GAMBARAN MUAL-MUNTAH, GANGGUAN PENGECAPAN, DAN PEMILIHAN MAKANAN SPESIFIK PADA KEHAMILAN

Pregnant women are one of the groups that are vulnerable to nutritional problems. Hormonal changes in pregnant women are suspected to be the cause of changes in the eating habits of pregnant women and if not addressed, will affect their nutritional status. This study aimed to determine the problems affecting pregnant women's food intake, including emesis during pregnancy, taste disorders, and the selection of specific foods in pregnant women. This study is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. Samples were taken using a consecutive sampling method, with criteria for pregnant women in the first trimester at Al-Syifa Clinic Palembang who were willing to participate. We took primary data were taken through questionnaires and interviews with 48 respondents. This study showed that 43 people (89.6%) of respondents had a history of emesis during pregnancy. Twenty-eight people (58.3%) had a moderate degree of hyperemesis gravidarum, and only one had a severe degree of hyperemesis gravidarum  (2.1%). A total of 47 people (97.7%) admitted to having taste disorders. Pregnant women in this study tended to experience a decrease in sweet, salty, bitter, and sour tastes. Thirty-three pregnant women (68.8%) wanted specific foods, and 44 (91.7%) avoided certain foods. Further research is needed to identify the relationship between hyperemesis gravidarum, taste disorders, and specific food choices in pregnant women on their diet and nutritional status.Ibu hamil adalah salah satu kelompok yang rentan mengalami masalah gizi. Perubahan hormon pada ibu hamil diduga menjadi penyebab berubahnya kebiasaan makan ibu hamil, dan bila tidak diatasi, akan memengaruhi status gizinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui masalah yang memengaruhi asupan makan ibu hamil, meliputi emesis gravidarum, gangguan pengecapan, dan pemilihan makanan spesifik pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan metode consecutive sampling, dengan kriteria ibu hamil trimester pertama di Klinik Al-Syifa Palembang yang bersedia berpartisipasi. Data primer diambil melalui kuesioner dan wawancara pada 48 responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sebanyak 43 orang (89,6%) responden memiliki riwayat emesis gravidarum. Dua puluh delapan orang (58,3%) di antaranya termasuk dalam kategori emesis gravidarum derajat sedang, dan hanya 1 orang derajat berat (2,1%). Sebanyak 47 orang (97,7%) mengaku mengalami gangguan pengecapan. Ibu hamil pada penelitian ini cenderung lebih banyak mengalami penurunan pengecapan rasa manis, asin, pahit, dan asam. Total 33 ibu hamil (68,8%) menginginkan makanan spesifik dan 44 ibu hamil (91,7%) menghindari makanan tertentu. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara emesis gravidarum, gangguan pengecapan, dan pemilihan makanan spesifik pada ibu hamil terhadap pola makan secara maupun status gizinya