Changes in secondary outcomes (as percentages) from baseline to follow-up by group.

<p><u>Notes:</u> the changes are represented as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). Changes were calculated as the difference between the follow-up and baseline values (delta), divided by the baseline value and multiplied by 100. <u>Abbreviations</u>: PT = peak torque; 6MWT = 6-minute walking test.</p

Consort diagram indicating sample sizes at each stage during the study.

<p>Consort diagram indicating sample sizes at each stage during the study.</p

Serum 25OHD levels (nmol/L) by age group and physical activity in women.

<p><b><i>Comparison between age groups</i></b>: ^*<i>p<0.05; ^** p<0.01</i>.</p

General characteristics in men (whole sample and by age group), expressed as medians (first and third quartiles) or percentages, as appropriate.

<p>25(OH)D: 25-hydroxy-vitamin D; ys: years; BMI: body mass index; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; 6MWD: six-minute walking distance.</p

Results of logistic regression analysis for significant independent factors associated with vitamin D deficiency.

<p>^* Adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking habits, season, 6-minute walking distance, cognitive status, depression, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, osteo-articular diseases, osteoporosis, cancer, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.</p