3 research outputs found
Kezdeti tapasztalatok a HUNCHEST – alacsony dózisú CT-tüdőrákszűrési pilotprogrammal = First experiences with HUNCHEST – low-dose CT lung cancer screening programme
Absztrakt:
Bevezetés: A tüdőrák évente átlagosan több mint 8000 beteg
halálát okozza hazánkban. Célkitűzés: Nemzetközi vizsgálatok
alapján az alacsony dózisú CT-vizsgálattal (LDCT) végzett szűrés igazoltan
csökkenti a rizikócsoportba tartozó személyek tüdőrák-mortalitását. A 2014-ben
indított HUNCHEST pilotprojekt során azt vizsgáljuk, hogy a szűrés milyen módon
kivitelezhető hazánkban, illetve a krónikus obstruktív tüdőbetegség (COPD)
anamnézisű személyek körében magasabb lesz-e a kiemelt tüdőrákok aránya.
Módszer: 50–79 éves korcsoportban alacsony dózisú
CT-vizsgálat készül dohányos és nem dohányos, COPD-s és nem COPD-s csoportokban.
Eredmények és következtetés: A vizsgálat jelenleg is a
betegbevonás szakaszában tart, de az Országos Korányi Pulmonológiai Intézetben
rendelkezésre álló első eredmények tükrében röviden ismertetjük a vizsgálat
alapelveit. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(43): 1741–1746.
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Abstract:
Introduction: Lung cancer is the cause of death of around 8000
Hungarians each year. Aim: International studies have proved
that low-dose CT (LDCT) screening lowers the lung cancer mortality of high risk
patients. The HUNCHEST pilot study launched in 2014 studies the possibilities of
a lung cancer screening programme in Hungary. The study is also aimed at showing
whether there is an increased number of detected lung cancer in the subgroup
with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Method: COPD
and nonCOPD subjects, smokers and non-smokers are screened with low-dose CT in
the 50–79 age group. Results and conclusion: The study is still
undergoing recruitement, but in the light of the first results, the principles
of the screening programme at the National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology are
also presented. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(43): 1741–1746
HUNCHEST-II contributes to a shift to earlier-stage lung cancer detection: final results of a nationwide screening program
The introduction of low-dose CT (LDCT) altered the landscape of lung cancer (LC) screening and contributed to the reduction of mortality rates worldwide. Here we report the final results of HUNCHEST-II, the largest population-based LDCT screening program in Hungary, including the screening and diagnostic outcomes, and the characteristics of the LC cases.A total of 4215 high-risk individuals aged between 50 and 75 years with a smoking history of at least 25 pack-years were assigned to undergo LDCT screening. Screening outcomes were determined based on the volume, growth, and volume doubling time of pulmonary nodules or masses. The clinical stage distribution of screen-detected cancers was compared with two independent practice-based databases consisting of unscreened LC patients.The percentage of negative and indeterminate tests at baseline were 74.2% and 21.7%, respectively, whereas the prevalence of positive LDCT results was 4.1%. Overall, 76 LC patients were diagnosed throughout the screening rounds (1.8% of total participants), out of which 62 (1.5%) patients were already identified in the first screening round. The overall positive predictive value of a positive test was 58%. Most screen-detected malignancies were stage I LCs (60.7%), and only 16.4% of all cases could be classified as stage IV disease. The percentage of early-stage malignancies was significantly higher among HUNCHEST-II screen-detected individuals than among the LC patients in the National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology's archive or the Hungarian Cancer Registry (p < 0.001).HUNCHEST-II demonstrates that LDCT screening for LC facilitates early diagnosis, thus arguing in favor of introducing systematic LC screening in Hungary.HUNCHEST-II is the so-far largest population-based low-dose CT screening program in Hungary. A positive test's overall positive predictive value was 58%, and most screen-detected malignancies were early-stage lesions. These results pave the way for expansive systematic screening in the region.• Conducted in 18 medical facilities, HUNCHEST-II is the so far largest population-based low-dose CT screening program in Hungary. • The vast majority of screen-detected malignancies were early-stage lung cancers, and the overall positive predictive value of a positive test was 58%. • HUNCHEST-II facilitates early diagnosis, thus arguing in favor of introducing systematic lung cancer screening in Hungary