NUTRIÇÃO ARTIFICIAL NO DOENTE CRÍTICO

Introdução: O suporte nutricional tem papel importan- te no tratamento dos doentes internados em Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a carga calórica fornecida aos doentes críticos, con- siderando o impacto da carga calórica “secundária” (não nutricional) e a teoria da “Subnutrição permissiva”. Obje- tivos: Avaliar a carga calórica fornecida aos doentes inter- nados em Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos. Material e métodos: Estudo transversal analítico realizado em 6 dife- rentes Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos em doentes inter- nados mais de 5 dias. Resultados: 153 doentes, idade 58,18 ± 18,47 anos, sendo do foro médico (22,88%), cirúrgico (21,56%), neurocirúrgico (28,76%) e trauma (26,80%). Internados durante 14,54 ± 9,05 dias, com SOFA de 6,95 ± 3.23 e IMC de 24,57 ± 3,84. A mortalidade foi de 32,03%. Foram fornecidos 12,3 ± 8,4 kcal/kg/dia, com evolução gradativa nos 10 primeiros dias. A carga calórica secundária decresceu, apresentando impacto no valor calórico global somente até ao 2o dia de internamento. Os doentes do foro médico atingiram mais precocemente os objetivos nutricio- nais. A carga calórica secundária teve maior impacto nos pacientes cirúrgicos. Numa fase imediata e intermediária os doentes receberam um aporte calórico significativamente superior ao modelo de Wilmore, enquanto que na fase final o aporte foi significativamente inferior. Discussão: A sub- nutrição encontrada revelou-se diferente do conceito de subnutrição permissiva de Wilmore, provavelmente devido à desvalorização do peso, do bom estado nutricional na admissão, ou à própria gravidade desses doentes, colocan- do a terapia nutricional em segundo plano. Conclusão: Este estudo vem realçar a dificuldade que existe em fornecer um suporte nutricional adequado aos doentes internados em Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos

The 2-Ga peraluminous magmatism of the Jacobina-Contendas Mirante belts (Bahia, Brazil) : geologic and isotopic constraints on the sources

L'étude pétrographique des intrusions granitiques du craton Sao Francisco (Bahia, Brésil) permet de définir la chronologie absolue des épisodes magmatiques et d'identifier les sources magmatiques ainsi que les processus géodynamiques se produisant lors de l'orogenèse transamazonienn

CLT for NESS of a reaction-diffusion model

We study the scaling properties of the non-equilibrium stationary states (NESS) of a reaction-diffusion model. Under a suitable smallness condition, we show that the density of particles satisfies a law of large numbers with respect to the NESS, with an explicit rate of convergence, and we also show that at mesoscopic scales the NESS is well approximated by a local equilibrium (product) measure, in the total variation distance. In addition, in dimensions $d \leq3$ we show a central limit theorem (CLT) for the density of particles under the NESS. The corresponding Gaussian limit can be represented as an independent sum of a white noise and a massive Gaussian free field, and in particular it presents macroscopic correlations.Comment: 33 page

Mineralogical and petrographic characterization of Preguiça and Vila Ruiva mines

This study was performed on the Preguiça and Vila Ruiva mines and aimed at petrographic and mineralogical characterization of various geological media. The Preguiça and Vila Ruiva mines are two examples of the different types of Zn-Pb(-Ag-Sb-Au) deposits that occur in the Ossa Morena Zone, more specifically in the Moura-Ficalho region. Both deposits are in Serra da Preguiça, Beja district, and were explored for Fe-Zn-Pb in the early 20th century and between 1960 and 1966. In Preguiça and Vila Ruiva mines, the old exploration mainly targeted supergene enrichment areas, and information available on the primary mineralisation is scarce. The geology of the Preguiça-Vila Ruiva mining area consists of carbonate rocks that are affected by significant hydrothermal alteration (dolomitization and chertification), essentially composed of dolomite, calcite, and minor ankerite. Recent studies suggest that the Preguiça and Vila Ruiva deposits correspond to very rich secondary Zn-ores located in metadolostones of Lower Cambrian age due to strong in situ oxidation and supergene enrichment processes on previous sulphide mineralisation. Rock samples were collected from the gossans and the host rocks in the spring of 2022. In addition, local soil was sampled from the first 15cm of the soil profile. All rock and soil samples collected from Preguiça and Vila Ruiva were analysed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and the host rock specimens were further studied using a petrographic microscope. The study of the Preguiça and Vila Ruiva thin sections suggests that the host rocks correspond to dolomitic meta-limestones manly with granoblastic texture, composed of dolomite, calcite, quartz, and opaque minerals. For the Preguiça mine, XRD shows that the dolomitic metalimestone has average dolomite contents of ~30%, while Vila Ruiva shows significantly higher contents (~80%) of this mineral. The Preguiça gossan is characterized by significant amounts of willemite (~52%), quartz (~40%), and iron oxides (goethite, hematite, and minor magnetite). Accessory minerals include chalcophanite and anglesite. At Vila Ruiva, the gossan is dominated by iron oxides, manly magnetite (~33%) and minor hematite (~17%) and goethite (~12%). In this mine, mineral phases such as willemite, chalcophanite and anglesite were not identified. The soils of Vila Ruiva present slightly higher amounts of quartz and lower contents of carbonate minerals than Preguiça soils. However, smithsonite (~12%) was only identified for Vila Ruiva, while cerussite (~3%) was identified only for Preguiça. Hematite is the most abundant iron oxide in the soils of both mines. Although the results suggest some differences in the gossans mineralogy of both mines, the small number of samples analysed largely justify further investigation

