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    Π‘ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π·Π° ΠΈ биолошка активност Π°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎ ΠΈ Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎ Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ†-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»Ρ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π°

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    Biological activity of 2-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (TBQ) and its derivatives, 2-tert-butyl-5-(2-propylthio)-1,4-benzoquinone, 2-tert-butyl-5- -(propylthio)-1,4-benzoquinone, 2-tert-butyl-5,6-(ethylenedithio)-1,4-benzoquinone, 2-tert-butyl-5-(phenylthio)-1,4-benzoquinone and 2-tert-butyl-6-(phenylthio)- 1,4-benzoquinone, were tested for their antioxidant, antibacterial, toxic, cytotoxic and genotoxic potential. Using the DPPH test, all derivatives showed good antioxidant activity, better than ascorbic acid, and the 2-tert- -butyl-5-(propylthio)-1,4-benzoquinone derivative showed the strongest effect. Better antibacterial potential was observed against Gram-positive bacteria in the broth microdilution method in which the 2-tert-butyl-5-(phenylthio)-1,4- -benzoquinone derivative showed the strongest activity (MIC = 15.6 ΞΌM). The results of toxicity tests, using the Brine shrimp test, indicated that the derivatives lose their toxic potential compared to TBQ, except for 2-tert-butyl-6- -(phenylthio)-1,4-benzoquinone, which showed a 3 times stronger effect. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTT assay in 24 and 72 h treatments in MRC-5, HS 294T and A549 cell lines in threefold decreasing gradient (11, 33 and 100 ΞΌM). Modifications potentiate the cytotoxic effect, and the strongest effect was observed with the 2-tert-butyl-5,6-(ethylendithio)-1,4-benzoquinone derivative. In addition, the genotoxic potential was examined in the MRC-5 cell line using the comet assay. All tested derivatives of TBQ showed a genotoxic effect at all applied subtoxic concentrations. In general, the chemical modifications of TBQ enhanced its biological activity.Π˜ΡΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½Π° јС биолошка активност 2-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ†-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,4-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π° (TBQ) ΠΈ ΡšΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π°: 2-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ†-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»-5-(ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎ)-1,4-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π°, 2-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ†-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»-5-(ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎ)-1,4-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π°, 2-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ†-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»-5,6-(Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΎ)-1,4-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π°, 2-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ†-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»- -5-(Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎ)-1,4-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈ 2-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ†-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»-6-(Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎ)-1,4-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡƒΠΊΡ™ΡƒΡ‡ΡƒΡ˜ΡƒΡ›ΠΈ ΡšΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ² антиоксидативни, Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΈ, токсични, цитотоксични ΠΈ гСнотоксични ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Π». ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ DPPH тСста, сви Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ су ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Ρƒ антиоксидативну активност, Π±ΠΎΡ™Ρƒ ΠΎΠ΄ аскорбинскС кисСлинС, Π° Π½Π°Ρ˜Ρ˜Π°Ρ‡Π΅ Π΄Π΅Ρ˜ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΠΎ јС Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ 2-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ†-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»-5-(ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎ)-1,4-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½. Π‘ΠΎΡ™ΠΈ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Π» јС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ›Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ² Π“Ρ€Π°ΠΌ-ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ Ρƒ Π±ΡƒΡ˜ΠΎΠ½Ρƒ, Π³Π΄Π΅ јС Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ 2-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ†-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»-5-(Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎ)-1,4-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ˜Ρ˜Π°Ρ‡Ρƒ активност (MIC = 15,6 μМ). Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° токсичности, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ тСста Π½Π° Artemia salina, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡƒΡ˜Ρƒ Π΄Π° Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π³ΡƒΠ±Π΅ токсични ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Π» Ρƒ односу Π½Π° TBQ, осим 2-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ†-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»-6-(Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎ)- -1,4-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π°, који јС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΠΎ 3 ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π° Ρ˜Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚. Цитотоксичност јС испитана МВВ тСстом Ρƒ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠ΄ 24 ΠΈ 72 h Π½Π° Ρ›Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ линијама MRC-5, HS 294T ΠΈ A549 Ρƒ троструко ΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°Ρ˜ΡƒΡ›Π΅ΠΌ Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ˜Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ (11, 33 ΠΈ 100 μМ). ΠœΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ˜Π°Ρ‡Π°Π²Π°Ρ˜Ρƒ цитотоксични Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚, Π° Π½Π°Ρ˜Ρ˜Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ јС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ›Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π° 2-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ†-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»-5,6-(Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΎ)-1,4-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π°. ΠŸΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π°, гСнотоксични ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Π» јС испитан Π½Π° Ρ›Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠΎΡ˜ линији MRC-5 ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ тСстом. Π‘Π²ΠΈ испитивани Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ су ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ гСнотоксични Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ свим ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡšΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ субтоксичним ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°ΠΌΠ°. Π“Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»Π½ΠΎ, Ρ…Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ˜ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ™ΡˆΠ°Π²Π°Ρ˜Ρƒ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΡƒ активност 2-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ†-Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,4-Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½Π°

    Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Salvia amplexicaulis Lam. extracts

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    This study was designed to examine the in vitro antioxidant DPPH free radical-scavenging activity, and the total phenolic and flavonoid content of ethanol and methanol extracts of Salvia amplexicaulis Lam. in the whole plant and different parts, leaves, stems and flowers. The largest amounts of extract yield were obtained from the flowers, 14.14% and 12.00 % (w/w) in the ethanol of methanol extracts, respectively. The ethanol extract of leaves (16.07 ΞΌg/ml) and methanol extract of the whole plant (21.28 ΞΌg/ml) showed the highest activity against the DPPH radical. The ethanol extract of the leaves was the richest in phenols (222.40 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (49.81 mg QE/g), whereas the methanol extract of the whole plant contained the highest amount of phenolics (180.89 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (38.15 mg QE/g). A very strong linear correlation between antioxidant activity and the phenolic content of the extracts was established. The obtained results suggest that S. amplexicaulis could be regarded as an important source of natural antioxidants. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 173029
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