Management of the pelvic floor disfunctions: combined versus single surgical procedure in a multidisciplinary approach: a retrospective study

The objective of this study was to compare the outcome of combined surgical treatment of multicompartmental pelvic floor defects versus single procedures within a multidisciplinary path in order to try to clarify what is the most effective surgical approach

Characteristics and patterns of care of endometrial cancer before and during COVID-19 pandemic

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has correlated with the disruption of screening activities and diagnostic assessments. Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies and it is often detected at an early stage, because it frequently produces symptoms. Here, we aim to investigate the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on patterns of presentation and treatment of EC patients. Methods: This is a retrospective study involving 54 centers in Italy. We evaluated patterns of presentation and treatment of EC patients before (period 1: March 1, 2019 to February 29, 2020) and during (period 2: April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021) the COVID-19 outbreak. Results: Medical records of 5,164 EC patients have been retrieved: 2,718 and 2,446 women treated in period 1 and period 2, respectively. Surgery was the mainstay of treatment in both periods (p=0.356). Nodal assessment was omitted in 689 (27.3%) and 484 (21.2%) patients treated in period 1 and 2, respectively (p<0.001). While, the prevalence of patients undergoing sentinel node mapping (with or without backup lymphadenectomy) has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (46.7% in period 1 vs. 52.8% in period 2; p<0.001). Overall, 1,280 (50.4%) and 1,021 (44.7%) patients had no adjuvant therapy in period 1 and 2, respectively (p<0.001). Adjuvant therapy use has increased during COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our data suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the characteristics and patterns of care of EC patients. These findings highlight the need to implement healthcare services during the pandemic

Management of the pelvic floor disfunctions: combined versus single surgical procedure in a multidisciplinary approach: a retrospective study

The objective of this study was to compare the outcome of combined surgical treatment of multicompartmental pelvic floor defects versus single procedures within a multidisciplinary path in order to try to clarify what is the most effective surgical approach

2020 Dataset on local gambling regulations in Italy

The dataset provides the complete enumeration of gambling policies implemented by Italian Municipalities between 2003 and 2021. The dataset comprises information on all municipalities existing in 2017 and following years (thus considering also merging). The following variables are available: Municipality ISTAT Code (ID), Municipality Name (Name) Province, Region, Researcher, and a series of variables identifying the number and the type of rulings adopted ('regolamento', 'ordinanza' and 'delibera'). The rulings are distinguished between identified and downloaded or only identified (because the document is no longer available). Additional variables describe municipal activism with other administrative acts (Anti-gambling Manifesto, events, projects or tax reductions). Overall, the dataset comprises 8031 units

Natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells 1 tune anxiety-like behavior and memory in mice via interferon-γ and acetylcholine

Abstract The mechanisms of communication between the brain and the immune cells are still largely unclear. Here, we characterize the populations of resident natural killer (NK) cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILC) 1 in the meningeal dura layer of adult mice. We describe that ILC1/NK cell-derived interferon-γ and acetylcholine can contribute to the modulation of brain homeostatic functions, shaping synaptic neuronal transmission and neurotransmitter levels with effects on mice behavior. In detail, the interferon-γ plays a role in the formation of non-spatial memory, tuning the frequency of GABAergic neurotransmission on cortical pyramidal neurons, while the acetylcholine is a mediator involved in the modulation of brain circuitries that regulate anxiety-like behavior. These findings disclose mechanisms of immune-to-brain communication that modulate brain functions under physiological conditions

2020 Dataset on local gambling regulations in Italy

The dataset provides the complete enumeration of gambling policies implemented by Italian Municipalities between 2003 and 2021. The dataset comprises information on all municipalities existing in 2017 and following years (thus considering also merging). The following variables are available: Municipality ISTAT Code (ID), Municipality Name (Name) Province, Region, Researcher, and a series of variables identifying the number and the type of rulings adopted (“regolamento”, “ordinanza” and “delibera”). The rulings are distinguished between identified and downloaded or only identified (because the document is no longer available). Additional variables describe municipal activism with other administrative acts (Anti-gambling Manifesto, events, projects or tax reductions). Overall, the dataset comprises 8031 units

A Longitudinal Multiinstitutional Study of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: From Childhood to Perimenopause

objective: the main outcome of this study was the evaluation of clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and therapeutic approaches in patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) aged from childhood to perimenopause. secondly, it was intended to compare these characteristics according to the menarchal status. methods: patients less than 45 years of age with a diagnosis of VLS from January 2002 to June 2022 in 10 referral centers were included in this retrospective longitudinal study. the univariate analysis compared the dependent variables according to menarchal status. results: one hundred eighty-six patients met the inclusion criteria. at diagnosis, between 25% and 40% of premenarchal patients reported signs related to subepithelial hemorrhage. a significantly greater presence of bleeding (p < .005), easy bruising (p = .028), fissures (p = .008), petechiae/splinter hemorrhages (p < .001), and bleeding/blistering or open sores (p = .011) was observed in premenarchal patients with respect to the postmenarchal group. the perineum (p = .013) and the perianal region (p < .001) were significantly more involved in the premenarchal group. topical calcineurin inhibitors were more used in the premenarchal population (p = .004), whereas vitamin e oil and moisturizers were more used in the postmenarchal population (p = .047). conclusions: vulvar lichen sclerosus is a chronic condition that can cause vulvar changes that result in severe morbidity and affects sexual function and quality of life, even before menopause. vulvar lichen sclerosus continues to be misdiagnosed in this population. this may lead to an average delay from symptom onset to diagnosis. evaluating clinical manifestations of VLS in premenarchal and postmenarchal age allowed us to find different clinical characteristics between the 2 periods suggestive of the diagnosis