168 research outputs found
The Quantum Hall Effect with Wilczek's charged magnetic flux tubes instead of electrons
Composites formed from charged particles and magnetic flux tubes, proposed by
Wilczek, are one model for anyons - particles obeying fractional statistics.
Here we propose a scheme for realizing charged flux tubes, in which a charged
object with an intrinsic magnetic dipole moment is placed between two
semi-infinite blocks of a high permeability () material, and the images
of the magnetic moment create an effective flux tube. We show that the scheme
can lead to a realization of Wilczek's anyons, when a two-dimensional electron
system, which exhibits the integer quantum Hall effect (IQHE), is sandwiched
between two blocks of the high- material with a temporally fast response
(in the cyclotron and Larmor frequency range). The signature of Wilczek's
anyons is a slight shift of the resistivity at the plateau of the IQHE. Thus,
the quest for high- materials at high frequencies, which is underway in
the field of metamaterials, and the quest for anyons, are here found to be on
the same avenue.Comment: are welcom
UPITNOST VLADAVINE PRAVA U HRVATSKOM POSTUPKU ZA IZDAVANJE KAZNENOG NALOGA U VEZI S ODUZIMANJEM SLOBODE, SUDSKOM KONTROLOM, ZAKONITOÅ ÄU DOKAZA I POSTUPOVNIM PRAVIMA
The paper analyses the mechanism of a penal order as a consensual procedure aimed at relieving the criminal justice system in cases of minor criminal offences by avoiding a trial. The study aims to analyse the Croatian normative framework and case law in order to determine the distinctive traits of the penal order procedure in a comparative legal context, disclose the procedural reality and detect its shortcomings. The paper focuses on the substantive and procedural requirements for the issuing of a penal order, the judicial control of the indictment requesting a penal order, the defence rights in the proceedings before the issuing of a penal order and the position of the victim. These key elements were researched through normative, theoretical and comparative analysis of German, Austrian, Italian and French law and conclusions were tested in the case law of the Municipal Criminal Court in Zagreb and the Municipal Court in Split. The results of the research reveal that the expansion of the application of the penal order to graver offences punishable by five years of imprisonment and to more severe penalties such as deprivation of liberty, as well as deviations from some fundamental criminal procedural principles inherent in the penal order procedure, raise the question of providing adequate procedural guarantees for the defendant and the victim.Rad se bavi institutom kaznenog naloga kao konsenzualnog postupka usmjerenog k rastereÄenju kaznenopravnog sustava u sluÄajevima lakÅ”ih kaznenih djela izbjegavanjem voÄenja rasprave. Cilj mu je analizirati hrvatski normativni okvir i sudsku praksu kako bi se u poredbenom pravnom kontekstu utvrdile prepoznatljive osobine postupka za izdavanje kaznenog naloga, razotkrila procesna stvarnost i utvrdili nedostatci. Rad se usredotoÄuje na materijalne i postupovne zahtjeve za izdavanje kaznenog naloga, sudsku kontrolu optužnice kojom se traži izdavanje kaznenog naloga, prava obrane u postupku prije izdavanja kaznenog naloga i položaj žrtve. Ti su kljuÄni elementi istraženi kroz normativnu, teorijsku i komparativnu analizu njemaÄkog, austrijskog, talijanskog i francuskog prava, a zakljuÄci preispitani istraživanjem sudske prakse OpÄinskog kaznenog suda u Zagrebu i OpÄinskog suda u Splitu. Rezultati istraživanja otkrivaju kako proÅ”irenje primjene kaznenog naloga na teža djela za koja je predviÄena kazna zatvora u trajanju od pet godina i na strože kazne kao Å”to je oduzimanje slobode uz odstupanje od pojedinih temeljnih kaznenoprocesnih naÄela ā svojstveno postupku za izdavanje kaznenog naloga ā otvara pitanje pružanja odgovarajuÄih procesnih jamstava za okrivljenika i žrtvu
Symmetry of mental foramen in a Croatian archaeological sample
The purpose of this research is to analyze the symmetry of mental foramen due to its size and location. The aim is to obtain data on the size and position of the foramen on skeletal Croatian population, and to determine whether there are differences between the left and right side of the jaw or between men and women. The study was conducted on digital photographs of skeletal remains of 54 adult mandibles (27 women and 27 men) recorded in standard lateral projection. Position of mental foramen is defined by the following average values: distance from mental foramen to the alveolar ridge of the mandible was 12.33 mm, to the lower edge of mandible 11.03 mm, to mental protuber 11.8mm, to the angle of the mandible 57.26mm. Average values for mesiodistal diameters were 2.29 mm, craniocaudal diameter 1.78 mm and scope of mental foramen 5.94 mm. The study did not show any statistically significant difference between the left and right side of the position and dimensions of mental foramen. There is a statistically significant difference between males and females
Recurrent pneumonia due to a foreign body in the lower respiratory tract
Seventy-year-old male was admitted to University Hospital Center Sestre milosrdnice, Department for clinical immunology, pulmonology and rheumatology for further assessment after nearly eight months of recurrent migratory pneumonias impacting both lower lobes of the lung
Pregled bolesti u djece turista za vrijeme posjeta Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji
The aim was to determine morbidity of foreign children during their tourist visit to Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia. The study included
medical documentation of 233 foreign children tourists aged under 18 years, hospitalized at Clinical Department of Pediatrics, Split
University Hospital Center in the period from January 2007 to December 2013. Demographic data were statistically analyzed. Of 233
children tourists hospitalized at our department, 134 (57.5%) were boys. Most of the children tourists (51.1%) were aged 0-5 years.
