An analysis of the first grade books of five basal reading systems for health and safety content.

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

Moving Down? Women's Part-time Work and Occupational Change in Britain 1991-2001

The UK`s Equal Opportunities Commission has recently drawn attention to the `hidden brain drain` when women working part-time are employed in jobs below their level of educational attainment and/or previous experience. These inferences were based on self-reporting. We give an objective and quantitative analysis of the nature of occupational change as women make the transition between full-time and part-time work. In order to analyse down-grading we construct an occupational classification which supports a ranking of occupations by the average level of qualification of those employed there on a full-time basis. We note that the incidence (and by implication the availability) of part-time work differs across occupations, and that occupational concentration is more acute for part-time work. Using a large sample of panel observations over the period 1991-2001 we show that women moving from full- to part-time work are approximately twice as likely to move down as up the occupational ladder, while those moving from part-time back to full-time work are twice as likely to be moving up than down the ranking. These effects are particularly marked when a change of employer is involved. Not all women are equally at risk of downgrading. It is particularly likely among women in management positions; over one-third of women in managerial or high-skilled clerical/administrative jobs downgrade when they move into part-time employment. But women in some occupations with higher specific skill requirements and where employees may have a stronger sense of vocation, notably teaching and nursing, are much less likely to experience downgrading. Nonetheless, 20% of teachers and nurses who change employer and switch into part-time work move downwards. These findings indicate a loss of economic efficiency through the underutilisation of the skills of many of the women who work part-time.Female employment, Part-time work, Occupation, Life-cycle, Downgrade

The Minches of Athy, County Kildare: A Catholic Middle-Class Family in the Nineteenth Century

One of the recurring themes in the history and literature of Ireland in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries has been the decline of the landlord class. Until the last quarter of the nineteenth century this group, although not quite in the ascendant, was still referred to as the ascendancy or landed establishment. Their position justified such descriptions. They still had a monopoly of wealth, status and power in Ireland. Their wealth was enormous in terms of land. Twenty years after the famine two-thirds of the country’s land surface was owned by about 2000 people and less than 800 people possessed half of that land.1 In spite of electoral reform in 1850 which greatly expanded the parliamentary franchise, landed families still accounted for almost seventy-five per cent of Irish M.P.s in 1868.2 The 1870s began a period of decline for the ascendancy so that by the end of the century much of their power and influence has been lost to members of the catholic middle class

An experimental study of the effect of a specialized teaching device on the arithmetic achievement of mentally handicapped children

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of a specialized teaching device on the arithmetic achievement of mentally retarded children. Mentally handicapped children need concrete learning experiences. Audio-visual materials not only aid learning but they also extend and enrich the child\u27s education. The Math Builder was used to reinforce student skills after the basic concepts had been introduced. The principal objectives considered in the development of this study were: 1. To provide training in developing accurate responses to the basic number facts. 2. To afford practice with the basic number facts as met by the child in everyday experiences of his life. 3. To ascertain the effect of this training and practice with the Math Builder on the arithmetic achievement of mentally retarded children. Arithmetic is like a jigsaw puzzle. When all of the pieces or steps are in proper places the picture can be seen, but if two or three pieces or steps are missing, there is no logical relationship. It is the purpose of the present research to help the retarded child find the missing pieces, and thus be able to achieve in arithmetic

The Cultural Adaptability of Dental Hygiene, Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nursing and Physical Therapy Faculty

The purpose of this study was to determine the cultural adaptability of full time faculty in the College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia. The sample consisted of 40 health science faculty representing dental hygiene, medical laboratory sciences, nursing and physical therapy. The principal investigator personally administered the Cross-Cultural Adaptability Inventory (CCAI), a 50 item instrument, which contains questions to measure the construct cultural adaptability and its four dimensions: emotional resilience, flexibility/openness, perceptual acuity and personal autonomy. The CCAI is not targeted to one particular culture, but rather is designed to be culture general. Analysis of variance revealed no statistically significant difference, at the 0.05 level, in the overall CCAI scores among dental hygiene, medical laboratory sciences, nursing and physical therapy faculty. Analysis of CCAI scores among dental hygiene, medical laboratory sciences, nursing and physical therapy faculty, using analysis of variance revealed no statistically difference, at the 0.05 level, in emotional resilience, perceptual acuity and personal autonomy. In the dimension flexibility /openness, a significant difference was exhibited between the physical therapy and medical laboratory sciences faculty. Overall, all four faculty groups exhibited higher average CCAI scores than the CCAI norm group which consisted of individuals with cross-cultural experience and training. Results suggest that the majority of the health science faculty possess qualities necessary to be cross-culturally adaptable. These qualities provide a strong foundation for the development of additional competence in cross-cultural healthcare and for preparing practitioners who can provide culturally sensitive healthcare

Arithmetric problems based on quantitative situations described in fourth-grade geography, history, and science books

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

Nitrous Oxide Emissions

End of project reportNitrous oxide (N2O) is one of the three most important greenhouse gases (GHG). Nitrous oxide emissions currently account for approximately one third of GHG emissions from agriculture in Ireland. Emissions of N2O arise naturally from soil sources and from the application of nitrogen (N) in the form of N fertilizers and N in dung and urine deposition by grazing animals at pasture. Nitrous oxide emission measurements were conducted at three different scales. Firstly, a large-scale field experiment was undertaken to compare emission rates from a pasture receiving three different rates of N fertilizer application and to identify the effects of controlling variables over a two-year period. Variation in emission rates was large both within and between years. Two contrasting climatic years were identified. The cooler and wetter conditions in year 1 gave rise to considerably lower emission levels than the warmer and drier year 2. However, in both years, peak emissions were associated with fertilizer N applications coincident with rainfall events in the summer months. A small-plot study was conducted to identify the individual and combined effects of fertilizer, dung and urine applications to grassland. Treatment effects were however, difficult to obtain due to the overriding effects of environmental variables. Thirdly, through the use of a small-scale mini-lysimeter study, the diurnal nature of N2O emission rates was identified for two distinct periods during the year. The occurrence of a diurnal pattern has important implications for the identification of a measurement period during the day which is representative of the true daily flux. The research presented aims to identify the nature and magnitude of N2O emissions and the factors which affect emission rates from a grassland in Ireland. Further work is required to integrate the effects of different soil types and contrasting climatic regimes across soil types on N2O emissions.Environmental Protection Agenc

Sister Justina Segale and Americanization: The Making of Catholic Italian Americans

Justina Segale was a Sister of Charity who founded the Santa Maria Institute in Cincinnati. Her primary work was among the Italian immigrants there, and her perspective on Americanization was different from others prevalent at the time. In her view, it was essential to instruct Catholics in their faith in order for them to be good citizens. Indeed, “preserving the faith took precedence” over Americanization. She also did not emphasize assimilation but instead encouraged immigrants to take pride in their Italian heritage. Her Americanization efforts are described. The article also discusses the pressure on immigrants to become citizens and join the military during World War I