Influence of Storage on Quality and Sensorial Properties of Sports Drink with Lemon Juice and Isomaltulose

Lemon juice is a very common base in sports drinks because of its fresh and pleasant taste. Sugar isomaltulose is relatively new sugar suitable for sports drinks due to low glycemic index, but is still not widely used. Sports drink, the subject of this research, is only one produced in Croatia and present on Croatian market with added isomaltulose. Given this innovation in drink formulation the aim of this study was to monitor the quality and sensorial properties of the drink during six months storage at ambient temperature 20±2oC. Researched drink was produced in industrial plant in Croatia in ordinary production for commercial purpose, and was formulated and declared as isotonic. To achieve the required properties drink besides mentioned ingredients (lemon juice and isomaltulose) contains, fructose, minerals (sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, zinc) and vitamins (C, E, niacin). Produced drink was filled in polyethylene terephthalate bottles and analysed after 0, 2, 3, 5 and 6 months of storage. Due to monitoring stability of quality properties of drink soluble dry matter, pH value, acidity, colour parameters (by CIELAB method), osmolality (by osmometer), content of isomaltulose and vitamins (by high-performance liquid chromatography), and minerals (by atomic absorption spectrometer) were determined. Sensory properties were determined by quantitative descriptive method. Considering quality parameters significant changes were observed only in amount of vitamin C as well as colour parameters L*, a*, b* while all others remained unchanged during six months storage at 20±2oC. Further, among sensory attributes researched drink undergone the significant changes in colour (darkening) and taste (lower acidity and fresh fruit taste and higher sweetness). High correlation between sensory and instrumental determined colour was established. Despite mostly all quality parameters remained stable during all storage time without any trend of soon changes, six months of shelf life is maximal due to colour and taste are limiting factors

Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 in Primary and Recurrent Breast Carcinomas

The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) comprise a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that are secreted as inactive precursors, which are activated by cleavage of an N-terminal pro-peptide. Their basic mechanisms of action include cancer cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, and the regulation of tumour angiogenesis and immune surveillance. The expression of MMP2 and MMP9 has been associated with high potential of metastasis in several human carcinomas including breast cancer. The 29 female patients, 9 premenopausal and 20 postmenopausal, aged from 37 to 79 years were included in this study. Tissue samples were examined in 29 primary and 48 recurrent carcinomas using the tissue microarrays which included 102 cores of primary breast carcinomas and 96 of recurrent breast carcinomas. Immunohistochemistry determined a pattern of expression for MMP9. The staining was diffuse cytoplasmic, strong, moderate, faint/weak and negative. The majority of the breast carcinomas stained homogenously for MMP9 on tumor cells. Statistically significant correlation was found for the expression of MMP9 between primary and recurrent breast carcinomas in general (p<0.001) and in tumors that were grouped as recurrence before (p=0.039) and after 24 months (p<0.001). Strong expression of MMP9 was observed in primary tumors that recurred after 24 months, median: 162.5 (score range 0–300) and those tumors that recurred before 24 months of the initial diagnosis, median: 102.5 (score range 0–250) (p=0.026)

Cambios en la composición básica nutritiva y la composición de acidos grasos la producción del kulen de Eslavonia

Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati promjene u osnovnom kemijskom sastavu i sastavu masnih kiselina Slavonskog kulena tijekom proizvodnog procesa. Tijekom proizvodnje uzimani su uzorci kulena (n=30) 1. dan (sirovi kulen/nadjev) i tijekom procesa zrenja (30., 60., 90. i 120. dan) te su provedene kemijske analize osnovnog nutritivnog sastava i sastava masnih kiselina. Promjene osnovnog kemijskog sastava Slavonskog kulena po fazama proizvodnog procesa bile su u skladu s literaturnim podacima. U gotovim proizvodima utvrđen je omjer n-6/n-3 masnih kiselina od 7,61±0,62, MUFA/SFA od 1,04±0,08 te PUFA/SFA od 0,20±0,02, što su omjeri masnih kiselina karakteristični za proizvode od svinjskog mesa. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da proces fermentacije te tromjesečnog zrenja Slavonskog kulena nema značajniji utjecaj (P>0,05) na omjer n-6/n-3 masnih kiselina, dok su za ostale skupine masnih kiselina odnosno njihove omjere, u pojedine dane tijekom proizvodnog procesa, određene statistički značajne razlike (P 0.05) on the ratio of n 6/n-3 fatty acids, while for the particular other groups of fatty acids or their ratios, on individual days during the production process, resulted with statistically significant differences ( p 0,05) auf das Verhältnis n-6/n-3 der Fettsäuren hat, während für andere Gruppen der Fettsäuren bzw. deren Verhältnisse in manchen Tagen während des Herstellungsprozesses statistisch bedeutende Unterschiede (P0,05) sul rapporto degli acidi grassi n-6/n-3, mentre, per quanto riguarda gli altri gruppi di acidi grassi, o meglio i loro rapporti, in singoli giorni del processo produttivo sono state registrate differenze statisticamente rilevanti (P0,05) sobre la proporción n-6/n-3 de ácidos grasos, mientras para el resto de los ácidos grasos y sus proporciónes fueron determinadas las diferencias estadísticamente significantes (P<0,05) durante algunos días del proceso de la producción

