2 research outputs found

    DIAGN脫STICO DE LOS PRINCIPALES RESIDUOS AGR脥COLAS GENERADOS EN EL DEPARTAMENTO DE BOL脥VAR

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    El sector agr铆cola del departamento de Bol铆var (Colombia) carece de tecnificaci贸n y organizaci贸n, lo cual genera p茅rdidas de producto, que ocasionan baja productividad de los cultivos y deterioro del medio ambiente. Una alternativa para impulsar el sector agr铆cola y agroindustrial consiste en el aprovechamiento de sus residuos para la obtenci贸n de productos de valor agregado. Por esta raz贸n, el presente trabajo tuvo como objeto identificar los principales residuos agr铆colas que se generan en el departamento de Bol铆var, con el fin de establecer oportunidades de proyectos de investigaci贸n e inversi贸n que apunten al desarrollo de dichos sectores. Inicialmente, se realiz贸 un reconocimiento de los productos agr铆colas con mayor producci贸n hist贸rica, y los que se encuentran posicionados como productos emergentes. Con base en esta informaci贸n, se realiz贸 un an谩lisis cualitativo de los residuos generados en las cadenas productivas, y se analizaron las oportunidades para su aprovechamiento. El estudio indic贸 que en Bol铆var no se encuentran cuantificados los residuos, lo que resalta como una primera necesidad para generar investigaciones y avances tecnol贸gicos alrededor del tema. Adem谩s, se concluy贸 que aunque el sector agr铆cola se encuentra rezagado, este representa un gran potencial para la inversi贸n, bajo el condicionante de implementar ciencia y tecnolog铆a para mejorar los rendimientos de los cultivos, y el procesamiento de los residuos. Consecuentemente, se exhort贸 a la generaci贸n de proyectos que apunten hacia la obtenci贸n de productos de valor agregado a partir de material residual agr铆cola, que conduzcan a un incremento en la productividad y competitividad del departamento.

    Determination of Nutritional and Operational Conditions for the Production of Polyhydroxybutyrate by Halomonas boliviensis

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    ABSTRACT: The production of biopolymers is being supported worldwide given the environmental impacts and consciousness regarding the abusive use of conventional synthetic plastics. Polyhydroxyalcanoates (PHAs) are biobased and biodegradable biopolymers that are of particular interest given their outstanding properties and carbon footprint, that enable them to be a suitable replacement to plastics. The most studied PHA is the polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), a short chain length PHA with a broad application field due to its physical and thermal properties alike polyethylene, making it useful in the packaging industry and biocompatible non-toxic properties availing its use in biomedical applications. Despite the benefits provided by this biopolymer, its production at industrial scale is expensive making them uncompetitive or unfeasible respect to petrochemical plastics. Improvements and optimizations must be made to the fermentation process to reduce the costs associated with the production. In this work, the study of nutritional and operational conditions to favor the production of PHB by Halomonas boliviensis using an inexpensive substrate was carried out. The development of this work is presented in four chapters that comprise the overall objective of the research. The first chapter covers the introduction to the topic from the research problem, to the theoretical frame and state of the art leading to understanding what took us to perform this research work. The second chapter contains the first objective, which was to evaluate three inexpensive alternative nitrogen sources on cell growth, PHB production using Halomonas boliviensis considering that is the most expensive constituent of culture media per Kg, and that its cost affects the production economics. In the third chapter, the effect of dissolved oxygen concentrations at bioreactor scale on cell growth and PHB content attained by Halomonas boliviensis was studied to fulfill the second objective. The fourth chapter shows the construction of an unstructured model and parameter estimation of polyhydroxybutyrate production by Halomonas boliviensis
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