According to nationality, they were from 30 countries from all over the world, but mostly from Europe (97.9%). The highest number
of children tourists were from Germany (14.2%). The highest percentage of children tourists (92.7%) were hospitalized during summer
months. The mean length of hospital stay was 4.4Ā±3.3 days. According to the reason for hospitalization, children tourists were
mostly admitted to our hospital for nervous system symptoms (32.6%); 43.4% of these had febrile seizures and 39.5% epilepsy. The
nervous system symptoms were followed by injury and poisoning (14.6%), respiratory symptoms (14.1%), submersion and heat
injuries (9.9%), and digestive symptoms (9.4%). In conclusion, we describe foreign pediatric population hospitalized in the Split University
Hospital Center during their vacation in the Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia. The largest number of children tourists were from
Germany and the nervous system symptoms were the most common reason for hospitalization. Therefore, we suggest cooperation
between the Croatian health care system and Croatian National Tourist Board for developing prevention strategies regarding morbidity
in pediatric tourist population. In particular, prevention and fi rst line therapy for cerebral seizures should be broadly available,
such as in hotels, apartments, and even on beaches.Cilj je odrediti morbiditet u strane djece za vrijeme turistiÄkog posjeta Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji, Hrvatska. U istraživanje je
ukljuÄena medicinska dokumentacija 233-je strane djece turista u dobi do 18 godina, hospitalizirane na Klinici za djeÄje bolesti KBC
Split u razdoblju od sijeÄnja 2007. do prosinca 2013. godine. Demografski podatci su statistiÄki analizirani. Od ukupno 233-je djece
turista hospitalizirane na naÅ”em odjelu njih 134 (57,5%) bili su djeÄaci. VeÄina djece turista (51,1%) bila je u dobnoj skupini od 0-5
godina. Prema nacionalnosti bila su iz ukupno 30 zemalja diljem svijeta, ali veÄinom iz Europe (97,9%). NajveÄi broj djece turista bio
je iz NjemaÄke (14,2%). NajviÅ”i postotak djece turista (92,7%) bio je hospitaliziran ljeti. Hospitalizacija je prosjeÄno trajala 4,4Ā±3,3
dana. NajÄeÅ”Äi razlozi hospitalizacije djece turista bili su neuroloÅ”ki simptomi (32,6%), od toga je 43,4% imalo febrilne konvulzije i
39,5% epilepsiju. Zatim su slijedile ozljede i trovanja (14,6%), od toga su ozljede bile prisutne u 61,8% sluÄajeva, a trovanja u 38,2%.
Blesti diÅ”nog sustava (14,2%) treÄe su po uÄestalosti, veÄina bolesnika imala je upalu donjih (42,4%) ili gornjih (36,4%) diÅ”nih puteva.
