Manufacturing System Design in Industry 5.0: Incorporating Sociotechnical Systems and Social Metabolism for Human-Centered, Sustainable, and Resilient Production

This paper delves into the concept of social metabolism as a foundation for the development of sociotechnical systems in Industry 5.0. The study conducts an analysis of the existing methods and approaches for designing sociotechnical systems, and reviews publications that utilize such systems to incorporate Industry 4.0 technologies into manufacturing processes. Additionally, it examines the three key factors of Industry 5.0 and the enabling framework of Industry 4.0 technologies. Based on these investigations, a theoretical model is proposed for manufacturing system design, employing sociotechnical systems to integrate Industry 4.0 enabling technologies, while considering the essential aspects of Industry 5.0. The model emphasizes the early consideration of sociotechnical systems to design manufacturing systems that prioritize human-centricity, sustainability, and resilience. By embracing this comprehensive approach, the proposed model contributes to the realization of a production environment aligned with societal needs, fostering a more conscious and adaptable industry

Social smart manufacturing systems in industry 5.0: values as integrators between the operator and technology

La Industria 4.0 tiene entre sus principales objetivos el desarrollo e implementación de sistemas ciberfísicos impulsados por las tecnologías avanzadas de la comunicación e información. Este carácter da como resultado sistemas de fabricación que denotan una importante pérdida de valor social. La Industria 5.0 surge en este contexto para facilitar la incorporación, entre otros, de principios de sostenibilidad social en la interacción de los operadores con la tecnología dentro de los procesos de fabricación avanzada. En el presente trabajo se evalúa el grado de impacto que la tecnología desarrollada en el seno de la Industria 4.0 está produciendo en los operadores. Además, se analiza cómo la inclusión de Valores Sociales en los diferentes niveles de aplicación: macro (organizacional), meso (planta de producción) y micro (puesto de trabajo), permite garantizar la integración entre el operador y las nuevas tecnologías en los sistemas de interacción hombre-máquina. Por último, se presentan los desafíos que surgen en torno a este paradigma de fabricación, para ofrecer una visión de futuro que sea beneficiosa en la práctica de los entornos industriales social-inteligentes.Industry 4.0 has among its main objectives the development and implementation of cyberphysical systems driven by advanced communication and information technologies. This carácter results in manufacturing systems that denote a significant loss of social value. Industry 5.0 arises in this context to facilitate the incorporation, among others, of social sustainability principles in the interaction of operators with technology within advanced manufacturing processes. In the present work, the level of impact that the technology developed within Industry 4.0 is producing in the operators is evaluated. In addition, it analyzes how the inclusion of Social Values in the different levels of application: macro (organizational), meso (manufacturing plant) and micro (workstation), allows to guarantee the integration between the operator and the new technologies in the human-machine interaction systems. Finally, the challenges that arise around this manufacturing paradigm are presented to offer a vision of the future that is beneficial in the practice of social-smart industrial environments

Eco‐Holonic 4.0 Circular Business Model to Conceptualize Sustainable Value Chain Towards Digital Transition

The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize a circular business model based on an Eco-Holonic Architecture, through the integration of circular economy and holonic principles. A conceptual model is developed to manage the complexity of integrating circular economy principles, digital transformation, and tools and frameworks for sustainability into business models. The proposed architecture is multilevel and multiscale in order to achieve the instantiation of the sustainable value chain in any territory. The architecture promotes the incorporation of circular economy and holonic principles into new circular business models. This integrated perspective of business model can support the design and upgrade of the manufacturing companies in their respective industrial sectors. The conceptual model proposed is based on activity theory that considers the interactions between technical and social systems and allows the mitigation of the metabolic rift that exists between natural and social metabolism. This study contributes to the existing literature on circular economy, circular business models and activity theory by considering holonic paradigm concerns, which have not been explored yet. This research also offers a unique holonic architecture of circular business model by considering different levels, relationships, dynamism and contextualization (territory) aspects

Smart eco-industrial parks: A circular economy implementation based on industrial metabolism

In order to conserve natural environments, the Circular Economy (CE) is considered as a suitable way to carry out the transition from current economic models to models of a more sustainable nature. From the biological perspective however, industrial systems are generally inefficient. Manufacturing systems from the biological perspective therefore require the incorporation of tools to support decision making, thereby enabling organizations to improve their functions and competitiveness in a global and integrated perspective. Accordingly, at meso level, eco-industrial parks are gaining importance as an approach towards ensuring CE. In this work, an ontological framework for CE, based on industrial metabolism, is developed as the technology for information and knowledge models to share the circularity of resources through industrial ecosystems, based on ecological, economic, and social criteria. The ontology developed is modelled using Ontology Web Language and integrated in an architecture based on bio-inspired Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). Moreover, a quantitative method, Ecological Network Analysis, is incorporated into MAS knowledge to analyze and establish relationships and metabolic pathways between companies, which can increase the circularity of technical nutrients and reduce biological nutrient extraction. The integrated model is applied to a case study on the product life cycle for the establishment of its metabolic pathway through an eco-industrial park. The subsequent incorporation of MAS thereby establishes the Smart Eco-Industrial Park

