Positive correlations with Conscientiousness in the left inferior frontal gyrus bordering the anterior insula and in ACC reaching into the medial superior frontal gyrus.

<p>Correlation coefficients were computed within an inclusive mask consisting of voxels with significant (p<0.025, family-wise corrected) error signaling during incongruent NoGo trials (see also <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0042930#pone-0042930-t004" target="_blank">Table 4</a>.).</p

Combined Eriksen Flanker and GoNoGo fMRI paradigm, exemplary shown for all four incongruent trials.

<p>After the fixation period, one of eight possible letter strings, either congruent or incongruent, appeared on a black screen. Subjects were instructed to give a right hand index finger response, if the target letter was a “R”, to give a right hand middle finger response, if the target letter was an “U”, or to withhold response in case of appearance of target letters “P” or “V”. One of three possible feedbacks (“correct”, “wrong”, “faster”) about the subjects' response was given after a defined delay following response (in this example “correct”). <i>Upper panel</i>: Go trials. <i>Lower panel</i>: NoGo trials.</p

Main effects of error signaling for incongruent NoGo trials.

<p>Main effects are reported at a level of <i>p</i><0.025 to account for the one-sidedness of the directed t-contrast, and family-wise (FWE) corrected at the voxel level to control for multiple comparisons (see also <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0042930#pone-0042930-t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a>).</p

Main effects of error signaling for incongruent NoGo trials.

<p>Main effects are reported at a level of <i>p</i><0.025 to account for the one-sidedness of the directed t-contrast, and family-wise (FWE) corrected at the voxel level to control for multiple comparisons. x, y and z are MNI coordinates of the peak voxel within a cluster. Z: z-value of standard normal distribution; BA = Brodmann area; c: activation cluster sizes, in voxels.</p

Summary of significant positive and negative correlations between NoGo error signaling and NEO-PI-R major domain scores obtained from the reduced model after excluding scales Agreeableness, Extraversion and Openness not showing any significant correlations in the full model.

<p>Correlation coefficients were computed within an inclusive mask consisting of voxels with significant (p<0.025, family-wise corrected) error signaling during incongruent NoGo trials; x,/y/z: MNI-coordinates of the significant peak voxel in correlation analyses; Pv(FEW) indicates family-wise corrected significance of peak voxel; extent: number of significant (p<0.05, FWE) voxels; Pc(FWE): associated family-wise corrected p-value at the cluster-level; Partial R²: cluster averaged partial determination coefficient.</p

Inter-correlations among NEO-PI-R major domain scores.

<p>N, E, O, A, and C are the following subscales from the NEO-PI-R: N = Neuroticism; E = Extraversion; O = Openness to Experience; A = Agreeableness; C = Conscientiousness. Values are correlation coefficients; if significant associated p-values are reported in italics; n.s.: not significant.</p

Summary statistics of the different error rates (%) during the fMRI task.

<p>Values are means ± SD (standard deviation) in rounded brackets; p values stem from Newman-Keuls post-hoc tests or from paired t-tests; digits in squared brackets denote numbers of subjects who did not produce any erroneous responses on the corresponding condition-by-response type-combination. Only for the incongruent NoGo condition all subjects committed errors.</p