Spatial productivity spillovers across Spanish municipalities

Whilst a great deal of e¤ort has been dedicated to identification of agglomeration effects on labour productivity, the measurement of spatial productivity spillovers is a question that has been addressed only occasionally along the New Economic Geography literature. We estimate agglomeration effects, nonetheless conditioned to the possible existence of spatial productivity spillovers across Spanish municipalities in year 2001. To this respect, we find that agglomeration effects are in the same order of magnitude than thoseencountered when measured in the standard way. Further, these agglomeration efects coexist with very strong spatial productivity spillovers in a close neighbourhood of 10 km. Finally, these spatial e¤ects are shown to quickly diminish as distance increases.IV estimation, elevation, spatial externalities, productivity, neighbourhood, Spain

The European Map of Job Flows

The European Map of Job Flows (EMJF) is a term used to denote a dataset of meso- and macro-level variables describing different aspect of labour mobility within national labour markets in Europe. In this paper, EMJF is centred on the notion of job “flows”, namely the changes in the level of employment at different breakdowns and levels of aggregation. EMJF is very rich in information content due to the wide variety of possible breakdown of the data and in this sense it is a “map” mostly in the virtual sense, namely, that it is not possible to visualise in the form of geographic maps all the wealth of available information. In terms of its value as a research product and tool, EMJF is mostly an intermediate product in the sense that it is a convenient means to organise the relevant information, which could subsequently be used for different analytical and research purposes. It provides both for cross-sections/snapshots of job flows at different point in time but also it allows their assessment and analysis over longer periods of time. In this sense, EMJF can be widely used for various types of labour-market analysis and research. EMJF’s visual components can also be a convenient tool for policy makers dealing with labour market policies at different level (regional, national or supra-national) in the decision-making process. Here we present a Compilation of a EMJF on the basis of firm-level data In this sense the job flows are built up on the basis of firm-level data for individual countries, following a common methodology. We adopt an approach of establishing such a EMJF on the basis of the AMADEUS dataset developed by the consultancy Bureau van Dijk. The dataset in its most extended version contains balance sheet data and ownership data for almost 14 million firms from 43 different European countries (September 2009 update). For many EU countries the dataset has in principle access to the entire universe of firms which have to report a balance sheet. In terms of countries, the geographic coverage of AMADEUS encompasses information for all the 27 members of the European Union (albeit with different qualities in terms of national coverage) as well as other 16 European countries that complete the geographical and political definition of the continent. Another interesting feature of the database is given by the detailed definition of a firm's location, with data available on the region (NUTS2) and the city in which the firm operates. This project deliverable presents the main results from the final stage of MICRO-DYN work on the EMJF. It discusses the approach to building the EMJF on the basis of AMADEUS data and illustrates the analytical potential of the EMJF as a research tool with a range of Europe-wide analytical exercises. Probably the most important outcome of this research effort is the demonstrated capability to perform meta-analysis at the European level of important labour market characteristics on the basis of firm-level data.job flows, europe, labor market, microdata

A Language to Formalize and to Operationalize Problem-solving Strategies of Structured Knowledge Models

This paper describes a proposal of a language called Link which has been designed to formalize and operationalize problem solving strategies. This language is used within a software environment called KSM (Knowledge Structure Manager) which helps developers in formulating and operationalizing structured knowledge models. The paper presents both its syntax and dynamics, and gives examples of well-known problem-solving strategies of reasoning formulated using this language

An ESCRT module is required for neuron pruning

Neural circuits are refined by both functional and structural changes. Structural remodeling by large-scale pruning occurs where relatively long neuronal branches are cut away from their parent neuron and removed by local degeneration. Until now, the molecular mechanisms executing such branch severing events have remained poorly understood. Here, we reveal a role for the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) machinery during neuronal remodeling. Our data show that a specific ESCRT pruning module, including members of the ESCRT-I and ESCRT-III complexes, but not ESCRT-0 or ESCRT-II, are required for the neurite scission event during pruning. Furthermore we show that this ESCRT module requires a direct, in vivo, interaction between Shrub/CHMP4B and the accessory protein Myopic/HD-PTP

HECT ubiquitin ligases link viral and cellular PPXY motifs to the vacuolar protein-sorting pathway

