On the IMF Multiplicity in Au+Au Reactions

Intermediate mass fragment (IMF) multiplicity has been investigated for Au+Au reactions at incident energies of 100, 250 and 400 MeV/A. From the analysis of the impact-parameter-dependence of the IMF multiplicity using our QMD plus statistical evaporation model, we found that 1) statistical decay process modifies the results greatly, and 2) the Fermi motion plays a role to increase the IMF multiplicity for whole impact-parameter range.Comment: 9pages, Latex is used, 2 Postscript figures are available by request from [email protected]

Observing quantum non-locality in the entanglement between modes of massive particles

We consider the question of whether it is possible to use the entanglement between spatially separated modes of massive particles to observe nonlocal quantum correlations. Mode entanglement can be obtained using a single particle, indicating that it requires careful consideration before concluding whether experimental observation, e.g. violation of Bell inequalities, is possible or not. In the simplest setups analogous to optics experiments, that observation is prohibited by fundamental conservation laws. However, we show that using auxiliary particles, mode entanglement can be converted into forms that allow the observation of quantum non-locality. The probability of successful conversion depends on the nature and number of auxiliary particles used. In particular, we find that an auxiliary Bose-Einstein condensate allows the conversion arbitrarily many times with a small error that depends only on the initial state of the condensate.Comment: 8 pages (two-column), 2 figure

Relativistic Effects in the Transverse Flow in the Molecular Dynamics Framework

In order to investigate relativistic effects we compare the transverse flow calculated by using the four versions of the QMD approaches with that of the full covariant RQMD approach. From the comparison we conclude that the simplified RQMD (RQMD/S), which uses the common time coordinate to all particles, can be used instead of RQMD up to 6 GeV/u.Comment: 6pages, Latex is used, 1 Postscript figures are available by request from [email protected]

Package of facts and theorems for efficiently generating entanglement criteria for many qubits

We present a package of mathematical theorems, which allow to construct multipartite entanglement criteria. Importantly, establishing bounds for certain classes of entanglement does not take an optimization over continuous sets of states. These bonds are found from the properties of commutativity graphs of operators used in the criterion. We present two examples of criteria constructed according to our method. One of them detects genuine 5-qubit entanglement without ever referring to correlations between all five qubits.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Relativistic Effects in Simulations of the Fragmentation Process with the Microscopic Framework

We simulate the fragmentation processes in the \CaCa collisions at the bombarding energy 1.05 GeV/u using the Lorentz covariant RQMD and the non-covariant QMD approaches, incorporated with the statistical decay model. By comparing the results of RQMD with those of QMD, we examine the relativistic effects and find that the multiplicity of the $\alpha$ particle after the statistical decay process is sensitive to the relativistic effects. It is shown that the Lorentz covariant approach is necessary to analyze the fragmentation process even at the energy around \Elab = 1 GeV/u as long as we are concerned with the final observables of the mass distribution, particularly, the light fragments around $A = 3 \sim 4$.Comment: 8pages, Latex is used, 3 Postscript figures are available by request from [email protected]

Hamiltonian tomography of dissipative systems under limited access: A biomimetic case study

The identification of parameters in the Hamiltonian that describes complex many-body quantum systems is generally a very hard task. Recent attention has focused on such problems of Hamiltonian tomography for networks constructed with two-level systems. For open quantum systems, the fact that injected signals are likely to decay before they accumulate sufficient information for parameter estimation poses additional challenges. In this paper, we consider use of the gateway approach to Hamiltonian tomography \cite{Burgarth2009,Burgarth2009a} to complex quantum systems with a limited set of state preparation and measurement probes. We classify graph properties of networks for which the Hamiltonian may be estimated under equivalent conditions on state preparation and measurement. We then examine the extent to which the gateway approach may be applied to estimation of Hamiltonian parameters for network graphs with non-trivial topologies mimicking biomolecular systems.Comment: 6 page