Guía de atención psicológica a pacientes y familiares en el proceso de donación y trasplante de órganos

Los trasplantes de órganos son expresión del desarrollo científico y tecnológico alcanzado por las ciencias hasta la actualidad, y en especial en el campo de las ciencias médicas. Para que se produzca un trasplante debe haber una donación (donante) y una recepción (receptor) y en el acto de la donación se refleja toda la subjetividad de los seres humanos, marcada por la cultura, el entorno, la educación, las creencias, los dilemas éticos y las actitudes éticas. Esto explica por qué el psicólogo es un integrante imprescindible dentro del equipo multidisciplinario. En esta guía se definen los pasos, técnicas psicológicas para el diagnóstico y la intervención psicológica, aspectos éticos y otros elementos de interés para garantizar la calidad de la asistencia psicológica, en el contexto de la donación y trasplante de órganos. Para ello, se consultó la literatura científica existente sobre el tema, incluyendo directrices de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, y se conformó el documento a partir de las mejores referencias que resultaron de la revisión. La guía constituye una herramienta para orientar el trabajo de los psicólogos que forman parte de los equipos multidisciplinarios de trasplante y rescate de órganos, ajustada a pautas de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y experiencias de Cuba y otros países

Protocol for Detection, Prevention and Action in Alleged Cases of Gender-based Violence and Discrimination

A protocol is presented to prevent, avoid and act in situations of gender-based violence at the University of Medical Sciences of Cienfuegos. This protocol establishes the necessary measures to identify situations of violence that occur in the university environment, whether towards students or teachers, with the aim of investigating them, proposing solutions and mitigating their consequences. The methodological and scientific rigor of the design presented allows us to offer the university community a very useful protocol that is in accordance with the Comprehensive Strategy for Prevention and Attention to Gender Violence and Violence in the Family Setting and the Advancement Plan to Women that is implemented in Cuba

Resilience Modulators and Overburden in Major Caregivers of Advanced Cancer Patients

Foundation: the caregiver plays an important role in helping and supporting a patient with cancer, but at the same time has the emotional and work burden which this work presupposes. Objective: to determine the resilience modulating factors and the degree of burden in major caregivers of advanced cancer patients. Method: a descriptive study was developed at the Area III Policlinic Cienfuegos during the period from December 2012 to March 2013. The universe was constituted by 25 primary caregivers of patients in an advanced stage of the disease. The studied variables were: sex, age, scholarship, occupation, marital status, kinship, time to patient care, self-esteem, optimism, emotional intelligence, and burden. The techniques used were: questionnaire and test of emotional intelligence, Coopersmith self-esteem inventory, caregiver burden scale by Zarit. Results: ages between 51 and 72 years predominated 48 %, 88 % were female, 40 % had elementary school level and 48 % were married, 72 % were housewives, 44 % were patients spouses, 52 % less than a year of care giving. 60 % had an intense burden, 48 % low level of self-esteem and an intense burden. 58.3 % of caregivers with low emotional intelligence had an intense burden. Conclusion: resilience modulators, self-esteem and emotional intelligence determine the level of burden suffered by major caregivers of advanced cancer patients

Protocol of psychological intervention facing COVID-19 in healthcare centers. Cienfuegos. Cuba

Foundation: the model of Health Psychology in Cuba has among its objectives psychological intervention in times of disasters. COVID 19 is one of the greatest natural catastrophes in history, which has left and will leave fatal psychological consequences for human beings.Objective: to offer psychological action guidelines to psychologists who assist people at risk or who have COVID-19 and to healthcare providers.Methods: documentary review that merges the subject state of art, the best evidence and the experience of professionals from the Cienfuegos province.Results: The Psychology Group and the Chapter of the Cuban Society of Health Psychology of Cienfuegos propose guidelines for psychologists in charge of providing care to patients at risk and / or patients with COVID-19 and healthcare providers.Conclusion: the protocol of psychological intervention responds to psychological needs of people at risk or patients with COVID-19 during the care process and to psychological needs of workers who participate in this process.</p

Characterization of patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and cognitive impairment. Cienfuegos, 2018