Operacija primarnog tumora mozga u budnom stanju bolesnika [Awake surgery for a primary brain tumor]

Awake brain surgery has been approved as a safe and efficaceous operative procedure with the goal of maximal tumor resection and preservation of neurological function. This case report presents the first full awake primary brain tumor surgical procedure performed in Croatia

Influence of Storage on Quality and Sensorial Properties of Sports Drink with Lemon Juice and Isomaltulose

Lemon juice is a very common base in sports drinks because of its fresh and pleasant taste. Sugar isomaltulose is relatively new sugar suitable for sports drinks due to low glycemic index, but is still not widely used. Sports drink, the subject of this research, is only one produced in Croatia and present on Croatian market with added isomaltulose. Given this innovation in drink formulation the aim of this study was to monitor the quality and sensorial properties of the drink during six months storage at ambient temperature 20±2oC. Researched drink was produced in industrial plant in Croatia in ordinary production for commercial purpose, and was formulated and declared as isotonic. To achieve the required properties drink besides mentioned ingredients (lemon juice and isomaltulose) contains, fructose, minerals (sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, zinc) and vitamins (C, E, niacin). Produced drink was filled in polyethylene terephthalate bottles and analysed after 0, 2, 3, 5 and 6 months of storage. Due to monitoring stability of quality properties of drink soluble dry matter, pH value, acidity, colour parameters (by CIELAB method), osmolality (by osmometer), content of isomaltulose and vitamins (by high-performance liquid chromatography), and minerals (by atomic absorption spectrometer) were determined. Sensory properties were determined by quantitative descriptive method. Considering quality parameters significant changes were observed only in amount of vitamin C as well as colour parameters L*, a*, b* while all others remained unchanged during six months storage at 20±2oC. Further, among sensory attributes researched drink undergone the significant changes in colour (darkening) and taste (lower acidity and fresh fruit taste and higher sweetness). High correlation between sensory and instrumental determined colour was established. Despite mostly all quality parameters remained stable during all storage time without any trend of soon changes, six months of shelf life is maximal due to colour and taste are limiting factors

AWAKE SURGERY FOR A PRIMARY BRAIN TUMOR

Operacije tumora u elokventnom području mozga u budnom stanju bolesnika izvode se s ciljem maksimalnog odstranjenja tumora i istodobnog očuvanja neurološke funkcije. U ovom radu autori opisuju slučaj bolesnika s primarnim tumorom mozga u području primarne motoričke kore koji je operiran u budnom stanju. Opisani neurokirurško-anesteziološko-neurofiziološki zahvat prvi je takve vrste izveden u Republici Hrvatskoj.Awake brain surgery has been approved as a safe and efficaceous operative procedure with the goal of maximal tumor resection and preservation of neurological function. This case report presents the first full awake primary brain tumor surgical procedure performed in Croatia

AWAKE SURGERY FOR A PRIMARY BRAIN TUMOR

Operacije tumora u elokventnom području mozga u budnom stanju bolesnika izvode se s ciljem maksimalnog odstranjenja tumora i istodobnog očuvanja neurološke funkcije. U ovom radu autori opisuju slučaj bolesnika s primarnim tumorom mozga u području primarne motoričke kore koji je operiran u budnom stanju. Opisani neurokirurško-anesteziološko-neurofiziološki zahvat prvi je takve vrste izveden u Republici Hrvatskoj.Awake brain surgery has been approved as a safe and efficaceous operative procedure with the goal of maximal tumor resection and preservation of neurological function. This case report presents the first full awake primary brain tumor surgical procedure performed in Croatia

Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 in Primary and Recurrent Breast Carcinomas

The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) comprise a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that are secreted as inactive precursors, which are activated by cleavage of an N-terminal pro-peptide. Their basic mechanisms of action include cancer cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, and the regulation of tumour angiogenesis and immune surveillance. The expression of MMP2 and MMP9 has been associated with high potential of metastasis in several human carcinomas including breast cancer. The 29 female patients, 9 premenopausal and 20 postmenopausal, aged from 37 to 79 years were included in this study. Tissue samples were examined in 29 primary and 48 recurrent carcinomas using the tissue microarrays which included 102 cores of primary breast carcinomas and 96 of recurrent breast carcinomas. Immunohistochemistry determined a pattern of expression for MMP9. The staining was diffuse cytoplasmic, strong, moderate, faint/weak and negative. The majority of the breast carcinomas stained homogenously for MMP9 on tumor cells. Statistically significant correlation was found for the expression of MMP9 between primary and recurrent breast carcinomas in general (p<0.001) and in tumors that were grouped as recurrence before (p=0.039) and after 24 months (p<0.001). Strong expression of MMP9 was observed in primary tumors that recurred after 24 months, median: 162.5 (score range 0–300) and those tumors that recurred before 24 months of the initial diagnosis, median: 102.5 (score range 0–250) (p=0.026)