B1 flip angle map comparison of in vivo results from the TW Primate System and the Dual-Helmholtz primate volume head coil.

<p>Exemplary transversal slice of the B1 flip angle map in vivo results acquired with the TW Primate System (σ_{α, ROI1} = 3.1°) (<b>a</b>). Exemplary coronal slice of the B1 flip angle map (in vivo results acquired with the TW Primate System) (σ_{α, ROI2} = 3.9°) (<b>b</b>). Exemplary transversal slice of the B1 flip angle map acquired with the Dual-Helmholtz primate volume head coil (σ_{α, ROI3} = 5.8°) (<b>c</b>). Exemplary coronal slice of the B1 flip angle map acquired with the Dual-Helmholtz primate volume head coil (σ_{α, ROI4} = 5.9°) (<b>d</b>). (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0129371#pone.0129371.s001" target="_blank">S1 File</a>)</p

Simulation model for SAR validation of the TW Primate System in vivo setup.

<p>(<b>1</b>) Simulation model of a monkey. Body with extremities and the head were segmented from anatomic MRI data of a crab-eating macaque in a sphinx position with fixation device; Voxel were ascribed with the electromagnetic permittivity values for body (ε_r = 60) and eyes (ε_r = 69). (<b>2</b>) Patch antenna (<b>3</b>) 3-element phased array primate head coil; (<b>4</b>) RF shield of the gradient system. Perspective view (<b>a</b>). Side view (<b>b</b>).</p

Scheme of the Travelling-Wave Primate System.

<p>Including the main parts: patch antenna to generate a circularly polarized B1 field; RF interface box for driving the patch antenna, 3-element phased array primate head coil, and an external preamplifier interface box.</p

Primate volume head coil.

<p>Side view of the primate head coil with outer volume coil (Tx) (red arrow) in the Dual-Helmholtz design; side view (<b>a</b>). Primate head coil with inner receiver coil (Rx) consisting of 12 elements in phased array design (red arrow); frontal view.</p

Patch antenna for transmit of the B1 field.

<p>CAD model of the patch antenna with dimensions (<b>a</b>). Front view of the constructed patch antenna with tuning capacitors (red arrows) (<b>b</b>). Back side view of the patch antenna with matching capacitors (red arrows) and transport carriage (<b>c</b>).</p

High-resolution 2D EPI in vivo images of an anesthetized crab-eating macaque acquired with the TW Primate System.

<p>Three exemplary consecutive coronal slices are displayed. Gray and white matter in the frontal and parietal lobes are well delineated. Images are not interpolated so that the original resolution is visible (<b>a-c</b>).</p

3-element phased array receive-only primate head coil and monkey fixation device.

<p>CAD Model of the 3-element phased array primate head coil with dimensions (<b>a</b>). 3-element phased array receive-only primate head coil with clay model of monkey head (<b>b</b>). CAD model of the fixation device (<b>c</b>). In-house designed fixation device with PMMA as non-magnetic base material (<b>d</b>).</p

In vivo measurements using the Dual-Helmholtz primate volume head coil.

<p>Exemplary slices of high-resolution 3D TSE of images of an anesthetized crab-eating macaque Every tenth slice in the medial portion of the volume of interest (VOI) is shown to depict the main parts of the monkey brain. Gray and white matter, hippocampus, cerebellum and brain stem are well delineated (<b>a-f</b>).</p

In vivo measurements using the TW Primate System.

<p>Exemplary slices of high-resolution 3D TSE of images of an anesthetized crab-eating macaque. Every tenth slice in the medial portion of the volume of interest (VOI) is shown to depict the main parts of the monkey brain. Gray and white matter, cerebellum and hippocampus are well delineated (<b>a-f</b>).</p

Comparison of the SNR in the high-resolution 3D TSE images from the TW Primate System and the Dual-Helmholtz primate volume head coil.

<p>Selected slice of the anatomical in vivo results of anesthetized crab-eating macaque for the TW Primate System (<b>a</b>). Selected slice for the Dual-Helmholtz primate volume head coil (<b>b</b>).</p