Phylogenetic relationships of <i>Plasmodium</i> and <i>Haemoproteus</i> lineages obtained in the current study based on cytochrome <i>b</i> sequences of 478 bp.

<p>Similar sequences from samples identified to morphospecies level available in GenBank and MalAvi were included for reference. <i>Leucocytozoon</i> GRUS1 and SYAT20 lineages were used as out-groups. The numbers on the top of the branches indicate bootstrap support (10 000 replications). The mosquito species infected by each parasite are represented as follows: <i>Cx. pipiens</i> (black circle); <i>Cx</i>. <i>theileri</i> (white circle); <i>Oc</i>. <i>caspius</i> (grey circle); <i>Cx</i>. <i>modestus</i> (black square); <i>Cx</i>. <i>perexiguus</i> (white square).</p

Seasonal pattern of blood parasite in the studied area. Numbers in bars indicate sample size.

<p>(A) Percentage of infected (black) and uninfected (white) blood-fed mosquitoes. Note: No blood-fed mosquitoes were captured in winter. (B) Percentage of pools containing infected (black) and uninfected (white) unfed mosquitoes. Note: for the case of mosquitoes in pools, figure show proportions of infected pools but not parasite prevalence. The seasonal infection prevalence (95% coeficient intervals) for mosquitoes in pools were: Spring = 0.56% (0.09–1.74), Summer = 0.99% (0.55–1.64), Autumn = 2.54% (1.47–4.06).</p

Avian <i>Plasmodium</i> and <i>Haemoproteus</i> lineages detected in female blood-fed individuals and unfed mosquito pools.

<p>No infected blood-fed <i>Cx. pipiens</i> and unfed <i>Cx. theileri</i> were captured. Note that 31 infected pools were found with a total of 34 identified lineages (see results).</p

Prevalence of pox-like lesions by land-use type in the province of Huelva in 2013 and 2014.

<p>Number over bars indicate sample size, number inside bars indicate number of birds with cutaneous lesions.</p

Bayesian phylogeny of DNA sequences from a 448 bp fragment of the 4b core proteins for 66 unique Avipox strains, showing posterior probability values.

<p>Avipoxvirus clades A-C following Jarmin <i>et al</i>. [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0168690#pone.0168690.ref008" target="_blank">8</a>] and Gyuranecz <i>et al</i>.[<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0168690#pone.0168690.ref007" target="_blank">7</a>].</p

Summary of total pox-like lesions, type of samples and molecular analysis of APV strains.

<p>Summary of total pox-like lesions, type of samples and molecular analysis of APV strains.</p

Avipox strain diversity in <i>Passer domesticus</i>, introducing a simple descriptive nomenclature.

<p>Avipox strain diversity in <i>Passer domesticus</i>, introducing a simple descriptive nomenclature.</p

TCS haplotype network of the nine unique Avipox sequences detected in <i>Passer domesticus</i>.

<p>The maximum coverage for all nine sequences is 357 nt, though coverage for seven haplotypes is 538 nt. Canarypoxvirus (CNPV) strains are shown in red; Fowlpoxvirus (FWPV) strains are blue. Number of nucleotide substitutions are marked on the line by a solid circle, or shown in parenthesis (when numerous). The continent and avian order of detection, and number of known host species (<i>N</i> = <i>x</i>), are shown below each strain. Note that FWPV-PD1 and PD2 are identical in the 357 nt sequence, but differ at five nt sites in the extended 538 nt sequence (resolution determined only from the extended 538 nt sequence, is indicated by a dotted line). Geographic and host taxonomic information associated with these sequences is based on the extended 538 nt sequence.</p

Distribution of 2013 and 2014 sampling, pox-like lesions and genotypes (CNPV-PD1, dark red; CNPV-PD2, red) in the province of Huelva.

<p>Geographical data are downloaded from <a href="http://www.ideandalucia.es/portal/web/ideandalucia" target="_blank">http://www.ideandalucia.es/portal/web/ideandalucia</a>.</p