Hypnosis as an Alternative to General Anesthesia for Orthopedic Hand Surgery: A Case Report

The effectiveness of psychological techniques such as patient education, cognitive and behavioral interventions, relaxation techniques, hypnosis, therapeutic suggestion interventions, and emotion-focused interventions has been assessed through the outcomes of postoperative pain, perioperative anxiety, quality of life, and recovery in adults. In this case presentation, we introduce using of hypnosis as an approach to pain control in hand surgery

Case report: Secretory breast cancer in an 11-year-old girl

AbstractA lack of consensus about the optimal treatment modalities for breast cancer in children is because of its absolutely rare prevalence. In this article, the medical history and treatment of a secretory breast carcinoma in an 11-year-old girl is reported. Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) was performed on April 6, 2013. Systemic chemotherapy was performed after surgery because metastatic lymph nodes were found in the dissected axillary tissue. Long term follow-up had to be done

Colonic basidiobolomycosis in a child: report of a culture-proven case

SummaryBasidiobolomycosis is a rare fungal disease caused by Basidiobolus ranarum, which is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis poses diagnostic difficulties due to the non-specific clinical presentation and absence of predisposing factors. Eight pediatric cases of the disease have been reported recently from Iran, but none of these, or most of the other cases reported in the literature, has been proven by culture, which is the gold standard method for diagnosis. We present a case of culture-proven colonic basidiobolomycosis that occurred in a 3-year-old boy. The outcome was successful following surgical excision and antifungal therapy with posaconazole

The clinical application of Circulating tumor cells and DNAs as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancer

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is one of the most common cancers globally. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms are involved in its pathogenesis. The conventional methods for diagnosis and screening for GI cancers are often invasive and have other limitations. In the era of personalized medicine, a novel non-invasive approach called liquid biopsy has been introduced for the detection and management of GI cancers, which focuses on the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA). Several studies have shown that this new approach allows for an improved understanding of GI tumor biology and will lead to an improvement in clinical management. The aim of the current review is to explore the clinical applications of CTCs and ctDNA in patients with GI cancer. Key words: Gastrointestinal cancer; Liquid biopsy; CTCs; ctDNA; biomarkers; tumor biolog

Successful Treatment of Congenital Chyloperitoneum with Platelet-Rich Fibrin Glue

Background: Congenital chyloperitoneum is an uncommon clinical condition. A few cases of congenital chyloperitoneum in children have been described who were treated in a variety of methods. Case Presentation: Congenital chyloperito was diagnosed in a 5-day-old baby boy with a significant abdominal distension. Due to the failed conservative managements by medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) enriched milk and partial parenteral nutrition (PPN), the authors tried platelet rich fibrin glue (PRFG) as an alternative choice which was applied through an already inserted intra-abdominal catheter. PRFG successfully stopped the lymph leakage from all over the small intestinal mesentery; thereby PRFG may be considered as an effective alternative treatment before surgical intervention. Conclusion: Applying PRFG is an easy, safe, and effective alternative option that may be used to close the chylous ascites lymph leakage in children if conservative management with PPN fails

Different types of anastomotic methods: a review of literature

Constructing successful anastomosis is an important concept in gastrointestinal tract surgeries, which can be affected by various factors such as preoperative bowel condition, intra- and postoperative complications, bleeding and the device characteristics. Suturing, stapling and compression anastomosis are different techniques. Despite the invention of compression anastomosis, which goes back almost two centuries, this method has not obtained the popularity of the suturing and stapling anastomosis and further studies are required. Designing methods and devices with no drawbacks might reduce the complications associated with anastomosis as the alternative to suturing and stapling anastomoses. Several materials can be used as reinforcement materials, which can improve the consequences of the stapled anastomosis. In addition to reinforcement materials, other forms of supports have been proposed, which might be capable of reducing the postoperative complications of anastomosis. In this study, we briefly review various types of anastomotic techniques and associated complications in different types of gastrointestinal surgeries

