strategies and dispositions needed to master this essential skill

Alex Steel, Kate Galloway, Mary Heath, Natalie Skead, Mark Israel, Anne Hewit

Intervention in health care teams and working relationships

Introduction: Communication is an intrinsic part of collaborative working but can be problematic when the complexities of professional and personal identities inhibit quality care provision. This paper investigates these complexities and recommends interventions to facilitate collaborative working.Methods: A qualitative comparative approach examined data collected from participants using purposive non-probability sampling. Perspectives were obtained from four professional groups (nurses, social workers, care managers, and police), from different organizations with different theoretical and practice frameworks, and from a fifth group (informal carers).Results: Curriculum change and leadership initiatives are required to address the complexities inhibiting collaborative working relationships. Integrating complexity theory, personality typology, and problem-based learning into the curriculum to understand behavioral actions will enable interventions to effect change and promote the centrality of those being cared for