A holonic framework for managing the sustainable supply chain in emerging economies with smart connected metabolism

Since their origins, human societies have integrated into the natural environment, where social metabolism that identified the interactions between society and nature was established. This social metabolism enables the flows of energy and materials between social and natural environments to be analyzed and quantified. However, in the last century, many societies have undergone a transformation from an agricultural to an industrial system. Thus, labour, as a generator of economic capital through the supply chain, has provoked a loss of natural and social capital, especially in emerging economies, thereby generating the metabolic rift. This situation can be mitigated and reversed through a circular economy, the use of digital and technological enablers of Industry 4.0 and the incorporation of an organizational enabler such as the holonic paradigm. The integration of these enablers has given rise to the development of the cyber-physical holon, which incorporates inherently sustainable concepts and allows the analysis of distributed complex systems. This paper proposes a holonic framework for multiscale and multilevel Adaptive and Integrated Sustainable Supply Chain Management (AISSCM). This framework supports a smart connected social metabolism integrated within the natural environment and oriented towards mitigation and reversal of the metabolic rift, through the processes of adaptation and integration to enable the co-evolution of the supply chain within the environment. The framework developed is applied to a family of products through their sustainable supply chain based on circularity. This proposal is developed to enable the necessary transition towards sustainable societies

Distritos térmicos urbanos e industriales. Sector emergente de servicios profesionales

La búsqueda del uso racional y eficiente de la energía, considerándose ésta como el empleo óptimo de la energía en cada uno de los eslabones de la cadena energética, ha propiciado la aparición del concepto de Distrito Térmico (Distric Heating), donde la integración de fuentes de calor en una zona geográfica determinada posibilita que el conjunto produzca unos niveles significativamente inferiores de emisiones con efecto invernadero y otros gases, en comparación con la generación de calor de forma individual [1]. es más fácil asegurar que los objetivos de emisiones se cumplen con unos pocos de productores grandes que con muchos productores pequeños. esto es debido a que las propias centrales de los Distritos Térmicos posibilitan el aprovechamiento de las economías de escala, el uso de equipos industriales y una mejor tecnología para la mejora de la eficiencia y control de la contaminación

Enactive manufacturing through cyber-physical systems: a step beyond cognitive manufacturing

Cognitive manufacturing, as a paradigm for providing intelligence to manufacturing systems and enabling interaction with operators presents limitations. Manufacturing system requires to be adaptive to machine tools, manufacturing environments and operators. In this line, the enactive approach to cognitive science provides a paradigm for the design of new biologically inspired cognitive architectures. Likewise, the advantages of Key Enabling Technologies and the concept of Industry 4.0 reveal new opportunities for increasing industrial innovation and developing sustainable industrial environments. These technologies are appropriated to overcome the limitations of cognitive manufacturing, because they can achieve the integration of physical and digital systems focused on cyber-physical systems. In this work, an architecture for the sustainable development of enactive manufacturing systems based on holonic paradigm is proposed and its main associated informational model is described

Metabolism in eco-holonic manufacturing systems based on the living systems theory

The industrial metabolism has been conceived on the basis of analogies about the set of biochemical reactions (anabolism and catabolism) that occur in a living being and their flows of matter, energy and substances in natural ecosystems. This conception determines forms of appropriation and consumption of substances, materials and energy, from the natural environment (natursphere) and the technical environment (technosphere) for their transformation and subsequent elimination, under the articulation of criteria of cyclicity, toxicity and efficiency. The last aim of Industrial Ecology (IE), is materialized when the variety of industrial ecosystems is eco-compatible with the variety of natural ecosystems. The naturalisation of manufacturing systems is an effort to conceive them with variety similar to natural systems in order to achieve their eco-compatibility. In addition to bionic models from natural ecosystems in the field of industrial metabolism, several attempts have been made to design technical systems using bionic models from the Living Systems Theory (LST). The formulation of manufacturing systems based on living systems can be considered as a set of dynamic systems from Bertalanffy's perspective. In this paper is postulated an Eco-Holonic Reference Architecture for its projection in the design of manufacturing systems metabolism with an adaptive, self-regulating and required variety structure and with a potential toolbox in the core knowledge of the holon throughout its life cycl

Standardization Framework for Sustainability from Circular Economy 4.0

The circular economy (CE) is widely known as a way to implement and achieve sustainability, mainly due to its contribution towards the separation of biological and technical nutrients under cyclic industrial metabolism. The incorporation of the principles of the CE in the links of the value chain of the various sectors of the economy strives to ensure circularity, safety, and efficiency. The framework proposed is aligned with the goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development regarding the orientation towards the mitigation and regeneration of the metabolic rift by considering a double perspective. Firstly, it strives to conceptualize the CE as a paradigm of sustainability. Its principles are established, and its techniques and tools are organized into two frameworks oriented towards causes (cradle to cradle) and effects (life cycle assessment), and these are structured under the three pillars of sustainability, for their projection within the proposed framework. Secondly, a framework is established to facilitate the implementation of the CE with the use of standards, which constitute the requirements, tools, and indicators to control each life cycle phase, and of key enabling technologies (KETs) that add circular value 4.0 to the socio-ecological transition