Esophageal lung in an infant

Communicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformations (CBPFMs) or esophageal lung, are rare malformation which define by communication between respiratory system with esophagus or stomach. We presented a case whit esophageal lung, in whom the entire right lung was originated from esophagus. Right pneumonectomy was done and the esophagus was repaired. The aim of this case report is to focus on early diagnosis and proper surgical management

Comparative Study of High Powerful Magnet with Conventional Repair of Suture in the Intestinal Anastomosis of Rats

Background In this study, given the importance of gastrointestinal anastomosis in surgical procedures, attempts have been made to compare the results of employing magnetic compression anastomosis and magnetic coils in intestinal anastomosis of rats. Materials and Methods This study was an experimental trial on 60 rats which had been randomly divided into two experiment (30) and control (30) groups. First, the rat intestine was cut off from a relatively fixed point and then magnet anastomosis was performed at the both ends of bowel in the control group and manual suture in the experiment group.  Anastomosis was then examined 10 days after the surgery for possible complications with a histological analysis of the indices of tissue repair. Results The mean time required for performing anastomosis of the rat intestine was 735 and 366 seconds for the control and experiment groups, respectively. Also, the laparotomy performed 10 days after the first operation did not show any significant difference between two groups in terms of surgical complications such as infiltration factor of inflammatory cell and fibroblast activity (P>0.05). The microscopic examination indicated that the tissue reaction in the anastomosis site was better in terms of tissue repair of neo-angiogenesis intestine and collagen deposition in the magnet group(P>0.05).   Conclusion Given the shorter duration of the anastomosis by magnets and more favorable histological results reported in the experiment group, as well as the lack of any significant difference in complications of the two techniques, magnetic compressive anastomosis can be used as a new technique for intestinal surgeries and pertaining anastomosis. Although, we recommend that study will be done with large sample size to obtain reliable results

Herniation of the appendix into the umbilical cord complicating umbilical vessel cannulation

Umbilical catheters (UC) have become the most common way to access neonatal veins and arteries especially after the increasing the number of preterm newborns. Significant clinical complications have been reported with this increased usage of UC. We present a rare complication of umbilical catheterization in a newborn with asphyxia that had meconium discharge after UC. Keywords: Umbilical catheter, Complicatio

Pathological evaluation of ganglion cells in biopsies from upper side of the dentate line in patients with perianal problems

Introduction: Constipation is one of the most common complaints of individuals, which may present with complication like hemorrhoid and fissure. Hirschsprung is a disease presenting with chronic constipation and its diagnosis may be delayed until adulthood. It is diagnosed by biopsies from anorectal transitional zone. This study aimed to evaluate the association between Hirschsprung and anorectal problems. Method: Sixty three patients with anorectal problems who underwent surgery enrolled in this study. Some consecutive biopsies were obtained from anal canal at 2, 4 and 6 cm above the dentate line. Biopsies were assessed for ganglion cells changes. Patients' data and biopsies results were analyzed with SPSS version18. Results: Out of 63 patients 29 (46 %) patients were female and 34 (54 %) were male with the mean of 32.65 ± 13.73 years. Fifty six (73 %) patients complained from constipation with the mean time of 57.65 ± 45.21 months. Aganglionic zone were reported in six patients with the mean length of 43.33 mm. There was not any relation between anal ganglion cells pathology and constipation (p=0.363), but there was a significant relation between duration of constipation and pathologic changes (p=0.001). The ratio of constipation duration to age was related to anal ganglion cell pathology (p=0.001). Hemorrhoid degree was also affected anal ganglion cells pathology (p=0.037). Conclusion: The relation between Hirschsprung's disease and anorectal problems in adults were significant. The pathologic findings were more presented in younger patients, and those with longer history of constipation and lower degree hemorrhoids. Key words: Anal ganglion cells, Hemorrhoids, Constipatio