Geological setting of the chipindo mine: a preliminary analysis

As a contribution to the metallogenic model for the Chipindo mineral deposit, the preliminary characterization of the geology of the area is presented. The open-pit mine is located in Huíla, Angola, and currently explores primary gold. It is included in the South Sheet D-33/J of Caconda from the Geological Map of Angola at 1:250 000 scale. - essentially, composed by leucocratic granites, with potassium feldspar phenocrysts of idiomorphic habit and poikilitic texture. The exploration targets mineralised quartz veins. For this work, and as part of a PhD thesis of Kumoleha A., a total of 49 rock and mineral samples were collected in the mining area for the lithological and mineralogical characterization of the deposit. 21 samples were collected in the mining area, including the mineralized structures, and host rocks. The field description encompasses i) Quartz associated with leucogranites; ii) Mineralized quartz veins; iii) Pegmatitic veins; iv) Strongly fractured quartz; v) Quartz veins with en-echelon structures; vi) Weakly mineralized quartz; vii) Highly altered and deformed volcanic tuffs; viii) Volcanic rocks, with copper sulphides (mainly bornite); ix) Altered dolerite rock. To characterise the regional geological setting, 20 rock samples were collected in the following geological units: a) Acid metavulcanites; b) Granites to biotitic-amphibolic, porphyroid granodiorites; c) Gabbros, diorites and quartz-diorites, variably foliated, metamorphosed and/or metasomatized; d) Coarse-grained porphyroid leucogranites. Eight samples of mine waste were collected from the floatation tanks for geochemical analysis and study of tailings, including the potential environmental impact. The sampling and sample description already carried out allows the preliminary characterization of this gold deposit. Future investigation will include mineralogical, geochemical, petrographic and metallographic studies that will certainly increase our understanding of the processes that formed this mineral deposit

The influence of a specific high intensity circuit training during physical education classes in children’s physical activity and body composition markers

Physical activity plays a paramount role on children growth and schools emerged as a key setting for pro- moting physical activity during childhood. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of a high intensi- ty circuit training performed during regular physical education classes at schools. One hundred and five children aged 11–14 years (71 boys and 34 girls) were evaluated. The participants were split into a control group (boys: N = 47; girls: N = 16) and an experimental group (boys: N = 24; girls: N = 18). Besides the normal physical education classes, the experimental group also performed a high intensity circuit training for eight weeks, twice a week, at the beginning of the lesson. A pre- post-test was performed. Cardiorespiratory (20 m shuttle run test ) and a set of strength variables were evaluated. Percentage of fat mass was used as a somatic indicator. The 20 m shuttle run test presented a significant time effect, but not a time X sex, time X group, and time X weight status interactions. Conversely, the strength variables presented a significant time X group interaction (significant differences between groups). Percentage of fat mass presented a significant time effect, but not a significant time X group interaction. Data showed that adding a high intensity circuit training to physical education classes would result in a significant increase in muscular fitness performance in children, but cardiorespiratory fitness may not present the same magnitude of improvement. High in- tensity circuit training programs (performed during regular physical education classes at schools) seem to present a positive and significant effect in physical fitness parameters as well as reducing the percentage of fat mass.This work is supported by national funds (FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) under the project UIDB/DTP/04045/2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Stellar equilibrium configurations of white dwarfs in the f(R,T)f(R,T) gravity

In this work we investigate the equilibrium configurations of white dwarfs in a modified gravity theory, na\-mely, $f(R,T)$ gravity, for which $R$ and $T$ stand for the Ricci scalar and trace of the energy-momentum tensor, respectively. Considering the functional form $f(R,T)=R+2\lambda T$, with $\lambda$ being a constant, we obtain the hydrostatic equilibrium equation for the theory. Some physical properties of white dwarfs, such as: mass, radius, pressure and energy density, as well as their dependence on the parameter $\lambda$ are derived. More massive and larger white dwarfs are found for negative values of $\lambda$ when it decreases. The equilibrium configurations predict a maximum mass limit for white dwarfs slightly above the Chandrasekhar limit, with larger radii and lower central densities when compared to standard gravity outcomes. The most important effect of $f(R,T)$ theory for massive white dwarfs is the increase of the radius in comparison with GR and also $f(R)$ results. By comparing our results with some observational data of massive white dwarfs we also find a lower limit for $\lambda$, namely, $\lambda >- 3\times 10^{-4}$.Comment: To be published in EPJ