Who is a Nuisance? Criminal Activity Nuisance Ordinances in Ohio

Criminal Activity Nuisance Ordinances (CANOs) are local laws found in thousands of cities throughout the country which penalize property owners if repeated incidents of criminal activity related to their property occur over a set period of time (typically, 12 months). Nearly 50 cities in Ohio have CANOs, including more than 20 in Northeast Ohio.Drawing on extensive public records from a sample of Northeast Ohio cities, this report offers a snapshot of CANOs and how they are being used. • CANOs disproportionately impact renters, people using housing vouchers, and people of color. • Race and class stereotypes surface in public discussions of CANOs, and are sometimes invoked to justify the establishment or enhancement of CANOs • CANOs are frequently applied beyond their scope to target minor, non-criminal behavior • Many cities across Ohio put survivors of domestic violence at heightened risk of eviction by defining domestic violence as a “nuisance activity”; in some cities, more than half of CANO letters are sent in response to domestic violence incidents• If emergency services are sent to a home in response to a call made to a suicide hotline, that property can be deemed a nuisance • Seeking medical assistance for someone experiencing a drug overdose crisis is a common reason that properties are placed on a nuisance list • It is often difficult or even impossible for a property owner or tenant to challenge a mistaken nuisance designationWhile the findings presented in this report center on Northeast Ohio, residents in the thousands of other cities with CANOs across the country may be experiencing similar impact. We encourage policymakers, researchers, and community stakeholders to use this report to inform deeper conversations on the implications of CANOs, and to expand research on the use and consequences of these laws

The Grizzly, October 26, 2000

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How Lakewood\u27s Criminal Activity Nuisance Ordinance Undermines Housing Stability and Endangers Households in Crisis

Since 2005, Lakewood, Ohio, has used a Criminal Activity Nuisance Ordinance (CANO) to penalize property owners for multiple emergency services visits to their properties. Lakewood continues to enforce its CANO despite 7 nearby cities amending similar laws to protect survivors of domestic violence. To better understand the implications of CANOs, we took a close look at their enforcement in multiple cities, including Lakewood. Using the 75 nuisance designations Lakewood issued from February 2014 to May 2016, we found several disturbing enforcement patterns. 1 of 3 nuisance letters are sent to survivors of domestic violence. African American households much more likely to receive a nuisance letter. Having a disability or mental health crisis is a common path to eviction. Tenants lack notice or chance to be heard. We urge Lakewood to reconsider its CANO in light of these finding

How Lakewood\u27s Criminal Activity Nuisance Ordinance Undermines Housing Stability and Endangers Households in Crisis

Since 2005, Lakewood, Ohio, has used a Criminal Activity Nuisance Ordinance (CANO) to penalize property owners for multiple emergency services visits to their properties. Lakewood continues to enforce its CANO despite 7 nearby cities amending similar laws to protect survivors of domestic violence. To better understand the implications of CANOs, we took a close look at their enforcement in multiple cities, including Lakewood. Using the 75 nuisance designations Lakewood issued from February 2014 to May 2016, we found several disturbing enforcement patterns. 1 of 3 nuisance letters are sent to survivors of domestic violence. African American households much more likely to receive a nuisance letter. Having a disability or mental health crisis is a common path to eviction. Tenants lack notice or chance to be heard. We urge Lakewood to reconsider its CANO in light of these finding

Very Long Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency Diagnosed by Michigan Newborn Screening and their Cardiac Complications

With the expansion of newborn screening (NBS), there has been an increase in the number of patients diagnosed with genetic and metabolic conditions before the onset of symptoms. Very Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (VLCADD) is a genetic disorder of fatty acid metabolism that can cause hypoglycemia, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, cardiomyopathy and cardiac arrhythmias. VLCADD was included in the Michigan NBS in 2005 and since then, our center has diagnosed 28 patients with VLCADD. We have observed that many of these patients are asymptomatic or have a mild disease presentation. These patients may also have a lower incidence of cardiac complications than patients diagnosed from early-onset symptoms. VLCADD exhibits a wide range of clinical outcomes, depending on many factors including genotype, care access, and onset of symptoms. By reviewing current literature and our patient cohort data, we aimed to test our hypothesis that mild patients detected via NBS who are otherwise asymptomatic have a lower incidence of cardiac complications than previously suspected. Understanding this relationship may help optimize recommendations for treatment and screening in VLCADD patients

Treating Neighbors as Nuisances: Troubling Applications of Criminal Activity Nuisance Ordinances

Thousands of cities nationwide enforce Criminal Activity Nuisance Ordinances that catalyze the eviction of tenants when there are two or more police visits to a property. We report findings of an empirical study of enforcement of nuisance ordinances, finding that cities often target survivors of domestic violence, people experiencing a mental health crisis, nonprofit organizations serving people with disabilities, people seeking life-saving medical intervention to prevent a fatal drug overdose, and non-criminal behavior such as playing basketball or being “disrespectful.” Codifying into public policy a path to homelessness in these instances is not only cruel and counterproductive, but likely violates the Fair Housing Act and the Constitution