Cytokine production profile and lytic activities of <i>Aspergillus-</i>specific T cells.

<p><b>A, B.</b> The frequencies of <i>Aspergillus</i> specific T cells producing IFNγ, IL-10, IL-4 or IL-17A against the seven recombinant antigens, either as EM (dark gray portion of the columns) or CM (light gray portion of the columns), are shown as mean % positive cells ± standard deviation, computed over the 22 patients with IA. Results are expressed as percentages of either CD4⁺ T cells (A) or of CD8⁺ T cells (B). <b>C.</b> White columns represent rates of hyphal damage by <i>Aspergillus</i>-specific T cells expanded from PBMCs stimulated with heat killed <i>Aspergillus</i> conidia. Black columns represent rates of hyphal damage by <i>Aspergillus</i>-specific T cells expanded from PBMCs stimulated with <i>Aspergillus</i> recombinant antigens (GEL1, PEP1, α1–3 glucan, β1–3 glucan) at two and twenty two-hour cultures. E/T = effector/target cell ratio. <b>D.</b> Rates of hyphal damage by <i>Aspergillus</i>-specific T cells expanded with <i>Aspergillus</i> either heat killed conidia (white columns) or recombinant antigens (GEL1, PEP1, α1–3 glucan, β1–3 glucan) (black columns); by the supernatant of cultures of <i>Aspergillus</i>-specific T cell lines only; by antigen presenting cells (APCs); by polymophonuclears (PMNs) and by combinations of the different three cell fractions from three further patients with IA, at two-hour cultures. * = <i>P</i><.05. E/T = effector/target cell ratio. Results are expressed as mean+−Standard Deviation.</p

Clinical characteristics of the patients.

<p>AML = acute myeloid leukemia; ALL = acute lymphoblastic leukemia; CLL = chronic lymphocytic leukemia; AlloSCT = allogeneic stem cell transplant; AutoSCT = autologous stem cell transplant; DLCBL = diffuse large B cell lymphoma; NHL = non Hodgkin lymphoma; MDS = myelodysplastic syndrome; CNS = central nervous system; IA = proven Invasive Aspergillosis; RSV = respiratory syncytial virus; CMV = cytomegalovirus; E. coli = Escherichia coli; pos = positive; neg = negative; L-AmB = liposomal amphotericin B.</p

Kinetics of specific T-cell responses to the seven recombinant antigens of <i>Aspergillus</i> by IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-4 ELISpot assay in 22 patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA), patient 1 to patient 10.

<p>Kinetics of specific T-cell responses to the seven recombinant antigens of <i>Aspergillus</i> by IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-4 ELISpot assay in 22 patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA), patient 1 to patient 10.</p

<i>Aspergillus</i>-specific T-cell responses to the 7 recombinant antigens during the course of Invasive Aspegillosis (IA).

<p><b>A,B,C,D. A.</b> Box plots showing specific immune responses producing IL-10 (yellow columns) to any single recombinant antigen. The horizontal axis represents the antigen, which the specific immune responses are directed to. <b>B.</b> Box plot showing specific immune responses producing IL-10 (yellow columns) against all the 7 recombinant antigens at the four phases of the IA. The horizontal axis represents the different phases of IA. <b>C.</b> Box plot showing specific immune responses producing IFN-γ (blue columns) to any single recombinant antigen. The horizontal axis represents the antigen, which the specific immune responses are directed to. <b>D.</b> Box plot showing specific immune responses producing IFN-γ (blue columns) against all the 7 recombinant antigens at the four phases of the IA. The horizontal axis represents the different phases of IA. The vertical axis shows the number of spot-forming cells (SFCs) per million peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).The upper horizontal line represents the upper adjacent value. The upper hinge of the boxes represents the 75^th percentile. The middle horizontal line of the boxes represents the median value. The lower hinge of the boxes represents the 25^th percentile. The lower horizontal line represents the lower adjacent value. Yellow dots and blue dots are outrange values.</p

Kinetics of specific T-cell responses to the seven recombinant antigens of <i>Aspergillus</i> by IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-4 ELISpot assay in 22 patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA), patient 11 to patient 22.

<p>Blue columns represent the number of <i>Aspergillus</i>-specific T cells producing IFN-γ; yellow columns represent the number of <i>Aspergillus</i>-specific T cells producing IL-10; green columns represent the number of <i>Aspergillus</i>-specific T cells producing IL-17A; red columns represent the number of <i>Aspergillus</i>-specific T cells producing IL-4; dark gray background represents T-cell responses in wells with anti-CD3 antibody. Vertical axis shows the number of spot-forming cells (SFCs) per million peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs); horizontal axis indicates the antigen, which the specific immune responses are directed to and the phase of IA calculated as the number of days elapsed from the radiological diagnosis of the infection (t1, from the radiologic disclosure of the infectious lesions until day +14; t2, from day +15 until day +30; t3, from day +31 to day +45; t4, from day +46 to day 60 days; t4+ >61 days). CRF1 =  ortholog of Crh1p associated in β1,6 glucan-chitin linkages; PEP1 =  aspartic protease; GEL1 = 1,3-β glucanosyltransferase; α1–3 glu = α1–3 glucan; β1–3 glu = β1–3 glucan; SOD1 =  superoxide dismutase; and GM = galactomannan. Pt = patient. * = patients with unfavorable outcome. ^∧ = patients with probable IA. The red dotted line divides the two groups of patients: from pt n° 1 to pt n° 15 with <i>Aspergillus</i>-specific T cells producing IFN-γ to two or more antigens; from pt n° 16 to pt n° 22 without <i>Aspergillus</i>-specific T cells producing IFN-γ or with such cells to only one antigen.</p