Extended GFDM Framework: OTFS and GFDM Comparison

Orthogonal time frequency space modulation (OTFS) has been recently proposed to achieve time and frequency diversity, especially in linear time-variant (LTV) channels with large Doppler frequencies. The idea is based on the precoding of the data symbols using symplectic finite Fourier transform (SFFT) then transmitting them by mean of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform. Consequently, the demodulator and channel equalization can be coupled in one processing step. As a distinguished feature, the demodulated data symbols have roughly equal gain independent of the channel selectivity. On the other hand, generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) modulation also employs the spreading over the time and frequency domains using circular filtering. Accordingly, the data symbols are implicitly precoded in a similar way as applying SFFT in OTFS. In this paper, we present an extended representation of GFDM which shows that OTFS can be processed as a GFDM signal with simple permutation. Nevertheless, this permutation is the key factor behind the outstanding performance of OTFS in LTV channels, as demonstrated in this work. Furthermore, the representation of OTFS in the GFDM framework provides an efficient implementation, that has been intensively investigated for GFDM, and facilitates the understanding of the OTFS distinct features.Comment: Accepted in IEEE Global Communications Conference 9-13 December 2018 Abu Dhabi, UA

Robust Integrated Sensing and Communication Beamforming for Dual-functional Radar and Communications: Method and Insights

This work presents a novel robust beamforming design dedicated for dual-functional radar and communication (DFRC) base stations (BSs) in the context of integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). The architecture is intended for circumstances with imperfect channel state information (CSI). Our suggested approach demonstrates several tradeoffs for joint radar-communication deployment. Due to the DFRC nature of the design, the beamformer can simultaneously point towards an intended target, while optimizing communication quality of service. We unveil several insights regarding closed form expressions, as well as optimality of the proposed beamformer. Lastly, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed ISAC beamformer.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2207.0492

Mutual Information Based Pilot Design for ISAC

The following paper presents a novel orthogonal pilot design dedicated for dual-functional radar and communication (DFRC) systems performing multi-user communications and target detection. After careful characterization of both sensing and communication metrics based on mutual information (MI), we propose a multi-objective optimization problem (MOOP) tailored for pilot design, dedicated for simultaneously maximizing both sensing and communication MIs. Moreover, the MOOP is further simplified to a single-objective optimization problem, which characterizes trade-offs between sensing and communication performances. Due to the non-convex nature of the optimization problem, we propose to solve it via the projected gradient descent method on the Stiefel manifold. Closed-form gradient expressions are derived, which enable execution of the projected gradient descent algorithm. Furthermore, we prove convergence to a fixed orthogonal pilot matrix. Finally, we demonstrate the capabilities and superiority of the proposed pilot design, and corroborate relevant trade-offs between sensing MI and communication MI. In particular, significant signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gains for communication are reported, while re-using the same pilots for target detection with significant gains in terms of probability of detection for fixed false-alarm probability. Other interesting findings are reported through simulations, such as an \textit{information overlap} phenomenon, whereby the fruitful ISAC integration can be fully exploited

ACCLIMATIZATION MEASURES FOR TEMPORARY REFUGEE SHELTERS IN HOT ARID CLIMATES; LOW-TECH MOBILE SOLUTIONS USING BEDOUIN TENTS

Global climate change has enormous impacts on urban areas in the developing world. The known and growing effects of climate change, like increased temperatures and increased incidence of severe storms, is evident. This winter, 2015, extreme cold waves and snow storms hit the Middle East region. Death rates in Syrian refugee camps were significant due to inefficient temporary shelters. Children and seniors were typically the most vulnerable. Additionally, the urban structures did not consider social needs and cultural behaviors. This paper investigates current social and environmental problems within Syrian refugee camps in Jordan, Egypt and Lebanon. The paper offers an analysis of Bedouin communities in the Middle East for possible use of Bedouin tents structures and clustering as a resilient solution for housing and shelter. The aim of this study is to understand the environmental behavior of the Bedouin tent structure together with socio-cultural implications among the Bedouin community. The paper applied an investigative and analytical approach using qualitative site survey methods. It concludes by defining thermal comfort adaptation measures and social clustering adopted by local Bedouin inhabitants inside their tents and draws an applicable and hands-on proposal for using such adaptation measures in current low-tech emergency shelters, especially for low-income refugees

