Crude and adjusted odds ratios of the association of DHF with age groups, gender and ethnicity in year 2006 and year 2007–2008 epidemics.

*<p>Adjusted odds ratio was obtained from a multivariate logistic regression being adjusted by age groups and ethnicity.</p>**<p>Adjusted odds ratio was obtained from a multivariate logistic regression being adjusted by age groups, gender, ethnicity, diabetes mellitus and hypertension.</p><p>DHF- Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever.</p><p>COR- Crude odds ratio.</p><p>AOR- Adjusted odds ratio.</p><p>CI- Confidence interval.</p

Distribution of demographic characteristics and co-morbidities by cases (DHF) and controls (DF) in year 2006 and year 2007–2008 epidemics.

Δ<p>Person's Chi-square, unless otherwise annotated.</p>∧<p>Mann-Whitney U test.</p>#<p>Fisher's Exact test.</p><p>DHF-Dengue hemorrhagic fever.</p><p>DF- Dengue fever.</p><p>DBP- Days before presentation in hospital.</p

Crude and adjusted odds ratios of the association of DHF with multiple co-morbidities in year 2007–2008 epidemic.

*<p>Adjusted odds ratio was obtained from a multivariate logistic regression being adjusted by age groups, gender, ethnicity, diabetes mellitus and hypertension.</p><p>DHF- Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever.</p><p>COR- Crude odds ratio.</p><p>AOR- Adjusted odds ratio.</p><p>CI- Confidence interval.</p

Interaction effect between diabetes mellitus and other comorbidities in year 2007–2008 epidemic.

*<p>Adjusted odds ratio was obtained from a multivariate logistic regression being adjusted by age groups, gender, ethnicity, diabetes mellitus and hypertension.</p><p>DHF- Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever.</p><p>COR- Crude odds ratio.</p><p>AOR- Adjusted odds ratio.</p><p>CI- Confidence interval.</p

List of growth-attenuating genes with non-synonymous or frameshift mutations in <i>M. africanum</i>.

<p>List of growth-attenuating genes with non-synonymous or frameshift mutations in <i>M. africanum</i>.</p

Schematic overview of molecular transport mechanisms present in <i>M.</i> africanum.

<p>Genetic information of 132 genes encoding various families of membrane transporters was compared between the sequenced <i>M. africanum</i> strains and <i>M. tuberculosis</i> H37Rv. The analysis comprised both, transport mechanisms specific to nutrients and macromolecules (upper and lower figure). Genes that are identical to the wildtype <i>M. tuberculosis</i> H37Rv gene homologue are displayed with a solid border line and white background. Genes, with non-synonymous mutation are displayed in blue with dashed lines. Genes with a frameshift mutation, are displayed with striped background.</p

<i>In vitro</i> growth curves from standardized inocula.

<p><i>M. tuberculosis</i> (solid line) and <i>M. africanum</i> (dashed line) were grown from standardized inocula in Bactec MGIT 960 and measured growth units (GU) are plotted versus time [days].</p

Growth of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> complex isolates from sputum in The Gambia in two liquid culture systems.

*<p>Wilcoxon rank sum test comparing median time for <i>M. africanum</i> vs. <i>M. tuberculosis</i>.</p

Status of putative <i>M.</i> africanum operons essential for intracellular survival.

<p>Seven operons were previously defined as essential for growth within the macrophage <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002220#pntd.0002220-Rengarajan1" target="_blank">[13]</a>. Genes that are identical to the wildtype <i>M. tuberculosis</i> H37Rv gene homologue are displayed with a solid border line and white background. Genes, with a non-synonymous mutation are displayed in blue with dashed lines. Genes with a frameshift mutation, are displayed with striped background.</p

Measures of intra-host DENV2 diversity in human and mosquito hosts.

<p><b>(A)</b> Number of SNVs; <b>(B)</b> Sum of SNV frequencies; <b>(C)</b> Average SNV frequency; <b>(D)</b> Standard error of the mean SNV frequency; all calculated on a per sample basis. Abd, abdomen; SG, salivary gland.</p