Coccidia in the Mammary Glands of Shrews (Order: Insectivora)

Three of 6 female long-clawed shrews, Sorex unguiculatus Dobson, 1890, collected on the island of Hokkaido, Japan, were found to have unsporulated oocysts and sexual stages (both macro- and microgamonts) in varying stages of development of an unidentified coccidium in both lactating and non lactating mammary glands. Gamonts developed in the alveoli of the mammary glands, and oocysts were found in the lactiferous ducts and in pools of milk. Mature macrogamonts were 11.9 × 15.2 μm (10-14 × 14-20 μm), whereas completely developed microgamonts with many gametes were 14.8 × 16.8 μm (10-18 × 13-20 μm). Oocysts in tissue sections were 19.5 × 13.8 μm and had a smooth outer wall that was \u3c1 \u3eμm thick. Little histopathology was associated with the infections. Infected cells were enlarged and appeared cloudy, and in some areas there was leucocytic infiltration by macrophages, small and large lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils, No basophil was seen. We also found sections of a nematode, probably a Mammanidula sp., in sections of an active mammary gland in I of the shrews not infected with the coccidium

Three New Coccidia (Protozoa: Telosporea) from Kingsnakes, \u3ci\u3eLampropeltis\u3c/i\u3e spp., in Illinois, with a Redescription of \u3ci\u3eEimeria zamenis\u3c/i\u3e Phisalix, 1921

Eimeria lampropeltis sp. n., Caryospora lampropeltis sp. n., and Cryptosporidium lampropeltis sp. n. are described from the host Lampropeltis c. calligaster, and Eimeria zamenis is redescribed from this host and from L. getulus holbrooki. Oocysts of E. lampropeltis are ellipsoidal with a smooth outer wall measuring 29 to 38 by 14 to 20 μ, mean 30.4 by 16.3. E. zamenis oocysts are ellipsoidal with a smooth outer wall measuring 28 to 33 by 14 to 19 μ, mean 30.2 by 16.2. Oocysts of Caryospora lampropeltis are round with a finely pitted outer wall measuring 20 to 25 μ in diameter, mean 23.3. Each oocyst contains one thick-walled sporocyst with a prominent Stieda body and eight banana-shaped sporozoites. Cryptosporidium lampropeltis oocysts are ovoid with a thin, smooth outer wall measuring 10 to 12, by 8 to 9 μ, mean 10.9 by 8.1. Each oocyst contains four sporozoites which measure 6 to 8 by 1 to 2 μ, mean 7.0 by 1.9

Global Trifocal Adjustment

In this paper we introduce a fast and robust structure-less alternative to full bundle adjustment. The method is based on optimizing algebraic errors for trilinear constraints from triplets of views. It is shown that the error generated by a triplet of views can be described by a fixed triangular matrix regardless of the number of feature correspondences between the views. The method has been evaluated on various real and synthetic datasets and shows good convergence properties with a large convergence basin and solutions that are close to the optimal solution. The method has been compared to Global Epipolar Adjustment, GEA, which is based on the bilinear constraint. It will be shown that the method can handle the degenerate configurations of GEA