Potom slijede utapanja i ozljede toplinom (9,9%) te bolesti probavnog sustava (9,4%). ZakljuÄno, opisali smo stranu pedijatrijsku
populaciju hospitaliziranu u KBC-u Split za vrijeme turistiÄkog posjeta Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji. NajveÄi broj djece turista bio je
iz NjemaÄke i najÄeÅ”Äi razlog hospitalizacije bili su neuroloÅ”ki simptomi. Stoga predlažemo suradnju izmeÄu Ministarstva zdravlja i
Hrvatske turistiÄke zajednice radi razvoja strategije za prevenciju bolesti, uzimajuÄi u obzir morbiditet u djece turista. Posebice treba
naglasiti prevenciju cerebralnih napadaja te Äinjenicu da bi prvolinijska terapija trebala biti Å”iroko dostupna, primjerice u hotelima i
apartmanima, pa i na plažama
INTESTATE INHERITANCE OF SAME-SEX PARTNERS IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA AND THE EUROPEAN UNION
DonoŔenjem Zakona o životnom partnerstvu osoba istoga spola iz 2014. godine istospolni
partneri uŔli su u krug zakonskih nasljednika. Time je napravljen znatan iskorak u odnosu na
prijaÅ”nju regulaciju prava na nasljeÄivanje istospolnih partnera koji su dotad potencijalno
nasljeÄivali iskljuÄivo na temelju oporuke. U ovome radu promotrit Äe se, kako s teorijskog tako
i s praktiÄnog aspekta, pozitivan odmak u priznavanju i izjednaÄavanju prava istospolnih
zajednica u odnosu na heteroseksualne zajednice, a s naglaskom na pravnu podlogu
nasljeÄivanja u takvim zajednicama. Polaznu toÄku za istraživanje ovoga rada predstavljaju
pozitivni pravni propisi koji su na snazi u Republici Hrvatskoj. Daljnja razrada obuhvaÄa
i komparativnu analizu pravnih sustava ostalih europskih zemalja kako bi se promotrilo i
utvrdilo je li u proteklih pet godina napravljena kakva relevantna novela kojom bi položaj
istospolnih partnera bio Å”to manje diskriminatoran, u odnosu na položaj braÄnog, odnosno
izvanbraÄnog druga i njihovih potomaka. Možebitna progresija koja je uspostavljena u
Republici Hrvatskoj (potencijalno i u ostalim promatranim europskim državama) posljedica
je tendencije promjena koje nameÄu visoko razvijene zemlje.By adopting the Registered Partnership Act referring to same-sex couples in 2014, same-sex
partners entered the circle of intestate heirs. This is a step forward compared to the previous
regulation of inheritance rights, by which same-sex partners could potentially inherit only
on the basis of a will. In this paper, a positive outcome in the recognition and equalization
of the rights of same-sex couples in relation to heterosexual couples will be observed
from both theoretical and practical aspects, with emphasis placed on legal background of
inheritance in such unions. Positive laws that are in force in the Republic of Croatia present
the starting point for research in this paper. Further elaboration also includes comparative
analysis of legal systems of other European countries aimed at considering and determining
if there have been any significant novelties in the past five years that would place same-sex
partners in a less discriminatory position in relation to the spouses or cohabitants and their
descendants. Eventual progression set up in the Republic of Croatia (possibly also in other
European countries observed) is a consequence of a tendency to make changes imposed by
highly developed countries
The effect of the Satureja montana ethanol extract on the morphological changes of erythrocytes
The present study investigated the antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts of the
leaves of Satureja montana and their influence on the membrane stability of erythrocytes ex vivo. The ethanol extracts showed a very potent antioxidant activity of
EC50 = 0.055mg/ml. Rat blood samples were treated with 96% ethanol extracts in
different concentrations of 100 Āµg/ml, 200 Āµg/ml, and 300 Āµg/ml, and morphological analyses were carried out. The results showed significant differences in the
shape of the erythrocytes incubated with higher extract concentrations. Considerable morphological changes were observed at a concentration of 200 Āµg/ml which
was characterised by the highest percentage of stomatocytes, while the highest percentage of echinocyte formation was observed at a concentration of 300 Āµg/ml.
