Comparing the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy and an Islam-based spirituality therapy on quality of life in hypertensive cardiac patients

Background and aims: This study aimed to compare the effect of the mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) with cognitive approach, with that of the spiritual therapy with Islamic approach on quality of life among hypertensive cardiac patients. Methods: All cardiovascular patients referred to the cohort center in Shahrekord in 2019 were included in this semi-experimental (pretest-posttest design) study. Using convenience sampling method, 75 patients were selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group in such a way that each group included 25 individuals. The McNew quality of life questionnaire was used to collect the required data. All groups received standard medical drugs under the supervision of a cardiologist. In addition to standard medical treatment, the experimental groups underwent MBSR with a cognitive approach (8 sessions lasting 90 minutes) and spiritual therapy based on Islam (8 sessions lasting 90 minutes); The control group received no non-medical intervention. Data were analyzed by using AVOVA and paired t test. Results: The overall score of quality of life in the MBSR and spiritual therapy groups increased significantly after the intervention (P<0.001). As for the control group, however, the overall score of quality of life remained unchanged after the intervention (P=0.10). Significant differences were observed in the total scores of quality of life among the three groups so that the mean score of the difference in the total score of quality of life in the spiritual therapy group before and after the intervention was higher than those in other groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: MBSR therapy and specially Islam-based spiritual therapy had the potential to improve the quality of life in hypertensive cardiac patients. Keywords: Mindfulness-based stress reduction, Cognitive behavior therapy, Quality of life, Cardiovascular disease, Islam-based spiritual therap

The efficacy of schema therapy on coping styles and body image concerns in obese people with binge-eating disorder : A single subject study

Background: Inefficient coping styles and concern about body image are among the components that affect obese people with binge-eating disorders and lead to unhealthy eating behaviors. However, deep psychological interventions that focus on these components have received less attention. Considering that schema therapy is an integrated, deep, and effective treatment, the question of the current research is whether this intervention can affect coping styles and body image concerns in obese people with binge-eating disorders. Aims: The purpose of the study was the effectiveness of schema therapy on coping styles and body image concerns in obese people with binge eating disorder. Methods: The design of the current research was semi-experimental with a single-subject structure, including baseline, intervention and follow-up. The statistical population of the study included all obese women suffering from overeating who referred to a slimming clinic in Tehran in 2021-2022. The research sample consisted of eight obese women. The research tools were Young and Rygh's extreme compensation questionnaire (1994), Young and Rygh's avoidance questionnaire (1994), Fairburn’s eating disorder symptoms questionnaire (2008) and semi-structured interview and schema therapy protocol (Simpson, 2018). For data analysis, percentage of non-overlapping data, improvement percentage, valid change index and trend chart were used. Results: Indicators of improvement percentage, percentage of non-overlapping data, and reliable change index in the avoidance variable for the second, fourth, sixth, seventh, and eighth participants; In the variable of extreme compensation for the fourth, sixth, seventh, and eighth participants and in the variable of physical concerns, all the participants had a significant improvement in the intervention and follow-up stage (they had an RCI higher than 1.96), which indicates The efficacy and stability of schema therapy results. Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of schema therapy on extreme avoidance and compensation styles and body image concerns, it is suggested to pay attention to the physical components in the treatment of obese people suffering from overeating, to psychological components such as maladaptive schemas and coping styles arising from them