Many enveloped viruses exploit the class E vacuolar protein-sorting (VPS) pathway to bud from cells, and use peptide motifs to recruit specific class E VPS factors. Homologous to E6AP COOH terminus (HECT) ubiquitin ligases have been implicated as cofactors for PPXY motif–dependent budding, but precisely which members of this family are responsible, and how they access the VPS pathway is unclear. Here, we show that PPXY-dependent viral budding is unusually sensitive to inhibitory fragments derived from specific HECT ubiquitin ligases, namely WWP1 and WWP2. We also show that WWP1, WWP2, or Itch ubiquitin ligase recruitment promotes PPXY-dependent virion release, and that this function requires that the HECT ubiquitin ligase domain be catalytically active. Finally, we show that several mammalian HECT ubiquitin ligases, including WWP1, WWP2, and Itch are recruited to class E compartments induced by dominant negative forms of the class E VPS ATPase, VPS4. These data indicate that specific HECT ubiquitin ligases can link PPXY motifs to the VPS pathway to induce viral budding

Nanocrystalline tin dioxide thin films as oxidizing gas sensor

Nanocrystalline tin dioxide has been employed to develop two types of sensor devices. Two electrical properties, resistivity and work function, increase with oxidizing gas adsorption. The first leads to the classical thin film resistive sensor. The other property is used to design a switching diode. Both devices show a ligh sensitivity and linearity under proper design and operating parameters. Typival figures are 100% resistance change and 50 mV voltage shift for 50 ppb of NO₂ in air. A theoretical model is proposed to explain the results

Currency hedging strategies, strategic benchmarks and the Global and Euro Sovereign financial crises

This paper investigates dynamic currency hedging benefits, with a further focus on the impact of currency hedging before and during the recent financial crises originated from the subprime and the Euro sovereign bonds. We take the point of view of a Euro-based institutional investor who considers passive investment strategies in portfolios holding European, British and US assets. We analyze the impact of the model specification to improve the risk-return tradeoff when currency risk is hedged. Hedging strategies of currency risk, using exchange rates futures and driven by several multivariate GARCH models, depend on the portfolio composition and period analyzed. Dynamic covariance models provide limited evidences of a decrease in hedging rations compared to naïve hedging strategies based on linear regressions or variance smoothing. Nevertheless, those results are coupled with better performances of dynamic covariance models in terms of hedging effectiveness an improved Sharpe ratios. The empirical evidences are observed both in-sample as well as in an out-of-sample exercise

Resistencia antibiótica en microorganismos más frecuentes en peritonitis secundaria a diálisis peritoneal en el Hospital Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo, EsSalud 2019 – 2021

OBJETIVO: Determinar la resistencia antibiótica microbiana en peritonitis secundaria a diálisis peritoneal en el Hospital Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo entre el periodo 2019 al 2021. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo, realizado a los pacientes del programa de diálisis peritoneal, obteniendo 165 episodios de peritonitis a partir de la revisión de base de datos (RENDES); se aplicaron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión consiguiendo 47 episodios con cultivo con aislamiento bacteriano y antibiograma, dicha información se plasmó en una ficha de recolección de datos y en el programa Microsoft Office Excel 2019, posteriormente los resultados se evaluaron con el paquete estadístico R studio 4.1.3 para Windows. RESULTADOS: Se encontró una mayor incidencia del sexo masculino (57,58%), con una mediana de edad de 54 años, comorbilidades más frecuentes diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial (51,51%); de los cultivos, se encontró, Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo (34,04%), con resistencia a oxacilina y vancomicina (92.86%), gentamicina (71.42%) y ciprofloxacino (76.92%); Pseudomona aeruginosa (21,28%), con resistencia a cefazolina, ampicilina/sulbactam y cotrimoxazol (100%), Escherichia coli (19,15%) con resistencia a cotrimoxazol en (88,89%), ciprofloxacino (44,44%) y ceftriaxona (40%) y cefepime (37,5%) y Staphylococcus aureus (10,63%) con resistencia a oxacilina y vancomicina (66.67%). CONCLUSIONES: El microorganismo más frecuente fue el Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo, con resistencia a oxacilina, vancomicina, gentamicina y ciprofloxacino, además se aprecia que de la terapia empírica protocolizada, ceftazidima y cefazolina, casi en su totalidad no han sido testados en los antibiogramas realizados