Survivability of probiotic microorganisms in in vitro model of poultry digestive tract

Celem pracy była ocena przeżywalności probiotycznych szczepów bakterii Lactobacillus spp. i droż- dży Saccharomyces cerevisiae podawanych bez dodatku paszy lub z jej udziałem w warunkach modelo- wych, symulujących wybrane odcinki przewodu pokarmowego drobiu. Mikroorganizmy te wchodzą w skład nowo opracowanych mieszanek probiotycznych (A, B i C). Przeżywalność badanych bakterii i drożdży w symulowanych warunkach wola, żołądka i jelita cienkiego oznaczano metodą hodowlaną. Początkowo średnia liczba bakterii Lactobacillus spp. wynosiła (1,00 ÷ 1,95) × 10 9 jtk/ml, natomiast droż- dży – (1,04 ÷ 3,00) × 10 7 jtk/ml. W wyniku pasażu próbek bez dodatku paszy liczba bakterii oraz drożdży ulegała obniżeniu w kolejnych odcinkach symulowanego przewodu pokarmowego i w jelicie cienkim była niższa średnio o 2 rzędy wielkości. W obecności paszy natomiast liczba bakterii Lactobacillus spp. w jelicie cienkim była wyższa średnio o 1 rząd wielkości, a drożdży – średnio o 1,5 rzędu wielkości w porównaniu z mieszankami bez dodatku paszy. Dodatek paszy stanowił zatem czynnik ochronny przed niekorzystnymi warunkami środowiska układu pokarmowego w badaniach modelowych. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników można wskazać na potencjalne zastosowanie mieszanek probiotycznych jako dodat- ku do pasz dla drobiu

Synbiotic yoghurt with walnut and cereal brittle added as a next‐generation bioactive compound: Development and characteristics

The article presents a technology developed for the production of synbiotic Yoghurt with new bioactive filler based on natural components. The Yoghurt has prebiotic and sorption properties. A higher consumer appeal of the product developed has been substantiated; its characteristics compared with the Yoghurt of traditional production technology have been presented. The brittle, containing peeled walnuts, as well as barley, wheat, rye, oatmeal and buckwheat flakes, sugar, and water, was used as a filler. Optimum time and temperature regimes of boiling caramel mixtures and brewing raw walnut–cereal mass in the brittle have been selected. The formulation developed enables increasing the nutritional and biological values of the finished product. The research studies of the finished product involved an analysis of organoleptic, physicochemical, and microbiological points. When performing the tasks, the approved regulatory and technical documentation (GOST) was applied. Each measurement was carried out in triplicate. The physicochemical characteristics of the samples developed were compared with the requirements for the quality of fermented milk products. The nutritional and biological values were calculated. The increase in consumer properties, and nutritional and biological values of the finished dairy product was scientifically substantiated and experimentally confirmed. HIGHLIGHTS A higher consumer appeal of the product developed has been substantiated; its characteristics compared with the Yoghurt of traditional production technology have been presented

Ca-Alginate-Carob Galactomannans Beads to Preserve Viability During Digestive Hostility Transit and Cholesterol Uptake Ability of Probiotic Bacteria

International audienceThe assurance of the bacteria survival is the key of the protective technique aiming to alleviate the bacteria resistance under digestive hostilities. Among the methods of protection, microencapsulation of cells in various biomaterials has given convincing results. We tried to exploit for the first time the emulsifying properties of carob galactomannans reinforced herein by the sodium alginate gel in the microencapsulation of beneficial bacteria. On the other hand, we explored the benefits of this protective technique upon the expression of the bacterial ability to uptake cholesterol, in complement to our previously published results. The present study aimed to develop a new mixed gel containing calcium alginate and galactomannans extracted from the Algerian carob seeds endospermes, for the microencapsulation of the human strain of Lactobacillus rhamnosus LbRE-LSAS; compared with the probiotic strain of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12. Influence of microencapsulation was tested under simulated digestive environment to verify if both bacteria preserve their viability and their cholesterol assimilation ability. High viable loads of encapsulated LbRE-LSAS and Bb12 were registered (6.97 and 8.66 of 10 Log CFU g −1 , respectively). Conversely, the free cell levels strongly (P < 0.05) decreased during exposure to the digestive simulated conditions. According to our results, the new formed gel permits to improve 1.8-fold on average the cholesterol assimilation ability of probiotic bacteria. We underlined the possible use of carob galactomannans-Ca-alginate beads as alternative healthy solution in protecting beneficial bacteria under gastro-intestinal conditions, and by the way, lowering the serum cholesterol level in the host

The prospective areas and resources of metal ores and chemical raw materials in Poland on the maps at a scale of 1 : 200,000 with their resource assessment in relation to environmental and spatial conflicts

As part of the tasks performed by the Polish Geological Survey (Polish Geological Institute - National Research Institute), 260 prospective maps (MOP) at a scale of 1 : 200,000 have been developed in the period of 2013-2015. These maps were designed for metal ores (Cu-Ag, Zn-Pb, Mo-W, Ni, Sn, Au, Pt, Pd and Zn oxide ore - galmans) and chemical raw materials (rock and potash salts, gypsum, anhydrite and native sulphur), in relation to the assessment of raw materials resources and environmental restrictions and land use planning. The total surface of prospective teritories projected onto the surface area is ~15.25 thousand km2 for metal ores and ca. 52.5 thousand km2 for chemical raw materials. The estimated resources of predicted ore deposits (prognostic and prospective) are approx. 42.2 million Mg of Cu and 75 thousands Mg of Ag (12 prospective areas), ca. 20 million Mg of Zn-Pb ores (in 4 prospective areas), 32 million Mg of Ni ores of weathering type (10 prospective areas), from 9.4 to 21.5 Mg of Au encountered by orogenic vein and metasomatic deposits (7 prospective areas), and ca. 22 million Mg of Sn ores. The estimated prognostic and prospective resources of chemical raw materials (at a depth of not more than 2000 m) are: ca. 4.059 trillion Mg of rock salt (68 prospective areas) and ca. 3638.1 million Mg of potash (12 prospective areas), as well as ca. 575.6 billion Mg of gypsum and anhydrite, and 202 million Mg of native sulphur (prognostic resources). In the assessment of environmental conflicts and land use planning, 125 information data sheets developed environmental conditions for prospective areas (with the exception of rock salts, which are discussed in the regional aspect). Development of the designated prospective areas may be important in the future to ensure the availability of raw material safety, not only for Poland, but also for the European Union, thus contributing positively to economic growth and prosperity of local communities