The results of this investigation indicated that the ethanol extracts of S. montana
exhibited a possible protective effect on the membrane stability of erythrocytes
Impact of prior statin therapy on community-acquired pneumonia outcomes
Pneumonija iz opÄe populacije znaÄajan je uzrok morbiditeta i mortaliteta na svjetskoj razini. PostojeÄe terapijske strategije imaju svoje granice te se istražuju komplementarni pristupi usmjereni na modifikaciju upalnog i imunosnog odgovora domaÄina. Eksperimentalno dokazani protuupalni, imunomodulatorni i drugi potencijalno korisni uÄinci Äine statine jednom od opcija. U ovom smo Älanku analizirali unutar PubMed-a objavljena istraživanja povezanosti prethodne uporabe statina s mortalitetom i drugim kliniÄkim ishodima pneumonije iz opÄe populacije. Pri analizi smo poseban naglasak stavili na procjenu kontrole moguÄih Äimbenika posredne povezanosti. PronaÅ”li smo 16 istraživanja (14 kohortnih i dva dizajna sluÄaj-kontrola), od Äega je 12 zakljuÄivalo o povoljnom uÄinku statina na redukciju mortaliteta kod pneumonije, dok su Äetiri negirala stvarnu povezanost istaknuvÅ”i uÄinak zdravog korisnika kao alternativno objaÅ”njenje. Iako metodoloÅ”ka heterogenost analiziranih istraživanja i otvorena pitanja kontrole Äimbenika posredne povezanosti sprjeÄavaju donoÅ”enje konaÄnog zakljuÄka, postojeÄa literatura nudi dovoljno poticaja i podataka za kvalitetan pristup buduÄim istraživanjima.Community-acquired pneumonia represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current therapeutic strategies have their limits, and complementary strategies focused on modifying the host\u27s inflammatory and immune response are being investigated. Because of their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and other potentially beneficial effects, statins are often proposed as a possible solution. We searched the PubMed for literature examining the effect of previous statin treatment on mortality and other clinical outcomes in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Our analysis focused on how each study controlled for potential confounders. We identified 16 studies (14 cohort and two case-control), of which 12 associated prior statin use with mortality reduction, while four denied any real association and offered healthy user effect as an alternative explanation. Although methodological heterogeneity of these studies and unresolved confounding issues disallow any final conclusion, we feel that enough quality information has been provided to warrant and guide future studies
MICROPLASTICS ASSESSMENT IN THE KRKA RIVER ESTUARY SURFACE WATER
Microplastics (MPs), commonly defined as particles less than 5 mm, are a persistent ubiquitous anthropogenic contaminant that can be found in every environment, making it a global environmental, health, and socioeconomic problem. Due to their high surface area, MPs adsorb toxic pollutants that become bioavailable to organisms upon ingestion as they are often mistaken for food leading to biomagnification (Bule et al., 2020). The sampling area represents the lower part of the Krka River Estuary and is under direct anthropogenic influence from the city of Å ibenik runoff waters, nautical and communal ports, city harbor, tourism, mariculture, and fishing. Estuaries and harbors have been recognized as hotspots and transfer pathways for MPs primarily because of the vicinity of the urban environment that emits contaminants from various sources (Miller et al., 2021). The main focus of this research was to determine MPs size, shape, color, surface area, and abundance in surface water using volume-reduced samples collected by a net. Laboratory protocol included sieving, wet peroxidation (H2O2), density separation (saturated NaCl solution), sonication, and filtration. Filter papers were then visually inspected for MPs. Image processing and measurements were carried out with ImageJ/Fiji open-source software
Morphology, distribution, and histochemistry of trichomes of Thymus lykae Degen & Jav. (Lamiaceae)
Micromorphology, distribution, and histochemistry of the trichomes of Thymus lykae were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)and confocal laser scanning electron microscopy (CLSM). The leaves, stem, and calyx bear numerous glandular and non-glandular trichomes. Two types of glandular trichomes are identified - peltate and capitate. Results of histochemical tests showed positive reactions to polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids. Yellow autofluorescence of secreted material was noticed in peltate and capitate trichomes. Strong reddish-yellow autofluorescence of the lipophilic and hydrophilic secreted material was observed with CLSM.Mikromorfologija, distribucija i histohemijska analiza trihoma kod vrste Thymus lykae uraÄena je koriÅ”Äenjem skening elektronskog mikroskopa i konfokalnog laserskog skening mikroskopa. Nežlezdane, negranate i dva tipa žlezdanih trihoma - peltatne i kapitatne opisane suuovom radu. Brojne nežlezdane i žlezdane trihome nalazile suse kako na listovima (i na licu i na naliÄju)tako i na stablu i na ÄaÅ”ici. Rezultati histohemijskih istraživanja pokazala supozitivne reakcije na polisaharide, lipide i proteine. Sekretorni produkti unutar peltatnih trihoma imali sujako žutu autofluorescenciju, dok je u kapitatnim trihomama zapažena slabija autofluorescencija. KoriÅ”Äenjem CLSM uoÄena je jarko crveno-žuta autofluorescencija lipofilnih i hidrofilnih sekretornih materija u žlezdanim trihomama.Projekat ministarstva br. 14304
- ā¦