Pricing multivariate barrier reverse convertibles with factor-based subordinators

In this paper we study factor-based subordinated Levy processes in their VG and NIG specications, and focus on their ability to price multivariate exotic derivatives. Dierent model specications, calibrated to a dataset of multivariate Barrier Reverse Convertibles listed at the Swiss market, show diverse ability in capturing smile patterns and recovering empirical correlations. We show how the range of the correlation spanned by the model is linked to the process marginal distributions. Our analysis nds that there exists a tradeo between marginal and correlation fit. A sensitivity analysis is performed, showing how the product's characteristics and the model's features aect Multi Barrier Reverse Convertible prices. Market and model prices are analyzed, highlighting and explaining discrepancies

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality