Flow chart of the NFBC1966 data collections.

<p>Flow chart of the NFBC1966 data collections.</p

Estimated associations between variants in the 15q25 region and DBP by smoking status (non-smokers, smokers) in the NFBC1966.

a<p>Effect allele is the smoking-increasing allele (as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0046557#pone.0046557-Ducci1" target="_blank">[15]</a>). Minor allele is in bold.</p>b<p>Linear regression model including SNP, gender, BMI at 31 years, three first PCs.</p>c<p>Interaction model including SNP, gender, BMI at 31 years, smoking (no,yes), three first PCs, SNP*smoking.</p>d<p>Adjustment for multiple testing by MaxT bootstrap test for gene-environment interaction.</p

Associations between the <i>CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4</i> gene cluster on the three outcomes of interest.

<p>(A) Systolic blood pressure, non-smokers. (B) Systolic blood pressure, smokers. (C) Diastolic blood pressure, non-smokers. (D) Diastolic blood pressure, smokers. (E) Body mass index, non-smokers. (F) Body mass index, smokers. Blue diamond indicates the most statistically significantly associated SNP, and other SNPs in the region are presented by diamonds with coloring from white to red corresponding to r² values from 0 to 1. The SNP position refers to the NCBI build 35. Estimated recombination rates are from HapMap, and gene annotations from University of California at Santa Cruz genome browser with build 35 coordinates.</p

Estimated associations between variants in the 15q25 region and SBP by smoking status (non-smokers, smokers) in the NFBC1966.

a<p>Effect allele is the smoking-increasing allele (as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0046557#pone.0046557-Ducci1" target="_blank">[15]</a>). Minor allele is in bold.</p>b<p>Linear regression model including SNP, gender, BMI at 31 years, three first PCs.</p>c<p>Interaction model including SNP, gender, BMI at 31 years, smoking (no,yes), three first PCs, SNP*smoking.</p>d<p>Adjustment for multiple testing by MaxT bootstrap test for gene-environment interaction.</p

Estimated associations between variants in the 15q25 region and BMI by smoking status (non-smokers, smokers) in the NFBC1966.

a<p>Effect allele is the smoking-increasing allele (as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0046557#pone.0046557-Ducci1" target="_blank">[15]</a>). Minor allele is in bold.</p>b<p>Linear regression model including SNP, gender, three first PCs.</p>c<p>Interaction model including SNP, gender, smoking (no, yes), three first PCs, SNP*smoking.</p>d<p>Adjustment for multiple testing by MaxT bootstrap test for gene-environment interaction.</p

Additional file 1: of MARV: a tool for genome-wide multi-phenotype analysis of rare variants

marv_chr1-5.result. Original results files outputted from MARV from the case study using NFBC1966 data. (RESULT 17825 kb

Genotype information and quality control statistics for the eight childhood obesity-susceptibility SNPs.

<p>Abbreviations: bp, base pairs; HWE, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; MAF, minor allele frequency; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism.</p

Interaction between <i>MC4R</i> rs17782313 genotypes (additive model) and meal patterns on BMI.

<p>Mean BMI values with 95% confidence interval error bars are presented.</p

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis (GLM) of the association between social adversity and birth size [birth weight (g), length (cm), head circumference (cm) and ponderal index] in the whole NFBC86 Cohort (<i>n</i> = 9135) and stratified by sex.

*<p><i>n</i> in the adjusted model.</p>**<p>Adjusting for gestational age, maternal smoking, maternal alcohol consumption, parity, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational diabetes and hypertension during pregnancy. <b>^r</b> Additionally adjusting for sex.</p