New insight of parenteral nutrition in children – short review

Abstract Admission. Parenteral nutrition (parenteral) is the supply of all essential nutrients - proteins, carbohydrates, fats, electrolytes, vitamins, trace elements and water intravenously. Parenteral nutrition is a generally available method of nutritional treatment used when the supply of food through the gastrointestinal tract is impossible, insufficient or contraindicated. Complete parenteral nutrition should be replaced as soon as possible with feeding to the gastrointestinal tract. Chronic diseases in children are often complicated by serious nutritional deficiencies

Types of diet in enteral nutrition in children – short review

Enteral nutrition is the most basic and important method of nutritional intervention. Indication for nutritional support in children is insufficient oral supply, including inability to cover 60-80% of individual caloric demand for more than 10 days. In newborns, the most common reason for the need for enteral nutrition is prematurity. In infants and older children the following are most often mentioned: short bowel syndrome, neurological disorders, cystic fibrosis, congenital heart disease, burns, severe injuries, renal failure requiring dialysis, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer.According to a review of the literature, nutritional support should be started for children older than 1 year within 5 days, and for children under 1 year within 3 days of being diagnosed with eating disorders.</p