Foundation: cerebrovascular disease occupies the third place as a cause of death to be overcome only by cardiovascular diseases and cancer. It constitutes the first cause of permanent disability in the adult and the second of dementia.Objective: to characterize patients with cerebrovascular disease and cognitive disorder.Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, carried out in the Neurology Service of the Gustavo Aldereguía Lima Hospital in Cienfuegos, which included 27 patients hospitalized in this center, with cognitive impairment, after the first event of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The variables were analyzed: sex, age, skin color, schooling, occupation, marital status, origin, toxic habits, personal pathological history, type of cerebrovascular disease, affected brain structure, cognitive impairment (using the minimum Folstein mental state test and the Montreal cognitive assessment test), neuropsychological alterations, depression (using the Yessavage geriatric depression scale).Results: Elderly adults, male sex and white skin color predominated, as well as low level of schooling and singles. The atherothrombotic ischemic event was the most common and the right hemisphere the most affected. There was cognitive impairment in all patients. The risk factors mostly associated with the disease were high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and smoking. The majority of patients did not suffer depression after cerebral infarction.Conclusions: older, single adults are more likely to suffer strokes. The low educational level may be a factor associated to cognitive impairment after this disease, but depression that does not always manifests deeply.</p

The Patients whit neurotic disorders in time of Covid19. An experience of work psicogroup of WhatsApp

Background: Cuba and the world have suffered in recent months a health situation as a result of the new coronavirus pandemic. Psychological science began to play a key role in the health emergency, by offering first aid and psychological support.Objective: to describe the virtual psychological help modality application results for patients with neurotic disorders and their families.Methods: quantitative-qualitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study, carried out in the period April-August 2020. 28 people who gave consent to participate and had technological resources were included: 22 patients belonging to the Cienfuegos Psychiatric Hospital and 6 relatives. It was guided by psychologists and a psychiatrist. A modality of virtual psychological help was carried out using a WhatsApp group.Results: the participants demonstrated knowledge of learned psychological and psychotherapeutic resources, as well as those provided during work time. The experience was well received and considered useful, beneficial; they rated it as an excellent modality for psychological care. They overcame negative emotional symptoms related to the pandemic and there was enrichment of resources, positive group and family interaction in confinement and skills in the management of technology.Conclusions: as a new modality of psychological help, it was a timely and necessary work experience in the health emergency, proving to be effective as a work tool for psychologists and psychiatrists in psychological care.</p

Investigación, reflexión y acción de la realidad socio-educativa a principios del siglo XXI : vol. III

Consciente de la importancia de la investigación educativa para promover las transformaciones que permitan ofrecer a la sociedad nacional e internacional una educación pertinente y relevante que al mismo tiempo, contribuya con el desarrollo humano, en febrero del 2011 y en el marco de la celebración del 30 aniversario de su fundación, el Instituto de Investigación en Educación (INIE) organiza el II Congreso Internacional de Investigación Educativa: Su Incidencia en la Realidad Social. Los aportes presentados durante este II Congreso Internacional de Investigación Educativa, se han recopilado en la publicación del libro digital: Investigación, reflexión y acción de la realidad socio-educativa a principios del siglo XXI. Estos trabajos tienen por objetivo ofrecer propuestas para repensar la educación y los procesos educativos que se desarrollan en las aulas, así como valorar la importancia de realizar las transformaciones que se requieren a partir de los resultados de las investigaciones

Memoria II Congreso de Lingüística Aplicada Effective Teaching Practices: The Key to Maximixing Learning

Compilada y editada por Joe Montenegro Bonilla y Jacqueline Araya RíosEste documento contiene las ponencias que están en la memoria digital del II Congreso Internacional de Lingüística Aplicada (CONLA) 2015 realizado los días 28, 29 y 30 de octubre del 2015 en la Sede Regional Brunca de la Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.This document contains the papers that are in the digital memory of the II International Congress of Applied Linguistics (CONLA) 2015 held on October 28, 29 and 30, 2015 at the Brunca Regional Headquarters of the National University, Costa Rica.Universidad Nacional, Costa RicaSede Regional Brunca, Campus Pérez Zeledó

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data