89 research outputs found

    Reconsidering the Demand for Municipal Public Goods Specification : Evidence from French Municipalities

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    Following Bergtrom and Goodman (1973), this paper can be integrated in the set of studies that have estimated the demand for municipal public services. The main innovation in this paper is methodological as we use a Stone Geary utility function to describe the median voter preferences. Unlike previous studies, we are able to derive the local public expenditure function in a (simplified) linear expenditure system, directly from the theoretical framework. The linear expenditure system provides an estimate of the portion of the incompressible public expenditure in each municipality. Using cross sectional municipal data from France, it is found to be 30% of the total per capita expenditure. Compared to the specification generally used in the literature, linear expenditure system shows a greater sensitivity to price and income variations and reveal a greater number of significant variables.Demand for local public services, Median voter, Linear expenditure system, Nonlinear least squares

    tester la concurrence entre les gouvernements locaux de mĂȘme Ă©chelon : une revue de la littĂ©rature

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    L'article dresse un bilan de la littĂ©rature consacrĂ©e Ă  la mise en Ă©vidence des comportements concurrentiels des gouvernements locaux de mĂȘme Ă©chelon. Les travaux recensĂ©s s'articulent autour de deux axes principaux. Les premiers tests sont fondĂ©s sur les dĂ©terminants des choix de localisation. Les seconds modĂ©lisent directement les comportements publics locaux.Economie publique locale; concurrence

    Overlapping jurisdictions and demand for local public services: does spatial heterogeneity matter?

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    This paper aims to test the existence of vertical interactions in terms of public spending between overlapping local jurisdictions in France using a data set of 110 French municipalities and their corresponding departments in 2001 and 2005. To do so, we consider that demand for municipal services is conditioned by the services provided by departments. We then estimate two specifications which allow spatial heterogeneity to be modeled and which are compared with a simple spatial error specification (without spatial heterogeneity). The two estimated spatial regimes models are able to eradicate spatial autocorrelation in the error term. The estimation results show that an appropriate consideration of spatial heterogeneity can lead to new insights. The spatial error specification reveals a robust complementary demand relationship between services provided by departmental and municipal governments. However, these results are not in accord with the results produced by the spatial regime models, which provide evidence of heterogeneity with independence, complementarity or substitution between the services offered by the two overlapping jurisdictions.Local public expenditures; Overlapping jurisdictions; Spatial heterogeneity; Spatial econometrics

    Household Water Demand Estimation using Micro-Level Data

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    La Reunion Island is facing to specific difficulties in supplying drinking water. In the western part of this french departement drincking water is lacking. In this context, well-suited policies require to know perfectly households consumption behavior. To this end, the household water demand function is estimated. Data have been recorded on a random sample of 2000 consumers by a telephone poll. Water bills have been collected by post, from 200 volunteer households.

    Tax shape, debt and electoral opportunism at the municipal level: French empirical evidence and a model (?)

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    Firstly, this paper aims at building a theoretical framework in order to explain opportunistic local public behaviors on the eve of elections. The resulting electoral cycle depends on the tax shape, the avalability to contract loans, and the shape of the demand for public goods. In particular, the model predicts a tax cut during the election period in French municipalities. Indebtedness may lead to an electoral cycle on public spending provided that the public good demand is elastic enough. Secondly, empirical investigation relying on a dynamic panel data model confirms theoretical predictions.

    Les déterminants de la dynamique entrepreneuriale dans les régions françaises (1994-2003)

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    Cet article cherche Ă  Ă©valuer les dĂ©terminants de la dynamique entrepreneuriale dans les rĂ©gions françaises pour la pĂ©riode 1993-2004. On estime dans ce but un modĂšle dynamique de panel par la mĂ©thode de Blundell et Bond (1998) pour expliquer le taux de crĂ©ation d'entreprise (rapportĂ© Ă  la population rĂ©gionale). L'hypothĂšse d'Holcombe (1998) selon laquelle la crĂ©ation d'entreprise s'explique par elle-mĂȘme est en premier lieu confirmĂ©e. Il apparaĂźt Ă©galement que le niveau de chĂŽmage et le revenu disponible ont un effet positif sur la crĂ©ation rĂ©gionale d'entreprise. La taille des entreprises jouerait, Ă  l'inverse, nĂ©gativement comme une barriĂšre Ă  l'entrĂ©e. Enfin, l'importance statistique des effets spĂ©cifiques individuels amĂšne Ă  penser que les facteurs institutionnels et culturels doivent ĂȘtre mieux pris en considĂ©ration au niveau rĂ©gional.dynamique entrepreneuriale, modĂšle dynamique de panel, rĂ©gions françaises

    Estimation de la demande d'eau potable Ă  La RĂ©union sur donnĂ©es d'enquĂȘte

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    L'article prĂ©sente et exploite une enquĂȘte rĂ©alisĂ©e auprĂšs de 2000 mĂ©nages, par nos soins Ă  la RĂ©union. L'objectif est d'analyser les comportements de consommation d'eau potable afin de rĂ©duire les excĂšs de consommation domestique. On estime pour cela la fonction de demande d'eau. On montre ainsi qu'une politique de prix, transitant via un effet revenu virtuel peut ĂȘtre prĂ©conisĂ©e pour les bas revenus. Cette politique pourra ĂȘtre complĂ©tĂ©e par une campagne de prĂ©vention auprĂšs des mĂ©nages habitant une maison situĂ©e dans les zones climatiques les plus exposĂ©es au manque d'eau.demande d'eau potable, sondage, variables instrumentales, donnĂ©es manquantes

    Measurement of the charge asymmetry in top-quark pair production in the lepton-plus-jets final state in pp collision data at s=8 TeV\sqrt{s}=8\,\mathrm TeV{} with the ATLAS detector

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    ATLAS Run 1 searches for direct pair production of third-generation squarks at the Large Hadron Collider

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    Projet NEWTS : PrĂ©sentation gĂ©nĂ©rale du projet et des rĂ©sultats d’expĂ©riences de laboratoire

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    Seminar presentation and podcastCe sĂ©minaire Ă  pour objectif de prĂ©senter des recherches menĂ©es sous la forme d’expĂ©riences de laboratoire au sein du projet NEWTS (Nudges for Economics of Water TariffS : https://anr.fr/Projet-ANR-18-WTW7-0002). Ce projet EuropĂ©en rĂ©unit des laboratoires français (CEMOI Univ La RĂ©union, CREM Univ Rennes 1, GAEL UGA et GRANEM, Univ Angers), Espagnol (Univ d’Oviedo), d’Afrique du Sud (EPRU, Univ Cap Town) et Tunisien (LAREQUAD) au cours de la pĂ©riode 2019-2023AprĂšs une prĂ©sentation gĂ©nĂ©rale du projet de recherche, l’accent sera mis sur les objectifs et l’intĂ©rĂȘt des expĂ©riences de laboratoire dont les premiers rĂ©sultats seront prĂ©sentĂ©s
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