17 research outputs found
Marine area governance and management in the Gulf of Maine : a case study
This case study provides a description and evaluation of marine area governance and
management in the Gulf of Maine. On the advice of the Oversight Committee, we began
the study at a broad level by identifying marine resources, uses of the resources, existing
management regimes, and conflicts among users of the resources. The results of these initial
reviews are collected in the tables in Appendix A. The Oversight Committee also suggested
that we develop a chronology of important events relating to marine area governance and
management in the Gulf of Maine, which is included as Appendix B.
As is clear from even a quick scan of the material in Appendix A, almost every
conceivable use of the marine environment occurs in the Gulf of Maine at some scale.
However, some of these uses are more problematic than others in terms of the governance
and management problems they engender. Rather than take a broadbrush approach that
might not have done justice to any of the region's many ocean resources and uses, we
decided to focus the case study on one or more of its most difficult and consequential
governance and management issues. The initial survey enabled us to focus in on a subset of
resources, use conflicts, and governance issues, namely those associated mainly with marine
fisheries governance and management.
Several considerations support the argument for a focus on fisheries governance and
management. The marine fisheries are a regional-scale resource and industry, due to the
mobility of the fish stocks, the geographic distribution of the users of the resource, and the
fact that governance institutions have been designed to have regionwide authority. Thus
fisheries mismanagement has the potential to inflict widespread social detriment and
significant economic losses. Indeed, the net cost of depleted groundfish stocks under the
current management structure, relative to the condition of stocks in an optimally managed
fishery, has been estimated at about $139 million annually, or just under one-fifth the landed
value of the entire Gulf of Maine commercial catch.
Other ocean resources with potentially regional impacts, such as offshore energy, are
not being pursued in the Gulf of Maine region at levels that pose significant concerns.
Consequently, non-fishery resource management problems in the Gulf of Maine are, for the
most part, local in scale, of comparatively minor economic significance, and not unique to
the region. There is no evidence, for example, of "system-wide degradation of marine environmental quality in the Gulf of Maine. . . . The Gulf as a whole remains relatively
clean, although the deep central basins appear to be accumulating several pollutants,
including PAHs and PCBs" (GOMCME 1994; see also Dow and Braasch 1996 and Gould,
Clark, and Thurberg 1994). Given that most pollutants of concern are concentrated in
inshore waters near urban areas and in the mouths of industrialized rivers, it is not at all
clear that they could be dealt with more effectively or efficiently at the regional level.
In sum, our focus on fisheries reflects our judgment that the greatest net benefits
might be obtained from improvements in the governance and management of these marine
resources within the Gulf of Maine region.This case study was produced for the purposes of the Committee on Marine Area
Governance and Management of the National Research Council (NRC), Agreement No.
DOT -3830-96-002
Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination
Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination provides a comprehensive and compelling overview of what psychological theory and research have to say about the nature, causes, and reduction of prejudice and discrimination. It balances a detailed discussion of theories and selected research with applied examples that ensure the material is relevant to students.
This edition has been thoroughly revised and updated and addresses several interlocking themes. It first looks at the nature of prejudice and discrimination, followed by a discussion of research methods. Next come the psychological underpinnings of prejudice: the nature of stereotypes, the conditions under which stereotypes influence responses to other people, contemporary theories of prejudice, and how individuals’ values and belief systems are related to prejudice. Explored next are the development of prejudice in children and the social context of prejudice. The theme of discrimination is developed via discussions of the nature of discrimination, the experience of discrimination, and specific forms of discrimination, including gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, age, ability, and appearance. The concluding theme is the reduction of prejudice.
The book is accompanied by a comprehensive website featuring an Instructor Manual that contains activities and tools to help with teaching a prejudice and discrimination course; PowerPoint slides for every chapter; and a Test Bank with short answer and multiple-choice exam questions for every chapter.
This book is an essential companion for all students of prejudice and discrimination, including those in psychology, education, social work, business, communication studies, ethnic studies, and other disciplines. In addition to courses on prejudice and discrimination, this book will also appeal to those studying racism and diversity.https://repository.usfca.edu/faculty_books_all/1100/thumbnail.jp
Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination
Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination provides a comprehensive and compelling overview of what psychological theory and research have to say about the nature, causes, and reduction of prejudice and discrimination. It balances a detailed discussion of theories and selected research with applied examples that ensure the material is relevant to students.
This edition has been thoroughly revised and updated and addresses several interlocking themes. It first looks at the nature of prejudice and discrimination, followed by a discussion of research methods. Next come the psychological underpinnings of prejudice: the nature of stereotypes, the conditions under which stereotypes influence responses to other people, contemporary theories of prejudice, and how individuals’ values and belief systems are related to prejudice. Explored next are the development of prejudice in children and the social context of prejudice. The theme of discrimination is developed via discussions of the nature of discrimination, the experience of discrimination, and specific forms of discrimination, including gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, age, ability, and appearance. The concluding theme is the reduction of prejudice.
The book is accompanied by a comprehensive website featuring an Instructor Manual that contains activities and tools to help with teaching a prejudice and discrimination course; PowerPoint slides for every chapter; and a Test Bank with short answer and multiple-choice exam questions for every chapter.
This book is an essential companion for all students of prejudice and discrimination, including those in psychology, education, social work, business, communication studies, ethnic studies, and other disciplines. In addition to courses on prejudice and discrimination, this book will also appeal to those studying racism and diversity.https://repository.usfca.edu/faculty_books_2022/1011/thumbnail.jp
Economic sustainability of marine aquaculture : a report to the Marine Aquaculture Task Force
This paper was written at the request of,
and to provide background information for
the work of, the Marine Aquaculture Task
Force, a project of the Woods Hole
Oceanographic InstitutionIn the future, marine aquaculture production
is likely to expand significantly in the
United States and abroad. This paper deals
with the present and future economic sustainability
of aquaculture in the United
States in light of this expectation. Economic
sustainability requires the allocation of scarce
resources to generate economic profits for
investments in physical capital, knowledge,
and technology that may endow future
generations with the capacity to be at least
as well off as the current generation.
Discussions about sustainability (or
sustainable development) focus mainly on
fairness in the distribution of economic
welfare across generations. Due to this focus
on intergenerational equity, international
political discussions of sustainable development
often are not directly concerned with
economic efficiency. Economic efficiency is a
necessary condition for achieving sustainable
development, however, because it does not
make sense to waste resources without cause.
And efficiency is likely to increase the net
benefits that can be shared both within and
across generations.With support
from The Pew Charitable Trusts and the
Lenfest Foundation
JAKMIP1, a Novel Regulator of Neuronal Translation, Modulates Synaptic Function and Autistic-like Behaviors in Mouse.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heritable, common neurodevelopmental disorder with diverse genetic causes. Several studies have implicated protein synthesis as one among several of its potential convergent mechanisms. We originally identified Janus kinase and microtubule-interacting protein 1 (JAKMIP1) as differentially expressed in patients with distinct syndromic forms of ASD, fragile X syndrome, and 15q duplication syndrome. Here, we provide multiple lines of evidence that JAKMIP1 is a component of polyribosomes and an RNP translational regulatory complex that includes fragile X mental retardation protein, DEAD box helicase 5, and the poly(A) binding protein cytoplasmic 1. JAKMIP1 loss dysregulates neuronal translation during synaptic development, affecting glutamatergic NMDAR signaling, and results in social deficits, stereotyped activity, abnormal postnatal vocalizations, and other autistic-like behaviors in the mouse. These findings define an important and novel role for JAKMIP1 in neural development and further highlight pathways regulating mRNA translation during synaptogenesis in the genesis of neurodevelopmental disorders