On Hybrid Radar Fusion for Integrated Sensing and Communication

The following paper introduces a novel integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) scenario termed hybrid radar fusion. In this setting, the dual-functional radar and communications (DFRC) base station (BS) acts as a mono-static radar in the downlink (DL), for sensing purposes, while performing its DL communication tasks. Meanwhile, the communication users act as distributed bi-static radar nodes in the uplink (UL) following a frequency-division duplex protocol. The DFRC BS fuses the information available at different DL and UL resource bands to estimate the angles-of-arrival (AoAs) of the multiple targets existing in the scene. In this work, we derive the maximum likelihood (ML) criterion for the hybrid radar fusion problem at hand. Additionally, we design efficient estimators; the first algorithm is based on an alternating optimization approach to solve the ML criterion, while the second one designs an optimization framework that leads to an alternating subspace approach to estimate AoAs for both the target and users. Finally, we demonstrate the superior performance of both algorithms in different scenarios, and the gains offered by these proposed methods through numerical simulations

RIS-Enabled Integrated Sensing and Communication for 6G Systems

The following paper proposes a new target localization system design using an architecture based on reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) and passive radars (PRs) for integrated sensing and communications systems. The preamble of the communication signal is exploited in order to perform target sensing tasks, which involve detection and localization. The RIS in this case can aid the PR in sensing targets that are otherwise not seen by the PR itself, due to the many obstacles encountered within the propagation channel. Therefore, this work proposes a localization algorithm tailored for the integrated sensing and communications RIS-aided architecture, which is capable of uniquely positioning targets within the scene. The algorithm is capable of detecting the number of targets along with estimating the position of targets via angles and times of arrival. Our simulation results demonstrate the performance of the localization method in terms of different localization and detection metrics and for increasing RIS sizes

Mikro programları desteklemek için zekat kullanımında en iyi uygulamalar

Zakah is one of the most effective tools in the Islamic fiscal policy and economic system that has been introduced to achieve a variety of socio-economic objectives. On top of those objectives are poverty alleviation and wealth redistribution. The former objective is clearly indicated in the hadith that is narrated by imam al-Bukhari when the Prophet (PBUH) commanded Mu'adh bin Jabal, his delegate to govern Yemen: “Inform them (the people of Yemen) that Allah has made a charity obligatory upon them, that is collected from their rich and given back to their poor...Bu makale, Mikro Kurumsal Destek Programlarında (MSP) Küçük ve Orta Ölçekli İşletmelerin finansmanı için zekat fonlarını kullanmanın uygun olup olmadığını araştırmaktadır. Makale, zekat fonlarının mikro işletmelerin finansmanında kullanıldığı iki vaka çalışmasını ele almakdatır; ilk vaka çalışması Malezya ve ikincisi Endonezya'dadır..

Complex Neural Network based Joint AoA and AoD Estimation for Bistatic ISAC

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) in wireless systems has emerged as a promising paradigm, offering the potential for improved performance, efficient resource utilization, and mutually beneficial interactions between radar sensing and wireless communications, thereby shaping the future of wireless technologies. In this work, we present two novel methods to address the joint angle of arrival and angle of departure estimation problem for bistatic ISAC systems. Our proposed methods consist of a deep learning (DL) solution leveraging complex neural networks, in addition to a parameterized algorithm. By exploiting the estimated channel matrix and incorporating a preprocessing step consisting of a coarse timing estimation, we are able to notably reduce the input size and improve the computational efficiency. In our findings, we emphasize the remarkable potential of our DL-based approach, which demonstrates comparable performance to the parameterized method that explicitly exploits the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) model, while exhibiting significantly lower computational complexity.Comment: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processin

Engineering and Technology (A High Impact Factor

ABSTRACT: Regional Development as any other field of planning procedures needs a well-established evaluation assessment. The importance of evaluation assessment is as significant as strategy formulation because it spots light on the efficiency and effectiveness of the comprehensive plans in attaining the anticipated outcomes. It can also assess the suitability of the current processes and methods and acclimatize them to keep up with socio-economic, political and technological innovations of our dynamic world. Another aspect of the significance of regional development evaluation lies in its capability to synchronize the task performed by executive managers, working groups, divisions and subdivisions etc., through controlling of performance. Moreover, it helps in developing inputs for new strategic planning, enhance feedback process, review strategic management process and judging the validity of strategic choices. In August 2015, Egyptian Government announced its new regional development strategy to develop Sinai Peninsula based on the establishment of the economic zone of the New Suez Canal. The economic free zone of Suez Canal is expected to change the nature of the whole region socially, economically and also on the urban planning level as what Jebel Ali Port of Dubai did. The Egyptian new development plan comprises a strategy aims to establish new factories, logistic services areas, fisheries, agricultural lands reclamation and formation of new urban communities. The impact of such a development ¬¬needs to be pre-assessed on the planning level to estimate the degree of success or failure that could be attained by the end of strategy time frame on 2052. This paper is exploring the impact of such a strategy on the area through conducting SOWT analysis followed by a proposed framework capable of determining -quantitatively-the degree of the mentioned strategy in fulfilling the targeted aims