276 research outputs found
Parental Involvement and Group Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Treatment Specificity and Mediation Effects
Phobic and anxiety disorders are one of the most common, if not the most common and debilitating psychopathological conditions found among children and adolescents. As a result, a treatment research literature has accumulated showing the efficacy of cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) for reducing anxiety disorders in youth. This dissertation study compared a CBT with parent and child (i.e., PCBT) and child group CBT (i.e., GCBT). These two treatment approaches were compared due to the recognition that a childâs context has an effect on the development, course, and outcome of childhood psychopathology and functional status. The specific aims of this dissertation were to examine treatment specificity and mediation effects of parent and peer contextual variables. The sample consisted of 183 youth and their mothers. Research questions were analyzed using analysis of variance for treatment outcome, and structural equation modeling, accounting for clustering effects, for treatment specificity and mediation effects. Results indicated that both PCBT and GCBT produced positive treatment outcomes across all indices of change (i.e., clinically significant improvement, anxiety symptom reduction) and across all informants (i.e., youths and parents) with no significant differences between treatment conditions. Results also showed partial treatment specific effects of positive peer relationships in GCBT. PCBT also showed partial treatment specific effects of parental psychological control. Mediation effects were only observed in GCBT; positive peer interactions mediated treatment response. The results support the use CBT with parents and peers for treating childhood anxiety. The findingsâ implications are further discussed in terms of the need to conduct further meditational treatment outcome designs in order to continue to advance theory and research in child and anxiety treatment
Latino and Non-Latino Parental Treatment Preferences for Child and Adolescent Anxiety Disorders
There is frequently a presumption that Latino parents have a greater preference for involvement in their childâs treatment for anxiety compared to non-Latino white parents. However, parent involvement may increase burdens associated with treatment and research suggests that Hispanic individuals already face significantly greater barriers to obtaining mental health treatment. In the current study, we compared Latino and non-Latino parentsâ preferences for parental involvement and perceptions of burdens in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for youth anxiety. 117 parents (57 Latino) completed measures to assess child anxiety, perceptions of treatment involvement, and burdens associated with treatment. There were no significant differences between Latino and non-Latino parents except for a trend toward Latino parents reporting more concerns about the feasibility of obtaining CBT for their childâs anxiety. Because Latino parents expressed concern about potential treatment barriers, cultural adaptations for treatment should focus on decreasing burden rather than increasing parental involvement
Study of η â ηâČ mixing from measurement of B (s)0 â J/Ïη(âČ) decay rates
A study of B and B0 s meson decays into J/Ïη and J/Ïη0 final states is performed using a data set of proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, collected by the LCHb experiment and corresponding to 3.0 fbâ1 of integrated luminosity. The decay B0 â J/Ïη0 is observed for the first time. The following ratios of branching fractions are measured: B(B0 â J/Ïη0 ) B(B0 s â J/Ïη0) = (2.28 ± 0.65 (stat) ± 0.10 (syst) ± 0.13 (fs/fd)) Ă 10â2 , B(B0 â J/Ïη) B(B0 s â J/Ïη) = (1.85 ± 0.61 (stat) ± 0.09 (syst) ± 0.11 (fs/fd)) Ă 10â2 , where the third uncertainty is related to the present knowledge of fs/fd, the ratio between the probabilities for a b quark to form a B0 s or a B0 meson. The branching fraction ratios are used to determine the parameters of ηâη 0 meson mixing. In addition, the first evidence for the decay B0 s â Ï(2S)η 0 is reported, and the relative branching fraction is measured, B(B0 s â Ï(2S)η 0 ) B(B0 s â J/Ïη0) = (38.7 ± 9.0 (stat) ± 1.3 (syst) ± 0.9(B)) Ă 10â2 , where the third uncertainty is due to the limited knowledge of the branching fractions of J/Ï and Ï(2S) mesons
Search for the rare decay Îc+ âpÎŒ+ÎŒ-
