Post-hoc correlation between serum lycopene concentrations and EDV.

<p>Relationship between absolute change in serum lycopene concentrations and absolute change in endothelial dependent vasodilatation (EDV; forearm blood flow response to 15 µg/min acetylcholine measured as %change from preceding saline baseline) for all trial subjects. Absolute change in serum lycopene calculated as final visit serum lycopene minus baseline serum lycopene. Absolute change in EDV calculated as final visit EDV minus baseline EDV. r: correlation coefficient calculated using Pearson correlation analysis.</p

Baseline Demographics of CVD Patients and HV arms.

<p>Data are presented as mean (standard deviation - SD) or numbers (%). ACE-I: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor; ARB: Angiotensin Receptor Blocker; CVD: cardiovascular disease; EtOH: Alcohol; HV: healthy volunteer.</p

Post-hoc comparisons of baseline values between CVD Patients and HV arms.

<p>Data are presented as mean values (standard deviation - SD). *<i>P</i>-value is for comparison between cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients arm and healthy volunteer (HV) arm at baseline using unpaired, 2-tailed Student <i>t</i>-tests. AIx – augmentation index; DBP – diastolic blood pressure; HDL – high-density lipoprotein; hsCRP – high sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL – low-density lipoprotein; ox-LDL – oxidised low-density lipoprotein, PWV – pulse wave velocity; SBP – systolic blood pressure.</p

Flow diagram of subjects through the study.

<p>The safety population consisted of anyone who received at least 1*Reasons for failure to enrol included not meeting inclusion criteria, an inability to attend laboratory for assessments within the appropriate timeframe, patient withdrawal, inability to lie flat for a period of time for the studies, or an inability to cannulate the brachial artery. **Quality control evaluation done by two independent parties. Reasons for non-evaluable data and consequent exclusion from final forearm blood flow (FBF) analysis (before unblinding and statistical analysis) included incomplete data sets, non-evaluable sets, and FBF procedure variation.</p

Vascular and Laboratory Assessments in CVD Patients Arm.

<p>Data are presented as mean values (standard error - SE). *<i>P</i>-value is for overall comparison in delta (day 56 - day 1) values across placebo and lycopene treated groups. AIx – augmentation index; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DBP – diastolic blood pressure; HDL – high-density lipoprotein; hsCRP – high sensitivity C-reactive protein; IL – interleukin; LDL – low-density lipoprotein; MMP-9– matrix metalloproteinase; ox-LDL – oxidised low-density lipoprotein, PWV – pulse wave velocity; SBP – systolic blood pressure; TNF – tumour necrosis factor.</p

Schematic of forearm blood flow protocol.

<p>ACh: Acetylcholine; SNP: Sodium Nitroprusside; L-NMMA: N^G-monomethyl-L-arginine; H: Haemodynamic measurements.</p