The flavor-changing neutral-current (FCNC) decay ÎĂŸ c â pÎŒĂŸÎŒâ (inclusion of the charge-conjugate processes is implied throughout) is expected to be heavily suppressed in the Standard Model (SM) by the Glashow-IliopoulosMaiani mechanism [1]. The branching fractions for shortdistance c â ulĂŸlâ contributions to the transition are expected to be of OĂ°10â9Ă in the SM but can be enhanced by effects beyond the SM. However, long-distance contributions proceeding via a tree-level amplitude, with an intermediate meson resonance decaying into a dimuon pair [2,3], can increase the branching fraction up to OĂ°10â6Ă [4]. The short-distance and hadronic contributions can be separated by splitting the data set into relevant regions of dimuon mass. The ÎĂŸ c â pÎŒĂŸÎŒâ decay has been previously searched for by the BABAR Collaboration [5], yielding 11.1 5.0 2.5 events and an upper limit on the branching fraction of 4.4 Ă 10â5 at 90% C.L. Similar FCNC transitions for the b-quark system (b â slĂŸlâ) exhibit a pattern of consistent deviations from the current SM predictions both in branching fractions [6] and angular observables [7], with the combined significance reaching 4 to 5 standard deviations [8,9]. Processes involving c â ulĂŸlâ transitions are far less explored at both the experimental and theoretical levels, which makes such measurements desirable. Similar analyses of the D system have reported evidence for the longdistance contribution [10]; however, the short-distance contributions have not been established [11]
Observation of Z production in proton-lead collisions at LHCb
The first observation of Z boson production in proton-lead collisions at a centreof-mass energy per proton-nucleon pair of â sNN = 5 TeV is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.6 nbâ1 collected with the LHCb detector. The Z candidates are reconstructed from pairs of oppositely charged muons with pseudorapidities between 2.0 and 4.5 and transverse momenta above 20 GeV/c. The invariant dimuon mass is restricted to the range 60 â 120 GeV/c2 . The Z production cross-section is measured to be ÏZâ”+”â (fwd) = 13.5 +5.4 â4.0 (stat.) ± 1.2(syst.) nb in the direction of the proton beam and ÏZâ”+”â (bwd) = 10.7 +8.4 â5.1 (stat.) ± 1.0(syst.) nb in the direction of the lead beam, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic
Quantum numbers of the X (3872 ) state and orbital angular momentum in its Ï0J /Ï decay
Angular correlations in B+ â X(3872)K+ decays, with X(3872) â Ï 0J/Ï, Ï 0 â Ï +Ï â and J/Ï â ” +” â, are used to measure orbital angular momentum contributions and to determine the J P C value of the X(3872) meson. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fbâ1 of proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector. This determination, for the first time performed without assuming a value for the orbital angular momentum, confirms the quantum numbers to be J P C = 1++. The X(3872) is found to decay predominantly through S wave and an upper limit of 4% at 95% C.L. is set on the D-wave contribution
Measurement of CP observables in B ± â DK ± and B ± â DÏ Â± with D â KS0K±Ïâ decays
Measurements of CP observables in B± â DK± and B± â Dϱ decays are presented, where D represents a superposition of D0 and DÂŻÂŻÂŻÂŻ0 states. The D meson is reconstructed in the three-body final states K0SK±Ïâ and K0SKâϱ. The analysis uses samples of B mesons produced in proton-proton collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0, 2.0, and 6.0 fbâ1 collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of sâ = 7, 8, and 13 TeV, respectively. These measurements are the most precise to date, and provide important input for the determination of the CKM angle Îł
Observation of a new baryon state in the Îb0Ï+Ïâ mass spectrum
A new baryon state is observed in the Î0bÏ+Ïâ mass spectrum with high significance using a data sample of pp collisions, collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies sâ = 7, 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fbâ1. The mass and natural width of the new state are measured to be m=6072.3±2.9±0.6±0.2 MeV,Î=72±11±2 MeV, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The third uncertainty for the mass is due to imprecise knowledge of the Î0b baryon mass. The new state is consistent with the first radial excitation of the Î0b baryon, the Îb(2S)0 resonance. Updated measurements of the masses and the upper limits on the natural widths of the previously observed Îb(5912)0 and Îb(5920)0 states are also reported
Measurement of the shape of the Bs0âDsââÎŒ+ΜΌ differential decay rate
The shape of the B0sâDââsÎŒ+ΜΌ differential decay rate is obtained as a function of the hadron recoil parameter using proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.7 fbâ1 collected by the LHCb detector. The B0sâDââsÎŒ+ΜΌ decay is reconstructed through the decays DââsâDâsÎł and DâsâKâK+Ïâ. The differential decay rate is fitted with the Caprini-Lellouch-Neubert (CLN) and Boyd-Grinstein-Lebed (BGL) parametrisations of the form factors, and the relevant quantities for both are extracted
Observation of the semileptonic decay B+â ppÂŻ ÎŒ+ΜΌ
The Cabibbo-suppressed semileptonic decay B+âppÂŻÂŻÂŻÎŒ+ΜΌ is observed for the first time using a sample of pp collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0, 2.0 and 1.7 fbâ1 at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV, respectively. The differential branching fraction is measured as a function of the ppÂŻÂŻÂŻ invariant mass using the decay mode B+ â J/ÏK+ for normalisation. The total branching fraction is measured to be B(B+âppÂŻÂŻÂŻÎŒ+ΜΌ)= (5.27+0.23â0.24±0.21±0.15)Ă10â6, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third is from the uncertainty on the branching fraction of the normalisation channel
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